A Unified Predictive Technique for the Fatigue Resistance of Cast Ferrous-Based Metals and High Hardness Wrought Steels

Authors

• M. R. Mitchell

Topic

• Steel
• Casting
• Iron
• Gases
• Graphite
• Drag
• Fatigue

Citation

Also In

References

1. Gilbert G. N. J. “Factors Relating to the Stress-Strain Properties of Cast Iron,” J. of the British Cast Iron Research Association 6 11 April 1957 546 588
2. “Method of Evaluating the Microstructure of Graphite in Iron Castings: ASTM Designation: A 247, Plate I (Graphite Form Types), Plate II (Graphite Flake Type Chart), and Plate III (Graphite Size) American Society for Testing and Materials 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19103
3. Boyle A. The Structure of Cast Iron American Society of Metals Cleveland, Ohio 1946
4. Oldfield W. “The Solidification of Hypo-Eutectic Gray Cast Iron,” J. of the British Cast Iron Research Association 8 2 March 1960 177 192
5. Bunin K. P. Ya, N. Malinochka Federova S. A. 4 9 1953 25
6. Morrogh H. Williams W. J. “Graphite Formation in Cast Irons and in Nickel-Carbon and Cobalt-Carbon Alloys,” J. of the Iron and Steel Institute 155 1947 321 333
7. Plenard E. “The Elastic Behavior of Cast Iron,” MEPC Session at the National Metals Congress Cleveland, Ohio 1964
8. Gilbert G. N. J. “An Evaluation of the Stress-Strain Properties of Flake Cast Iron in Tension and Compression,” J. of the British Cast Iron Research Association 7 August 1959 745 789
9. Glover A. G. “The Fracture Mechanisms of Grey Cast Irons,” University of Leeds, Department of Metallurgy August 1968
10. Gilbert G. N. J. “Variations of the Microstructure of a Flake Graphite Cast Iron after Stressing in Tension and Compression,” J. of the British Cast Iron Research Association,” 12 1 January 1964 31 47
11. Iitaka I. Yamgishi I. “Fracture of Cast Iron,” Scientific Papers of the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (Japan) 34 1938 1025 1033
12. Ishino T. Shiota T. “Observation of Fracturing Process in Cast Irons by Microscope in Various Loadings,” Imono (Japanese Foundryman's Society Journal) 36 1964 570 579
13. Ikawa K. Ohira G. “Fatigue Properties of Cast Iron in Relation to Graphite Structure,” American Foundry Society Cast Metals Research Journal 3 1967 11 12
14. Mitchell M. R. “Cyclic Deformation and Fracture Behavior of Gray Cast Iron,” Wayne State University, Department of Metallurgy Detroit, Michigan 1969
15. Laird C. Smith G. C. “Crack Propagation in High Stress Fatigue,” Philosophical Magazine 7 1962 847 857
16. Kitching R. Srinath H. “Cyclic Tests on Grade 35 Cast Iron,” Engineer 223 1967 137 140
17. Morrogh H. “A Review of the Solidification of Cast Irons with Spheruletic Graphite Structures,” The Solidification of Metals, Iron and Steel Institute London December 1967 238 241
18. Keverian J. Taylor H. F. Wulff J. “Experiments on Spherulite Formation in Cast Iron,” American Foundryman 23 6 June 1953
19. Oldfield W. Geering G. T. Tiller W. A. “Solidification of Spheroidal and Flake-Graphite Cast Iron,” The Solidification of Metals, Iron and Steel Institute London December 1967 256 262
20. Gilbert G. N. J. “The Stress-Strain Properties of Nodular Cast Irons in Tension and Compression,” J. of the British Cast Iron Research Association 12 2 March 1964 170 193
21. Thum A. Ude H. 16 May 31 1929 501 513 16 June 14 1929 547 556
22. Pohl D. Holtzworth D. “Metallographic Investigation of Fatigue Strength of Nodular Cast Iron.” Giesserei Tecnicshe-Wissenschastliche Beihefte 16 April 1964 111 116
23. De Leiris H. Mencarelli E. “Le Role du Graphite dans less Ruptures par Fatigue des Pieces eu Fonte a Graphite Spheroidal,” Revue de Metallurgie 65 1968 59 66
24. Testin R. A. “Characterization of the Cyclic Deformation and Fracture Behavior of Nodular Cast Iron,” University of Illinois Urbana, Illinois 1973 T.&A.M. Report No. 371 Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, University of Illinois Urbana, Illinois June 1973
