This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Biomechanics and Its Application to Automotive Design P-49 - A Continuing Engineering Education Course developed by SAE Automobile Body Activity, Passenger Protection Committee
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Citation
"Biomechanics and Its Application to Automotive Design P-49 - A Continuing Engineering Education Course developed by SAE Automobile Body Activity, Passenger Protection Committee," SAE Technical Paper 730413, 1973, https://doi.org/10.4271/730413.Also In
References
- Stapp J. P. “Human Tolerance to Severe, Abrupt Acceleration” Gravitational Stress in Aerospace Medicine Gauer O. H. Zuidema G. D. Boston Little, Brown and Co. 1961 165 188
- Stapp J. P. “Voluntary Human Tolerance Levels.” Impact Injury and Crash Protection Gurdjian E. S. Lange W. A. Patrick L. M. Thomas L. M. Springfield, Ill. Charles C. Thomas, Publisher 1970 308 349
- Huelke D. F. “The Second Collision.” Traffic Safety Magazine National Safety Council 1966 18 21
- Snyder R. G. Snow C. C. Young J. W. Crosby W. M. Price G. T. “Pathology of Trauma Attributed to Restraint Systems in Crash Impacts.” Aerospace Medicine 39 1968 8 812 829 Sixth Scientific Session, Joint Committee on Aviation Pathology Ottawa, Canada September 1967
- Lasky I. I. Siegel A. W. Nahum A. M. “Automotive Cardio-Thoracic Injuries: A Medical-Engineering Analysis.” Paper 680052 SAE Automotive Engineering Congress Detroit January 1968
- Bierman H. R. Wilder, R. M. Jr. Hellems H. K. “The Physiological Effects of Compressive Forces on the Torso.” Naval Medical Research Institute Bethesda, Md. December 1946
- Coburn K. R. “Physiological Endpoints in Acceleration Research.” Aerospace Medicine 41 1 January 1970 5 11
- Hiatt E. P. “Principles of Safety Monitoring of Hazardous Research on Acceleration Utilizing Human Subjects.” National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council Washington, D.C. 1961
- Eiband A. M. “Human Tolerance to Rapidly Applied Acceleration: A Survey of the Literature.” National Aeronautics and Space Administration Washington, D.C. NASA Memo No. 5-19-59E June 1959
- Taylor E. R. “Biodynamics: Past, Present and Future.” 6571st Aeromedical Research Laboratory Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico March 1963
- Richmond D. R. Bowen I. G. White C. S. “Tertiary Blast Effects: Effects of Impact on Mice, Rats, Guinea Pigs and Rabbits.” Aerospace Medicine 32 9 September 1961 789 805
- Kornhauser M. Gold A. “Application of the Impact Sensitivity Method to Animate Structure.” Impact Acceleration Stress: A symposium National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council 1962 333 344
- Robbins W. A. Potter G. L. Lombard C. F. “The Influence of Support-Restraint in Survival from +G X and +G Z Impacts Using an LD 50 Criterion with Guinea Pig Subjects.” Aerospace Med. Assoc. Bal Harbor, Fla. May 1968 147 149
- Roberts V. L. Aston R. “Pharmacological Alterations of Vibration Tolerance.” Annual Scientific Meeting Aerospace Medical Association Washington, D.C. April 1967
- Lombard C. F. Close P. Theide F. C. Larmie F. “Impact Tolerance of Quinea Pigs Related to Orientation and Containment.” Aerospace Medicine 35 1 January 1964 1 6
- Life J. S. McCoy L. E. Brian M. Pince V. W. “Comparative Response of Live, Anesthetized and Dead, Embalmed Organisms Exposed to Impact Stressing, Phase II. The Rhesus Monkey.” Space/Defense Corp. Birmingham, Mich. May 1967
- Clarke T. D. Sprouffske J. F. Muzzy W. H. Graff C. D. Klopfenstein H.S. Bendixon C. D. “Experimental Impact Tests in Progress 6571st Aeromedical Research Laboratory Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico 1970
- Synder R. G. “State-of-the-Art: Human Impact Knowledge.” 1970 International Automobile Safety Conference Compendium (P-30), Paper 700398 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1970 SAE Transactions 79 1970
- Bean J. W. Beckman D. L. “Centrogenic Pulmonary Pathology in Mechanical Head Injury.” Journal of Applied Physiology 27 6 December 1969 807 812
- Beckman D. L. “Mechanisms of Pulmonary Involvement in Head Injury.” 1971
- Severy D. Brink H. “Auto-Pedestrian Collision Experiments.” Paper 660080 SAE Automotive Engineering Congress Detroit January 1966
- Ernst C. B. Snyder R. G. Van Eck P. J. “The Biomechanics of Restraint System Injuries.” Proceedings, 4th International Congress of Traffic Medicine Paris Sept. 16 1972 International Microfilm J. of Legal Medicine 1972
- Gurdjian E. S. Cheng L. K. Thomas L. M. “Analysis of 207 Cases of Hyperextension-Hyperflexion Injuries of the Neck and Head.”
