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Effect of Cold Weather on Motor Vehicle Emissions and Fuel Economy
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English
Abstract
The effect of soaking temperature on exhaust emissions has been studied using a variety of automobiles representing three different emission control levels and testing them at ambients of 20°C down to -30°C(60°F to -22°F).
It was found that emissions of the three gaseous pollutants demonstrated a mild power relationship with ambient (soaking) temperatures. All regulated pollutants and fuel consumption were higher at -30°C than at 20°C: hydrocarbons (HC) - 3.5 to 9.2 times; carbon monoxide (CO) - 2.4 to 6.4 times; oxides of nitrogen (NOx) - only 1.1 to 1.4 times; and fuel consumption 1.2 to 1.8 times higher. Analysis of the data has indicated that HC and CO emissions from the cold start phase of the Federal test were the most sensitive to soaking temperature. With NOx emissions the soaking temperature sensitivity was fairly constant throughout the three phases of the Federal test.
The data also indicate that the temperature sensitivity of both fuel economy and, to a lesser extent, emissions is a function of inertia weight.
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Ostrouchov, N., "Effect of Cold Weather on Motor Vehicle Emissions and Fuel Economy," SAE Technical Paper 780084, 1978, https://doi.org/10.4271/780084.Also In
References
- Polak J.C. “Effect of Cold Weather on Motor Vehicle Emissions” 1974
- Taylor G.W. “Winter Testing of Automobile Idle Exhaust Emissions in Edmonton, Alberta” 1973
- Coutts H.J. “Cold Regions Automotive Emissions” U.S. EPA Arctic Environmental Research Laboratory College Alaska 1973
- Eccleston B.H. et al “Supplemental Report to: Ambient Temperature and Vehicle Emissions” U.S. EPA 1975
- “Motor Vehicle Safety Test Methods, Chapter IV, Section 1101-Vehicle Emissions” Transport Canada, Road Safety September 1974
- “Factors Affecting Automotive Fuel Economy” U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 1975
- “Canadian Automobile Driver Survey” 1973
- Miles Donald L. et al “The Effect of Ambient Temperature on Exhaust Emissions of Cars with Experimental Emission Controls” SAE Report No. 741052 1974
- Polak J.C. “Cold Ambient Temperature Effects on Emissions from Light-Duty Motor Vehicles” SAE Report No. 741051 1974