25. Mitchell M. R. “Review of Mechanical Properties of Cast Steels with Emphasis on Fatigue Behavior and the Influence of Microdiscontinuities,” ASME, J. of Engineering Materials and Technology 99 Oct 1977 329 343
26. Meyersberg G. “The Internal Mechanics of Cast Iron,” Iron and Steel 17 February 243 247 March 289 291 April 323 328 1944
27. Ouchida H. Chijiiwa K. Hoshino J. Nishioka K. “Fatigue Strength of Carbon-Steel Castings,” Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Mechanical Engineers 10 1967 438 448
28. de Kazinczy F. “Influence of Metallurgical Defect Size of the Fatigue Properties of Cast Steels,” Jernkont. Ann. 150 7 1966 493 506
29. de Kazinczy F. “Size Effect in Fatigue of Cast Steels,” J. of the Iron and Steel Institute January 1969 40 43
30. de Kazinczy F. “Effect of Grain-Boundary Precipitates on the Endurance Limit of Cast Steels,” J. of the Iron and Steel Institute November 1969 1454 1456
31. De Kazinczy F. “Fatigue Properties of a Marine Diesel Engine Crank Throw Forging,” European Shipbuilding, J. of the Ship Technical Society 19 1 1970 9 12
32. de Kazinczy F. “Effect of Small Defects on the Fatigue Properties of Medium Strength Cast Steels,” J. of the Iron and Steel Institute September 1970 851 855
33. de Kazinczy F. “Fatigue Strength across Healed Hot Tears in Castings,” J. of the Iron and Steel Institute April 1971 310 312
34. de Kazinczy F. 5 September 1971 3 7
35. Mitchell M. R. “Material Characterization of a Normalized and Tempered 0.2 w/o C Cast Steel,” Fracture Control Program Report No. 18 University of Illinois, College of Engineering Urbana, Illinois October 1975
36. Duckworth W. E. Ineson E. “The effects of Externally Introduced Alumina Particles on the Fatigue Life of En 24 Steel,” Clean Steels, Iron and Steel Institute Special Report No. 77 London 1963 87 103
37. Atkinson M. “The Influence of Non-metallic Inclusions on the Fatigue Properties of Ultra-high-tensile Steels,” J. of the Iron and Steel Institute 195 May 1960 64 74
38. Kiessling R. Lange N. “Non-metallic Inclusions in Steel,” Iron and Steel Institute Special Report No. 90 London 1964
39. Kiessling R. Lange N. “Non-metallic Inclusions in Steel,” Iron and Steel Institute Publication No. 115 London 1964
40. Kiessling R. “Nonmetallic Inclusions in Steel,” Iron and Steel Institute Publications, No. 100 London 1968
41. Feltner C. E. Beadmore P. “Strengthening Mechanisms in Fatigue,” Achievement of High Fatigue Resistance in Metals and Alloys American Society for Testing amd Materials 1970 77 112
42. La Pointe N. “The Role of Inclusions in the Fatigue Behavior of Steels--A Critical Review,” Ford Motor Company Scientific Research Staff Technical Memorandum No. SRM 71-03 January 1971
43. Stulen F. B. Cummins H. N, Schulte W. C. “Relation of Inclusions to the Fatigue Properties of High-Strength Steels,” International Conference on the Fatigue Properties of Metals September 1956 439 444
44. Cummins H. N. Stulen F. B. Schulte W. C. “Tentative Fatigue Strength Reduction Factors for Silicate-Type Inclusions in High-Strength Steels,” ASTM Proceedings 58 505 514
45. Fisher J. I. Sheehan J. P. “The Effect of Metallurgical Variables on the Fatigue Properties of AISI 4340 Steel Heat Treated in the Tensile Strength Range 260,000-310,000 psi,” Wright Air Development Center Technical Report 58-289 September 1958
46. Nudelman H. B. Sheehan J. P. “Development of Ultra-High Strength, Temper-Resistant Steels Designed for Improvement of Fatigue Properties through Relief of Residual Stress,” Wright Air Development Center Technical Report 59-86 June 1959
47. Forrest P. G. Fatigue of Metals Pergamon Press New York 1962 62 65
48. Murray J. D. Johnson R. F. “The Effect of Inclusions on the Properties of 1% C-Cr Bearing Steels,” Clean Steel, Iron and Steel Institute Special Report No. 77 London November 1962
49. Uhrus L. O. “Through-Hardening Steels for Ball Bearings--Effect of Inclusions on Endurance,” Clean Steel, Iron and Steel Institute Special Report No. 77 London November 1962
