This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Acceleration Induced Shear Strains in a Monkey Brain Hemisection
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
A freshly dead Stumptail (Macaca speciosa) monkey brain hemisection model has been subjected to translation, pure rotation and a combination motion. Linear and angular head accelerations were measured as well as brain displacement relative to the skull and shear strain at several locations. Much higher than previously predicted shear strain was measured at acceleration levels which have been recorded during impacts which produced concussion in live monkeys. Pure rotation produced the highest, most diffuse and long lasting shear strain and brain displacement, while translation produced very low shear strain. Highest shear strain during rotation was recorded in the brainstem rather than on the periphery as many have predicted. Results suggest that the mechanism of brainstem injury, regardless of head motion, is due to shear caused by stretching of the cervical cord.
Recommended Content
| Technical Paper | The Role of Whiplash in Cerebral Concussion |
| Technical Paper | Measurement of Head Dynamics and Facial Contact Forces In the Hybrid III Dummy |
Authors
Citation
Hodgson, V. and Thomas, L., "Acceleration Induced Shear Strains in a Monkey Brain Hemisection," SAE Technical Paper 791023, 1979, https://doi.org/10.4271/791023.Also In
References
- Holbourn A.H.S. “Mechanics of Head Injuries.” The Lancet 438 440 October 9 1943
- Hirsch A.E. Ommaya A.K. Mahone R.M. “Tolerance of Subhuman Primate Brain To Cerebral Concussion.” Department of the Navy, Naval Ship Research and Development Center Washington, D.C. August 1968
- Rockoff S.D. Ommaya A.K. “Experimental Head Trauma” Cerebral Angiographic Observations in the Early Post-Traumatic Period.” Am. J. Roentgenology May 1964
- Gennarelli T.A. Thibault L.E. Ommaya A.K. “Pathophysiologic Responses to Rotational and Translational Accelerations of the Head.” Sixteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference Detroit, MI Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 296 308 1972
- Unterharnscheidt F. Higgins L.S. “Traumatic Lesions of Brain and Spinal Cord Due to Non-Deforming Angular Acceleration of the Head.” Texas Report on Biology and Medicine 27 1 Spring 1969
- Abel J.M. Gennarelli T.A. Segawa H. “Incidence and Severity of Cerebral Concussion in the Rhesus Monkey Following Sagittal Plane Angular Acceleration.” Twenty-Second Stapp Car Crash Conference Warrendale, PA Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1978
- Tsubokaqa T. Nakamura S. Hayashi N. Miyagami M. Taguma N. Yamada J. Kurisaka M. Sugawara T. Shinozaki H. Goto T. Takeuchi T. Moriyasu N. “Experimental Primary Fatal Head Injury Caused by Linear Acceleration-Biomechanics and Pathogenesis.” Tokyo, Japan
- Hodgson V.R. Khalil T.B. Thomas L.M. “Reversible Concussion in the Monkey Compared at Front and Side Blow Locations.” Department of Neurosurgery Wayne State University Detroit, MI November 1978
- Hodgson V.R. Khalil T.B. Thomas L.M. “Reversible Concussion in Monkeys Compared at Four Impact Locations.” Department of Neurosurgery Wayne State University Detroit, MI November 1978
- Liu Y.K. Chandran K.B. von Rosenberg D.U. “Angular Acceleration of Viscoelastic (Kelvin) Material in a Rigid Spherical Shell - A Rotational Head Injury Model.” Journal of Biomechanics 1974
- Bycroft G.N. “Mathematical Model of a Head Subjected to an Angular Acceleration.” Journal of Biomechanics 1972
- Mueller F.O. Arnold D.C. “1977 Survey of Catastrophic Head and Neck Football Injuries.”
- Gurdjian E.S. Webster J.E. “Head Injuries, Mechanism, Diagnosis and Management.” Boston - Toronto Little, Brown and Company 1958
- Thomas L.M. “Mechanisms of Head Injury.” Impact Injury and Crash Protection Springfield, IL Charles C. Thomas 27 62 1970
- Gurdjian E.S. Lissner H.R. “Mechanism of Head Injury as Studied by Cathode Ray Oscilloscope.” Journal of Neurosurgery 1 393 399 1944
- Gurdjian E.S. Lissner H.R. “Photoelestic Confirmation on the Presence of Shear Strains at the Craniospinal Junction in Close Head Injuries.” Journal of Neurosurgery 18 58 60 1961
- Ommaya A.K. Gennarelli T.A. “Cerebral Concussion and Traumatic Unconsciousness.” Correlation of Experimental and Clinical Observations on Blunt Head Injuries Brain 97 633 654 1974
- Komaki U. Kikuchi A. Horii M. Ono K. Kitagawa M. Matsuno M. “The Research on the Fatal Level of the Primates Head Impact Tolerance.” The Japan Automotive Research Institute, Inc. (JARI) October 11 1978
- Friede R. “Specific Cord Damage at the Atlas Level as a Pathogenic Mechanism in Cerebral Concussion.” Journal of Neuropath., Exp. Neurolo. 19 266 279 1960
- Hollister N.R. Jolley W.P. Horne R.G. “Biophysics of Concussion.” WADC Technical Report 58-198 Wright-Patterson Air Force Base Ohio September 1978
- Gray H. “Anatomy of the Human Body.” Philadelphia, PA Goss C.M. Lea and Febiger 1975