- O'Neil B. Haddon, W. Jr. Kelley A. B. Sorenson W. W. “Automobile Head Restraints: Frequency of Neck Injury Insurance Claims in Relation to the Presence of Head Restraints.” Insurance Institute for Highway Safety Washington, D.C. September 1971
- Snyder R. G. Chaffin D. B. Foust D. Baum J. “Bioengineering Study of Basic Physical Measurements Related to Susceptibility to Cervical Hyperextension-Hyperflexion Injury.” 1972
- Gell C. F. “Table of Equivalents for Acceleration Terminology: Recommended for General International Use by the Acceleration Committee of the Aerospace Medical Panel, AGARD.” Aerospace Medicine 32 12 December 1961 1109 1111
- Snyder R. G. “Impact.” NASA Bioastronautics Data Book Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office October 1972
- Patrick L. M. Mertz H. J. “Human Tolerance to Impact.” Human Anatomy, Impact Injuries and Human Tolerances 29 Huelke D. F. New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1970 90 103
- Chandler R. F. National Bureau of Standards Washington, D.C. 1970
- Ruff S. “Brief Acceleration: Less than One Second.” German Aviation Medicine-World War II Department of the Air Force Washington, D.C. 1950
- Ruff S. 1942
- Geertz A. FAA, Aeromedical Center Aug. 30 1946 1944
- Henschke U. Andrews A. H. 1945
- Richter H. Bateman J. B. Lovelace W. R. Baldes C. J. Wulff V. J. “Ejection Experiments with the Catapult Seat.” 1945
- Schrenk O. et al. “Studies on the Catapult Seat.” Technische Berichte 8 1941 24 30
- Stapp J. P. “Effects of Mechanical Force on Living Tissues. 1. Abrupt Deceleration and Windblast.” J. Aviation Med. 26 4 August 1955 268 288
- Beeding, E. L. Jr. Hessberg, R. Jr. “Daisy Track Tests 271-337.” Feb. 4 May 4 1958
- Swearingen J. J. Garner J. D. McFadden E. B. Blethrow J. G. “Human Voluntary Tolerance to Vertical Impact.” Aerospace Medicine 31 1960 12 989
- Holcomb G. A. Huheey M. “A Minimal Compression Fracture of T-3 as a Result of Impact.” National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council Washington, D.C. 1962
- Klopfenstein H. W. “Compression Fracture of the Seventh Thoracic Vertebra Caused by Experimental Impact: A Case Report.” 40th Annual Aerospace Medical Association Scientific Meeting San Francisco May 1969
- Stapp J. P. “Human Exposures to Linear Deceleration. Part I. Preliminary Survey of Aft-facing Seated Position.” Air Force Technical Report 5915 June 1949
- Beeding, E. L. Jr. “Human Forward-facing Impact Tolerance.” Aerospace Medicine 32 3 March 1961 220
- Beeding, E. L. Jr. “Daisy Track and Supporting System.” HADC Technical Memo June 1957
- Chandler R. F. “The Daisy Decelerator.” 6571st Aeromedical Research Laboratory Holloman AFB, New Mexico May 1967
- Ryan J. J. “Reduction in Crash Forces.” Fifty Stapp Automotive Crash and Field Demonstration Conference Minneapolis University of Minnesota Center for Continuing Study 1962 48 89
- Piotrowski J. P. “The Effects of Low Level Subinjury Impacts on the Heart Rates of Humans.” State University of New York Buffalo January 1968
- Mertz, H. J. Jr. “Kinematics and Kinetics of Whiplash.” Wayne State University 1967
- Patrick L. M. “Human Tolerance to Impact-Basis for Safety Design.” SAE Transactions 74 1966 paper 650171
- Ewing C. L. Thomas D. J. Patrick L. M. Beeler G. W. Smith M. J. “Living Human Dynamic Response to -G X Impact Protection. II. Accelerations Measured on the Head and Neck.”
