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A Tire Noise Investigation and Test Method
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English
Abstract
This paper reports the results of an exterior tire noise investigation whose purpose was the determination of present passenger car tire noise levels and the development of a passenger car tire noise test. Several operational and measurement parameters including road surface texture and microphone distance and height were studied. The investigation resulted in a passenger car tire noise test procedure taking into account the importance of conducting tire noise tests on a standardized road surface texture.
Fourteen sets of tires, consisting of thirteen 1975 experimental and production constructions and one ASTM skid test tire were used. Testing consisted of coasting at various speeds on three different road surfaces past microphones which were located at 25 and 50 feet from the vehicle centerline at ground level and 4 feet height. The major results were:
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Road Surface Macrotexture change (Portland cement, epoxy paint, and asphalt) exhibited greater noise variation than the difference between the 11 tire constructions, which included one snow tire, tested on the same surface.
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Load Variation from light (driver only) to maximum design load showed only small changes of up to 1 dBA for a particular car.
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Tire Wear may be a factor for the first 200 miles. After this break-in period, variation up to the tested 1000 miles is minor.
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Vehicle Speed has a major effect on tire noise; a 2 mph variation can result in up to 1 dBA change at medium speed.
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Tire Noise contribution can be significant in 1979 when the vehicle acceptance limit is 75 dBA in Florida and Oregon.
In summary, surface and speed effect is significant and has to be controlled precisely for repeatable results. In spite of the wide variety of tires which included the almost treadless skid tire and a snow tire, the tire noise variance averaged only 2.5 dBA. This indicates that noise reductions beyond 2 dBA for passenger car tires will be very difficult to achieve with changes in the tread design.
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Authors
Topic
Citation
Veres, R., "A Tire Noise Investigation and Test Method," SAE Technical Paper 760152, 1976, https://doi.org/10.4271/760152.Also In
References
- National Bureau of Standards “Truck Noise-I, Peak A-Weighted Sound Levels Due To Truck Tires.” Report No. PB-204 1970
- Fuller W. R. Potts R. L. “A Study of Automobile and Light Truck Tire/Pavement Interaction Noise Levels.” Final Draft to the Federal Highway Administration U. S. Department of Transportation August 1975
- Flanagan W. “Recent Studies Give Unified Picture of Tire Noise.” Automotive Engineering 80 4 April 1972
- Hillquist R. K. Carpenter P. C. “A Basic Study of Automobile Tire Noise.” Sound and Vibration February 1974
- Piercy J. E. Embleton J. E. “Effect of Ground of Near-Horizontal Sound Propagation.” Society of Automotive Engineers Paper 740211 March 1974
- Veres R. E. Lawther J. M. Henry J.J. “The Use of Tire Noise as a Measure of Pavement Macrotexture.” Surface Texture and Standard Surfaces Symposium at the Annual Meeting of ASTM Washington, D. C. June 23-28 1974
- Hillquist R. K. “An Experiment for Relating Objective and Subjective Assessments of Truck Tire Noise.” Published in SP-373 “Truck Tire Noise,” New York Society of Automotive Engineers Paper 720928 1972
- ASTM Standard Method of Test E 274-70 “Skid Resistance of Paved Surfaces Using a Full Scale Tire.” 1970
- Veres R. E. “Pavement Macrotexture Characterization By Tire Noise.” Automotive Research Program The Pennsylvania State University June 1974
- Schonfeld R. “Photo-Interpretation of Pavement Skid Resistance in Practice.” 52nd Annual Meeting, Highway Research Board 1974
- Lawther J. M. Henry J.J. “Characterization of Pavement Macrotexture by Profile Spectral Analysis.” The U.S. Department of Commerce National Bureau of Standards June 1974
- Gillespie T. D. “Pavement Surface Characteristics and Their Correlation with Skid Resistance.” M. S. Thesis The Pennsylvania State University 1963
- Flaccus R. W. “The Skid Number Gradient as Related to Road Surface Parameters.” M. S. Thesis The Pennsylvania State University