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Low Temperature Starting and Pumpability Requirements of European Automotive Engines
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English
Abstract
European motor manufacturer replies to the SAE Questionnaire on low temperature starting and pumpability indicate that
- low temperature oil viscosity and flow requirements are primarily determined by engine design.
- CCS viscosities give a useful guide to the cold starting properties of lubricants in European engines.
- there is interest in a classification system temperatures lower than -18°C and oil pumpability.
Experimental test programmes using motored German and French engines confirm that oil pumpability characteristics are largely determined by engine design but show that oil viscosity and VI improver-type additives also have an effect on pumpability. Independent pumpability rig tests show that oil flow rate at -20°C is markedly influenced by the incorporation of an oil filter in the oil circuit.
For both engine and rig tests, the correlation between oil pumpability performance and laboratory test results is investigated.
These studies suggest that, although a standardised rig test to predict oil pumpability may be desirable in the future, there will be considerable difficulty in establishing a procedure which correlates well with the broad range of engine designs currently available in Europe.
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Citation
Eberan-Eberhorst, C., Neveu, C., Rossi, A., and Thompson, M., "Low Temperature Starting and Pumpability Requirements of European Automotive Engines," SAE Technical Paper 790727, 1979, https://doi.org/10.4271/790727.Also In
References
- Hollinghurst R. Nyström C.G. “European Low Temperature Viscosity Requirements for Engine Oils, and Their Impact on SAE Classification Utilisation” SAE Paper 740975
- Badiali F. Marta C. “Viscosity Requirements at Low Temperature of the Italian Car Population” IP Symposium Montreux 1973
- Belati M. “Low Temperature Viscosity Requirements of the Italian Car Population” SAE Paper 750864
- Holdack-Janssen et al “Untersuchungen über das Kältefliessverhalten von Motorenölen in deutschen Vollmotoren” DGMK Compendium 1978 1979
- Rossi A. Brandone B. Jourdan G.
- Eberan-Eberhorst C.G.A. Di Lelio F.G. Cassiani-Ingoni A.A. “European Activity Concerning Engine Oil Viscosity Classification Part II” SAE Paper 780377 SAE SP429
- Wheeler J.B. et al “Low Temperature Pumpability Characteristics of Engine Oils in Full-Scale Engines” ASTM Data Series Publication 57 Philadelphia 1975
- McMillan M.L. Stewart R.M. Smith M.F. Jr. Rein S.W. “Low Temperature Engine Oil Pumpability in Full Scale Engines” SAE Paper 750691
- Spohn C.R. Stewart R.M. “Cold Pumpability Characteristics of Engine Oils Predicted by a Bench Test” SAE Paper 740541