- Ewing C. L. Thomas D. J. “Human Head and Neck Response to Impact Acceleration.” Army-Navy Joint Report Naval Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory August 1972
- Zabrowski A. B. “Human Tolerance to Lateral Impact with Lap Belt Only.” 8th Stapp Car Crash Conference Proceedings Detroit Wayne State University Press 1966
- Taylor E. R. “Problems and Techniques of Human Sled Subject Selection.” 6571st Aeromedical Research Laboratory Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico March 1963
- Kulowski J. “Crash Injuries.” Springfield, Ill. Charles C. Thomas, Publisher 1960
- “Accident Facts,” 1972 Edition Chicago National Research Council 1972 6
- DeHaven H. “Mechanical Analysis of Survival in Falls from Heights of Fifty to One Hundred Fifty Feet.” War Medicine 2 1942 586
- DeHaven H. Petry R. M. “Information Accident No. 7.” Crash Injury Research Cornell University Medical College 1948
- Snyder R. G. “A Case of Survival of Extreme Vertical Impact in Seated Position.” Federal Aviation Administration Oklahoma City CARI Report 62-19 1962
- Snyder R. G. “Human Tolerances to Extreme Impacts in Free-Fall.” Aerospace Medicine 34 8 August 1963 695 709
- Snyder R. G. “Terminal Velocity Impacts into Snow.” Military Medicine 131 10 October 1966 1290 1298
- Snyder R. G. “Survival of High Velocity Free-falls in Water.” Civil Aeromedical Research Institute, Federal Aviation Administration Oklahoma City CARI Report 64-12 April 1965
- Snyder R. G. “Human Tolerance Limits in Water Impact.” Aerospace Medicine 36 1965 10 940 947
- Snyder R. G. Snow C. C. “Fatal Injuries Resulting from Extreme Water Impact.” Aerospace Medicine 38 8 August 1968 779 783
- Snyder R. G. “Impact Injury Tolerances of Infants and Children in Free-falls.” Proceedings, American Association of Automotive Medicine, The University of Minnesota Highway Safety Research Institute, The University of Michigan May 1970 131 164
- Snyder R. G. “Man's Survivability of Extreme Forces in Free-fall Impact.” Proceedings AGARD Conference on Linear Acceleration of Impact Type North Atlantic Treaty Organization Neuilly-sur-Seine, France 1971
- Beckman D. L. Palmer M. F. Roberts V. L. “Thoracic Force-Deflection Studies in Living and Embalmed Primates.” American Society of Medical Engineers Fourth Annual Biomechanics Conference June 1970
- Carothers C. O. et al. “The Elasticity and Strength of Some Long Bones of the Human Body.” Naval Medical Research Institute Bethesda, Md. Oct. 13 1949
- Calabrisi P. Smith F. C. “Effects of Embalming on the Compressive Strength of Compact Human Bone.” Naval Medical Research Institute Bethesda, Md. February 1951
- Gurdjian E. S. Webster J. E. “The Mechanism and Management of Injuries of the Head.” J. AMA 134 1947 1072 1076
- Gurdjian E. S. Lissner H. R. Patrick L. M. “Protection of the Head and Neck in Sports.” J. AMA 182 1962 309 512
- Roberts V. L. Lissner M. R. “A Correlation Between Cadaver and In-Vivo Results.” Proceedings Eighth Stapp Car Crash Conference Detroit Wayne State University Press 1966 134 136
- McElhaney J. H. Fogle J. Byars E. Weaver G. “The Effect of Embalming on the Mechanical Properties of Beef Bone.” J. Applied Physiology 19 1964 6
- Sedlin E. D. Hirsch C. “Factors Affecting the Determination of the Physical Properties of Femoral Cortical Bone.” Acta Orth. Scand. 37 1966 1 24
- Huelke D. F. “Biomechanical Studies of the Face.” Impact Acceleration Stress National Academy of Science/National Research Council 1962 131 133
- Hodgson V. R. Lange W. A. Talwalker R. K. “Injury to the Facial Bones.” Ninth Stapp Car Crash Conference Minneapolis University of Minnesota 1966
- Gurdjian E. S. Lissner H. R. Webster J. E. “The Mechanism of Production of Linear Skull Fracture.” Surgery, Gynecology & Obstetrics
- Gurdjian E. S. Gonzales D. Hodgson V. R. Thomas L. M. Greenberg S. W. “Comparisons of Research in Inanimate and Biologic Material: Artifacts and Pitfalls.” Crash Injury and Crash Protection Springfield, Ill. Charles C. Thomas, Publisher 1970 234 253
- Stech E. L. Payne P. R. “The Effect of Age on Vertebral Braking Strength, Spinal Frequency and Tolerance to Acceleration in Human Beings.” Frost Engineering Development Corp. Denver January 1963
- Crosby W. M. Snyder R. G. Snow C. C. Hanson P. G. “Impact Injuries in Pregnancy. I. Experimental Studies.” Am. J. Ob. Gyn. 101 1 May 1968 100 110
- Greenberg S. W. Gonzalez D. Gurdjian E. S. Thomas L. M. “Changes in Physical Properties of Bone Between the In-Vivo, Freshly Dead, and Embalmed Conditions.” Proceedings of Twelfth Stapp Car Crash Conference (P-26), paper 680783 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1968
- Cooke F. W. Nagel D. A. “Biomechanical Analysis of Knee Impact.” Proceedings of Thirteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference (P-28), paper 690800 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1969 SAE Transactions 78 1969
- Life J. S. Pince B. W. Brian M. Gesink J. W. Heberlein P. J. “Comparative Response of Live-Anesthetized and Dead-Embalmed Organisms Exposed to Impact Stressing. Phase I. The Squirrel Monkey.” Space Defense Corp. Birmingham, Mich. Sept. 16 1966