50. Duckworth W. E. “The Achievement of High Fatigue Strength in Steels,” Metallurgia 69 412 1964 53 55
51. Lyne C. M. Kasak A. “Effect of Sulfur on the Fatigue Behavior of Bearing Steel,” Trans. of the ASM 61 1968 10 13
52. Landgraf R. W. “Cyclic Deformation and Fatigue Behavior of Hardened Steels,” University of Illinois Urbana, Illinois 1969 T.&A.M. Report no. 320 Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, University of Illinois Urbana, Illinois November 1968
53. Hauser J. J. Wells M. G. H. “Inclusions in High-Strength and Bearing Steels--Their Dependence on processing Variables and Their Effect on Engineering Properties,” Air Force Materials Laboratory Technical Report 69-339 February 1970
54. Schell E. Schness R. Stahl and Eisen 72 1952 683 687
55. Prevention of the Failure of Metals under Repeated Stress Battelle Memorial Institute, John Wiley and Sons New York 1941
56. Stewart W. C. Williams W. L. “Effects of Inclusions on the Endurance Properties of Steels,” J. of the American Society of Naval Engineering 60 1948 475 504
57. Inglis C. E. “Stresses in a Plate Due to the Presence of Cracks and Sharp Corners,” Trans. of the Institute of Naval Architects 55 London 1913 219 242
58. Lipson C. Juvinall R. C. Handbook of Stress and Strength Macmillan Company New York 1963 99 137
59. Garwood M. F. Zurburg H. H. Erickson M. A. “Correlations of Laboratory Tests and Service Performance,” ASM Interpretation of Tests and Correlation with Service American Society of Metals Clevland, Ohio 1951
60. Neuber H. Theory of Notch Stresses 1937 Raven F. A. Edwards J. N. Ann Arbor, Mich. 1946 155 175
61. Kuhn P. Hardrath H. F. “An Engineering Method for Estimating the Notch-Size Effect in Fatigue Tests on Steel,” NACA Technical Note 1805 October 1952
62. Kuhn P. “Influence des dimensions sur la fatigue des pieces entaillies,” Revue de Metallurgie 55 9 September 1958 860 864
63. Peterson R. E. “Notch Sensitivity,” Metal Fatigue Sines G. Waisman J. L. McGraw-Hill New York 1959 193 306
64. Peterson R. E. “Analytical Approach to Stress Concentration Effect in Fatigue of Aircraft Materials,” Wright Air Development Center Technical Report 59-507 August 1959 173 299
65. Landgraf R. W. “Material Behavior Considerations in Fatigue Design,” lecture notes from course presented at Ford Motor Co., Scientific Research Staff Dearborn, Mich. September 1971
66. Stowell E. Z. “Stress and Strain Concentration at a Circular Hole in an Infinite Plate,” NACA Technical Note 1073 April 1950
67. Dixon J. R. Straunigan J. S. “Effect of Plastic Deformation on the Strain Distribution Around Cracks in Sheet Materials,” J. of Mechanical Engineering Science 6 2 1964 132
68. Hardrath H. F. Ohman L. “A Study of Elastic and Plastic Stress Concentration Factor Due to Notches and Fillets in Flat Plates,” NACA Technical Note 2566 December 1951
69. Irwin G. R. “Fracture Testing of High-Strength Steel Materials Under Conditions Appropriate for Stress Analysis,” NRL Report No. 5486 1960
70. Neuber H. “Theory of Stress Concentration for Shear-Strained Prismatical Bodies with Arbitrary Nonlinear Stress-Strain Law,” Trans of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, J. of Applied Mechanics December 1961 544 550
71. Topper T. H. Wetzel R. M. Morrow JoDean “Neuber's Rule Applied to Fatigue of Notched Specimens,” J. of Materials 4 1 March 1969 200 209
72. Peterson R. E. Stress Concentration Factors John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York 1974
73. Neugebauer G. H. “Stress Concentration Factors and Their Effect on Design,” Product Engineering February 1943 82
74. Mattos R. J. Lawrence F. V. “Estimation of the Fatigue Crack Initiation Life in Welds Using Low Cycle Fatigue Concepts,” Fracture Control Program Report No. 19 University of Illinois, College of Engineering Urbana, Illinois October 1975
75. Adams R. R. “Cast Iron Strength vs. Structure,” Trans. of the American Foundrymen's Association 50 1942 1063 1103