- Life J. S. Pince B. W. “Comparative Response of Small and Medium Sized Primates (both Live and Embalmed) to Impact Stress.” Proceedings of Eleventh Stapp Car Crash Conference (P-20), paper 670916 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1967 SAE Transactions 76
- Life J. S. McCoy L. E. Brian M. Pince B. W. “Comparative Response of Live-Anesthetized and Dead-Embalmed Organisms Exposed to Impact Stressing. Phase III. The Rhesus Monkey.” Space Defense Corp. Birmingham, Mich. May 1967
- Nahum A. M. Kroell C. K. Gadd C. W. Schneider D. C. “Deflection of the Human Thorax under Sternal Impact.” 1970 International Automobile Safety Conference Compendium (P-30), paper 700400 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1970
- Patrick L. M. Kroell C. K. Mertz, H. J. Jr. “Forces on the Human Body in Simulated Crashes.” Proceedings Ninth Stapp Car Crash Conference Cragun M. K. Minneapolis University of Minnesota 1966
- Patrick L. M. Mertz, H. J. Jr. Kroell C. K. “Cadaver Knee, Chest and Head Impact Loads.” Proceedings of Eleventh Stapp Car Crash Conference (P-20), paper 670913 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1967 SAE Transactions 76
- Kulowski J. “Acute Crash Motorist Injuries of the Spine-Pelvic-Femur.” Crash Injuries Springfield, Ill. Charles C. Thomas, Publisher 1960 336 363
- Snyder R. G. Chaffin D. B. Schutz R. K. “Link System of the Human Torso.” Aerospace Medical Research Laboratories Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 1972
- Bushnell D. “Origin and Operation of the First Holloman Track, 1949-1956.” I History of Tracks and Track Testing Air Force Missile Development Center 1956
- Ommaya A. K. Yarnell P. Hirsch A. E. Harris E. H. “Scaling of Experimental Data on Cerebral Concussion in Subhuman Primates to Concussion Threshold for Man.” Proceedings of Eleventh Stapp Car Crash Conference (P-20), paper 670906 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1967
- McElhaney J. H. Stalnaker R. L. Roberts V. L. Snyder R. G. “Door Crashworthiness Study.” U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Safety Bureau Fifteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference Proceedings (P-39), paper 710864 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1971 SAE Transactions 80 1971
- Hertzberg H. T. E. “The Anthropology of Anthropometric Dummies.” Proceedings of Thirteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference (P-28), paper 690805 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1969
- Severy D. M. “Human Simulations for Automotive Research.” SP-266 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. January 1965
- Snyder R. G. Young J. W. Snow C. C. Hanson P. “Seat Belt Injuries in Impact.” The Prevention of Highway Injury Highway Safety Research Institute, The University of Michigan 1967
- Starkey J. Young J. Alderson S. W. Cichowski W. G. Sobkow, W. J. Jr. Korg M. T. Horn W. D. “The First Standard Automotive Crash Dummy.” SAE Transactions 78 1969 paper 690213
- Bloom A. Cichowski W. G. Roberts V. L. “Sophisticated Sam, A New Concept in Dummies.” Paper 680031 SAE Automotive Engineering Congress Detroit January 1968
- Alderson S. W. “The Development of Anthropometric Test Dummies to Match Specific Human Responses to Accelerations and Impacts.” Proceedings of Eleventh Stapp Car Crash Conference (P-20), paper 670908 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1967
- Naab K. N. “Measurement of Detailed Inertial Properties and Dimensions of a 50th Percentile Anthropomorphic Dummy.” Proceedings of Tenth Stapp Car Crash Conference (P-12), paper 660795 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1966
- Maté P. I. Popp L. E. “Third Generation of Automotive Test Dummies.” Proceedings of Fourteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference (P-33), paper 700908 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1970
- “Anthropomorphic Test Device for Dynamic Testing-SAE J963 .” Report of SAE Automotive Safety Committee June 1968 SAE Handbook
- Chandler R. F. Chirstion R. A. “Comparative Evaluation of Dummy Performance Under -G X Impact.” Proceedings of Thirteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference (P-28), paper 790798 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1969
- Searle J. A. Haslegrave C. M. “Anthropometric Dummies for Crash Research.” Motor Industry Research Association Bulletin 1969 25 30
- McConville J. T. Churchill E. “Source Data for the Design of Simulated Human Body Forms.” Public Health Service 1966
- Clauser C. McConville J. T. Young J. W. “Weight, Volume and Center of Mass of Segments of the Human Body.” Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 1970
- Swearingen J. J. Badgley J. M. Braden G. E. Wallace T. F. “Determination of Centers of Gravity of Infants.” Proceedings of Annual Meeting Aerospace Medical Association 1969 235 236
- Daniels G. S. “The Average Man?” Wright Air Development Center Dayton, Ohio December 1952
- Schwartz M. “Comparative Study of Body Displacements in Both Humans and Anthropomorphic Dummies when Simultaneously Subjected to Controlled Vertical Impact Type Decelerations.” Department of the Navy, Naval Air Development Center Johnsville, Pa. April 1968
- Young J. W. Wilson D. Ford Motor Co. Dearborn, Mich. 1967
- Grant J. C. B. “A Method of Anatomy.” Baltimore The Williams and Wilkins Co. 8th 1971 19
- Todd Pyle “A Quantitative Study of the Vertebral Column by Direct and Roentgenoscopic Techniques.” American J. Physical Anthropology XII 1928 2 321 338
- Brinn J. “Hazard Indices and Their Relationship to Anthropomorphic Dummies Paper 720441 Second International Conference on Passive Restraints Detroit May 1972 SAE
- “A Dummy from Ogle.” Automotive Design Engineering 10 October 1971
- Kohara J. Sugi T. “Development of Biomechanical Manikins for Measuring Seat Comfort.” Paper 720006 SAE Automotive Engineering Congress Detroit January 1972
- States J. D. “The Abbreviated and the Comprehensive Research Injury Scales.” Proceedings of Thirteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference (P-28), paper 690810 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1969 SAE Transactions 78 1969
- DeHaven H. “The Site, Frequency and Dangerousness of Injury Sustained by 800 Survivors of Light Plane Accidents.” Crash Injury Research of Cornell University Medical College New York July 1952
- Ryan G. A. Garnett J. W. “A Quantitative Scale of Impact Injury.” Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory, Inc. October 1968
- Van Kirk D. J. Lange W. A. “A Detailed Injury Scale for Accident Investigation.” Proceedings of Twelfth Stapp Car Crash Conference (P-26), paper 680781 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1968 SAE Transactions 77 1968
- Mackay G. M. “Injury and Collision Severity.” Proceedings of Twelfth Stapp Car Crash Conference (P-26), paper 680779 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1968 SAE Transactions 77 1968
- Campbell E. O. “Injury Scale Research.” Traffic Injury Research Foundation Ottawa, Canada 1969
- Wilson R. A. “Evaluating Knee-to-Instrument Panel Impacts.” (Appendix: Injury Severity Categories) Proceedings of Thirteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference (P-28), paper 690801 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1969 SAE Transactions 78 1969
- Hasbrook A. H. Maccri S. Piazza M. H. “IBM Code Headings for Recording Crash Injury and Survival Data from Lightplane and Helicopter Accidents.” Aviation Crash Injury Research of Cornell University August 1958
- Nahum A Siegel A. Hight P. Brooks S. “Lower Extremity Injuries of Front Seat Occupants.” Paper 680483 SAE Mid-Year Meeting Detroit May 1968
- Fenner H. A. American Medical Association 1972
- Siegel A. W. “The Vehicle Deformation Index: A Report from the International Ad Hoc Committee for Collision Deformation and Trauma Indices.” Trauma Research Group, UCLA School of Medicine and UCLA School of Engineering and Applied Science 1969
- National Research Council “Summary Report of a Workshop on Trauma.” Committee on the Skeletal System, Division of Medical Science Washington, D.C. Oct. 10-12 1968
- Kornhauser M. “Prediction and Evaluation of Sensitivity to Transient Accelerations.” J. Applied Medicine 21 1954 371
- Kornhauser M. “Impact Protection for the Human Structure.” Proceedings American Astronautical Society August 1958
- Kornhauser M. Lawton R. W. “Impact Tolerance of Mammals.” Fourth Symposium on Ballistic Missle and Space Technology August 1959
- Kornhauser M. “Theoretical Prediction of the Effect of Rate-of-Onset on Man's G-Tolerance.” Aerospace Medicine 32 1961 5 412 421
- Aerospace Medical Research Laboratories “Impact Acceleration Limits.” United States Air Force April 1967
- Lissner H. R. Lebow M. Evans F. G. “Experimental Studies in the Relation Between Acceleration and Intracranial Pressure Changes in Man.” Surgery, Gynecology & Obstetrics 111 1960 329 338
- Patrick L. M. “Human Tolerance to Impact-Basis for Safety Design.” SAE Transactions 74 1966 paper 650171
- Patrick L. M. “Prevention of Instrument Panel and Windshield Head Injuries.” The Prevention of Highway Injury Selzer M. L. Gikas P. W. Huelke D. F. Ann Arbor Highway Safety Research Institute, The University of Michigan 1967
- Slattenschek A. 70 7 July 1968 233 241
- Gadd C. W. “Use of a Weighted Impulse Criterion for Estimating Injury Hazard.” Proceedings of Tenth Stapp Car Crash Conference (P-12), paper 660793 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1966
- Brinn J. Staffeld S. E. “Evaluation of Impact Test Accelerations. A Damage Index for the Head and Torso.” Proceedings of Fourteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference (P-33), paper 700902 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1970
- Stalnaker R. L. McElhaney J. H. “Driving Point Impedence Characteristics of the Head.” ASME Paper No. 70-BHF-14 1970
- Taylor E. R. “Biodynamics: Past, Present and Future.” 6571st Aeromedical Research Laboratory Holloman AFB, New Mexico 1963
- Golomb S. W. “Mathematical Models-Uses and Limitations.” Astronautics and Aeronautics January 1968 57 59
- Thomas L. M. “Mechanism of Head Injury.” Impact Injury and Crash Protection Springfield, Ill. Thomas Charles C.