76. Barlow T. E. Lorig C. H. “Gray Cast Iron-Tensile Strength, Brinell Hardness and Composition Relationships,” Trans. fo the American Foundrymen's Society 54 1946 545 552
77. Crepson J. Wallace J. F. “The Influence of Graphite Morphology on the Strength of Gray Iron,” Gray and Ductile Iron News 5 August 1966 14 22
78. Morrow JoDean “Cyclic Plastic Energy and Fatigue of Metals,” 1965 45 87
79. Raske D. T. Morrow JoDean “Low Cycle Fatigue Testing from a Mechanics of Materials Viewpoint,” Manual on Low Cycle Fatigue Testing 1969 1 32
80. Landgraf R. W. Mitchell M. R. LaPointe N. R. “Materials Databook - Monotonic and Cyclic Properties of Engineering Materials,” Ford Motor Co., Scientific Research Staff June 1972
81. Society of Automotive Engineers Handbook “Monotonic and Cyclic Properties of Engineering Materials,” 1979
82. Mitchell M. R. Wetzel R. M. “Cumulative Fatigue Damage Analysis of a Light Truck Frame,” J. of Testing and Evaluation, JTEVA 3 6 427 434
83. Dawson J. V. Oldfield W. “Eutectic Cell Count - An Index of Metal Quality,” J. of the British Cast Iron Research Association 8 2 March 1960 221 231
84. Mitchell M. R. “Effects of Graphite Morphology, Matrix Hardness and Structure on the Fatigue Resistance of Gray Cast Iron,” SAE Report No. 750198 February 24 1975
85. Wetzel R. M. Morrow JoDean Topper T. H. “Fatigue of Notched Parts with Emphasis on Local Stresses and Strains,” Naval Air Development Center Report No. NADC-ST-6818 September 1968
86. Crafts W. Lamont J. L. Hardenability and Steel Selection Pitman Publishing Co. New York 1949
87. Tucker L. E. “Cyclic Properties of Nodular Iron Heat Treated to 250 BHN,” Deere & Co., Materials Engineering Dept. Moline, Ill. November 1971
88. Lindblom B. E. “Fatigue Notch-Sensitivity of Nodular Cast Iron in Comparison to Steel,” Trans. of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan 10 2 1970 73 77
89. Knight S. “Nodular Iron Test Bar Development for the University of Illinois Fracture Control Program,” Deere and Co., Materials Engineering Dept. Moline, Ill. September 1971
90. Flemings M. C. “The Solidification of Castings,” Scientific American 231 6 December 1974 88 95
91. Mehrabian R. Flemings M. C. “Die Castings of Partially Solidified Alloys,” Trans. of the American Foundrymen's Society 80 1972 173 182
92. Shul'te Yu. A. Volchok I. P. Pinchuk E. I. “Non-metallic Inclusions and the Failure of Cast Steel,” Russian Castings Production March 1971 114 115
93. Sims C. E. Dahle F. B. “Comparative Quality of Converter Cast Steel,” ASTM Proceedings 42 1942 532 550
94. Sims C. E. Lilliqvist G. A. “Inclusions - Their Effect, Solubility and Control in Cast Steel,” Trans. of the ASME 100 1932 154 193
95. Sims C. E. Dahle F. B. “Effect of Aluminum on the Properties of Medium Carbon Cast Steel,” Trans. of the American Foundrymen's Association 46 1938 65 132
96. Feltner C. E. Mitchell M. R. “Basic Research on the Cyclic Deformation and Fracture Behavior of Materials,” Manual on Low Cycle Fatigue,” American Society of testing and Materials 1969 17 66
97. Morrow JoDean “Fatigue Properties of Metals,” Lecture notes for course presented to Caterpillar Tractor Co. Peoria, Ill. September 1968
98. Petch N. J. “The Cleavage Strength of Polycrystals,” J. of the Iron and Steel Institute 174 May 1953 15 58
99. Gurland J. “Correlation Between Yield Strength and Microstructure of Some Carbon Steels,” Stereology and Quantitative Metallography American Society for Testing and Materials 1972 108 118
100. Embury J. D. Fisher R. M. “The Structure and Properties of Drawn Pearlite,” Acta Metallurgica 14 1966 147 159
101. Calabrese C. Laird C. “Cyclic Stress-Strain Response of Two-Phase Alloys - Part I. Microstructures Containing Particles Penetrable by Dislocation,” Materials Science and Engineering 13 2 February 1974 141 157
102. Calabrese C. Laird C. “Cyclic Stress-Strain Response of Two-Phase Alloys - Part II. Particles not Penetrated by Dislocations,” Materials and Science and Engineering 13 2 February 1974 159 174

Cited By