- Rieser R. G. Chabal J. Lewis C. W. “Low Velocity Impacts and Temperature Sensitivity of Automotive Windshield.” Proceedings of Fifteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference 39 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1971
- Plumat E. R. Van Latherm R. Baudin P. “Non-lacerating Glass Windshields-A New Improved Approach.” Proceedings of Fifteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference 39 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1971 SAE Transactions 80 1971
- Gardner E. Gray D. J. O'Rahilly R. “Anatomy.” Philadelphia Saunders 1960 812
- Evans F. G. “Significant Differences In the Tensile Strength of Adult Human Compact Bone.” Proceedings of the First European Bone and Tooth Symposium New York Pergamon Press 1964 319 331
- Thomas L. M. Hodgson V. R. “Injuries of the Skull.” Neurological Surgery Youmans J. R. Philadelphia Saunders
- Hodgson V. R. “Effects of Blow Location to the Heads of Stumptail Monkeys.” 1972
- Hodgson V. R. Brinn J. Thomas L. M. Greenberg S. W. “Fracture Behavior of the Skull Frontal Bone Against Cylindrical Surfaces.” Proceedings of Fourteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference 33 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1970
- “Breaking Strength of the Human Skull vs. Impact Surface Curvature.” U.S. Department of Transportation June 1971
- Gurdjian E. S. Webster J. E. “Head Injuries-Mechanism, Diagnosis and Management.” Boston Little, Brown and Co. 1958
- Gurdjian E. S. “Prevention and Mitigation of Head Injury from Antiquity to the Present.” International Conference on Traumatology Buenos Aires August 1972
- Hodgson V. R. Thomas L. M. Prasad P. “Testing the Validity and Limitation of the Severity Index.” Proceedings of Fourteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference 33 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1970 SAE Transactions 79 1970
- Gadd C. W. “Use of a Weighted-Impulse Criterion for Estimating Injury Hazard.” Proceedings of Tenth Stapp Car Crash Conference 12 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1966
- Department of Transportation Occupant Crash Protection-Head Injury Criterion
- Department of Transportation Occupant Crash Protection-Head Injury Criterion
- Department of Transportation Occupant Crash Protection-Head Injury Criterion
- Slattenschek A. Tauffkirchen W. “Critical Evaluation of Assessment Methods for Head Impact Applied in Appraisal of Brain Injury Hazard, in Particular in Head Impact on Windshields.” 1970 International Automobile Safety Conference Compendium 30 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1970
- Brinn J. Staffeld S. “Evaluation of Impact Test Accelerations.” Proceedings of Fourteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference 33 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1970
- Fan W. R. S. “A Technique for determining Head Impact Severity Index.” Ford Motor Co. Automotive Safety Affairs Office Report No. S-71-9 Feb. 16 1971
- Stalnaker R. L. McElhaney J. H. Roberts V. L. “MSC Tolerance Curve for Head Impacts.” ASME Paper November 1971
- Walker A. E. “Mechanisms of Cerebral Trauma and the Impairment of Consciousness.” Neurological Surgery Youmans Y. R. Philadelphia Saunders
- Gadd C. W. “Suggested Usage of Severity Index.” Report to SAE Performance Criteria Subcommittee March 8 1972
- Herman R. I. Garrett A. W. “A Study of Occupant Injury and Glass Damage Associated with the High Penetration Resistant Windshield.” Cornell Aeronautical Lab., Inc. Buffalo, New York 1970
- Smith G. R. Hurite S. S. Yanik A. J. Geer C. R. “Human Volunteer Testing of GM Air Cushions.” Second International Conference on Passive Restraints Detroit May 1972
- Nelson W. D. “Lap-Shoulder Restraint Effectiveness in the United States.” SAE Automotive Engineering Congress Detroit January 1971
- Nahum A. M. Gatts J. D. Gadd C. W. Danforth J. “Impact Tolerance of the Face.” Proceedings of Twelfth Stapp Car Crash Conference 26 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1968
- Greenberg S. W. Gonzalez D. Gurdjian E. S. Thomas L. M. “Changes in Physical Properties of Bone Between the Invivo Freshly Dead and Embalmed Conditions.” Proceedings of Twelfth Stapp Car Crash Conference 26 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1968
- McElhaney J. H. Stalnaker R. L. Roberts V. L. “Biomechanical Aspects of Head Injury.” General Motors Human Impact Response Symposium October 1972
- American National Standards Specifications for Protective Head Gear for Vehicular Users
- Hodgson V. R. Thomas L. M. “Biomechanical Study of Football Head Impacts Using a Human Cadaver.” Final Report prepared for National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment 1972
- Patrick L. M. et al. “Survival by Design-Head Protection.” Seventh Stapp Car Crash Conference Proceedings Springfield, Ill. Thomas Charles C. 1963
- Hodgson V. R. Thomas L. M. “The Effect of Long Duration Impact on the Head.” Proceedings of Sixteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference 39 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1972
- Stapp J. P. “Voluntary Human Tolerance Levels.” Impact Injury and Crash Protection Springfield, Ill. Thomas Charles C. 1970 308
- Gurdjian E. S. Webster J. E. Lissner H. R. “Observations on the Mechanism of Brain Concussion, Contusion and Laceration.” Surgery, Gyn and Ob. 101 December 1955 680 690
- Hirsh A. E. Ommaya A. K. Mahone R. M. “Tolerance of Sub-Human Primate Brain to Cerebral Concussion.” Department of the Navy, Naval Ship Research and Development Center Washington, D.C. August 1968
- Hirsch A. E. Ommaya A. K. “Protection from Brain Injury: A Relative Significance of Translational and Rotational Motions of the Head After Impact.” Proceedings of Fourteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference 33 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1970
- Gennarelli T. A. Ommaya A. K. Thibault L. E. “Comparison of Translational and Rotational Head Motions in Experimental Cerebral Concussion.” Proceedings of Fifteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference 39 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1971 797
- McElhaney J. H. Stalnaker R. L. Roberts V. L. Snyder R. G. “Door Crash Worthiness Criteria.” Proceedings of Fifteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference 39 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1971 SAE Transactions 80 1971
- Siegel A. W. Wagoner W. T. Nahum A. M. ‘“Case Comparison of Restrained and Unrestrained Occupants in Related Injury Patterns.” Paper 690245 SAE Automotive Engineering Congress Detroit January 1969
- Hickling R. Wenner M. L. “Mathematical Model of a Head Subjected to Axisymmetric Impact.” Research Laboratories General Motors Corp. August 1972
- Haut R. C. Gadd C. W. Madeira R. G. “A Non-linear Viscoelastic Model for Head Impact Injury Hazard.” Proceedings of Sixteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference 45 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1972
- Wood J. L. “Dynamic Response of Human Cranial Bone.” Journal of Biomechanics 4 1 January 1971
- Melvin J. W. Evans F. G. “A Strain Energy Approach to the Mechanics of Skull Fracture.” Proceedings of Fifteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference 39 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1971
- Versace J. “A Review of the Severity Index.” Proceedings of Fifteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference 39 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1971
- States, J. D. Balcerak, J. C. Williams, J. S. Morris, A. Babcock, W. Polvino, R. Riger, P. Dawley, R. E. “Injury Frequency and Head Restraint Effectiveness in Rear-End Impact Accidents,” SAE 720967 , 16th Stapp Car Crash Conference November 8-10 1972
- States, J. D. “Trauma Evaluation Needs,” Proceedings of Human Impact Response Symposium GM Research Laboratories October 2-3 1972
- Bohlin, N.I. “A Statistical Analysis of 28,000 Accident Cases with Emphasis on Occupant Restraint Value,” SAE 670925 , 11th Stapp Car Crash Conference October 1967
- Patrick, L. M. Grime, G. “Applications of Human Tolerance Data to Protective Systems,” Impact Injury and Crash Protection Charles C. Thomas 1970
- Gray, H. “The Anatomy of the Human Body,” 26th Lea & Febiger Philadelphia 1955
- Grant, J. C. B. “An Atlas of Anatomy,” 5th The Williams and Wilkins Co. Baltimore 1962
- James, J. M. Hooshmand, H. “Injuries of Cervical Spine,” Mayo Clinic Proc. 40 353 369 May 1965
- Davis, A. G. “Injuries of the Cervical Spine,” JAMA 127 3 January 1945
- Gay, J. R. Abbott, K. H. “Common Whiplash Injuries of the Neck,” JAMA 152 18 August 1953
- States, J. D. “Injuries of the Musculoskeletal System,” Human Anatomy, Impact Injuries, and Human Tolerances, SAE 700195 January 1970
- Buonocore, E. Hartman, J. T. Nelson, C. L. “Cineradiograms of Cervical Spine in Diagnosis of Soft-Tissue Injuries,” JAMA 198 1 October 3 1966
- Mertz, H. J. Patrick, L. M. “Strength and Response of the Human Neck,” SAE 710855 , 15th Stapp Car Crash Conference November 1971
- Mertz, H. J. Patrick L. M. “Investigation of the Kinematics and Kinetics of Whiplash,” SAE 670919 , 11th Stapp Car Crash Conference October 1967
- Ewing, C. L. Thomas, D. J. Patrick, L. M. Beeler, G. W. Smith, H. J. “Living Human Dynamic Response to -G x Impact Acceleration II Accelerations Measured on the Head and Neck,” SAE 690817 , 13th Stapp Car Crash Conference December 1969
- Ewing, C. L. Thomas, D. J. “Human Head and Neck Response to Impact Acceleration,” NAMRL Monograph 21 August 1972
- States, J. D. “Trauma Evaluation Needs,” Proceedings of the Symposium on Human Impact Response,” General Motors Research Laboratories October 1972
- Mertz, H. J. Neathery, R. F. Culver, C. C. “Performance Requirements and Characteristics of Mechanical Necks,” Proceedings of the Symposium on Human Impact Response General Motors Research Laboratories October 1972
- Nahum A. M. Siegel A. W. Brooks S. “The Changing Panorama of Collision Injury.” Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics 133 1971 783
- Kihlberg J. K. “Multiplicity of Injury in Automobile Accidents in Impact Injury and Crash Protection.” Springfield, Ill. Charles C. Thomas 1970 5
- Drummond D. S. Craig R. C. Dow E. “Non-Penetrating Thoracic Trauma: A Statistical Survey and Analysis.” Canad. J. Surg. 9 1966 332
- Bassett J. S. Gibson R. D. Wilson R. F. “Blunt Injuries to the Chest.” J. Trauma 8 1968 418
- Ashbaugh D. G. Peters G. N. Halgrimson G. G. Owens J. C. Waddell W. R. “Chest Trauma.” Arch. Surg. 95 1967 546
- Anderson I. Halkier E. “Closed Injuries of the Thorax.” Acta Chir. Scand. Supp. 332 1964 32
- Voight G. E. Wilfert K. “Mechanisms of Injuries to Unrestrained Drivers in Head-on Collisions.” SAE Transactions 78 1969 paper 690811
- Heberer G. “Ruptures and Aneurysms of the Thoracic Aorta After Blunt Chest Trauma.” J. Cardiovasc. Surg. 12 1971 115
- Parmley L. F. Manion W. C. Mattingly T. W. “Non-Penetrating Traumatic Injury of the Heart.” Circulation 18 1958 371
- Kroell C. K. Patrick L. M. “A New Crash Simulator and Biomechanics Research Program.” Proc. eighth Stapp Car Crash Conf. 1964 185
- Patrick L. M. Kroell C. K. Mertz H. J. “Forces on the Human Body in Simulated Crashes.” Proc. ninth Stapp Car Crash Conf. 1965 237
- Patrick L. M. Mertz H. J. Kroell C. K. “Cadaver Knee, Chest and Head Impact Loads.” SAE Transactions 76 paper 670913
- Voight G. E. Lange W. “Simulation of Head-on Collision with Unrestrained Front Seat Passengers and Different Instrument Panels.” Proc. fifteenth Stapp Car Crash Conf. 39 paper 710683 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1971
- Voight G. E. Wilfert K. “Mechanisms of Injuries to Unrestrained Drivers in Head-on Collisions.” SAE Transactions 78 1969 paper 690811
- Nahum A. M. Gadd C. W. Schneider D. C. Kroell C. K. “Deflection of the Human Thorax Under Sternal Impact.” 1970 Intl. Auto. Safety Conf. Compendium 30 paper 700400 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1970
- Kroell C. K. Schneider D. C. Nahum A. M. “Impact Tolerance and Response of the Human Thorax.” Proc. fifteenth Stapp Car Crash Conf. 39 paper 710851 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1971
- Vulcan A. P. “Response of the Lower Vertebral Column to Caudocephalad Acceleration.” Wayne State University 1969
- Brinkley J. 6570th Aerospace Medical Research Labs. Wright Patterson AFB Ohio
- Glaister D. H. “The Effects of Acceleration of Short Duration.” A Textbook of Aviation Physiology Fillies J. A. 746 794 Oxford Pergamon Press 1965
- Watts D. T. Mendelson E. S. Hunter H. N. Kornfield A. T. Poppen J. R. “Tolerance to Vertical Acceleration Required for Seat Ejection.” Aviation Med. 18 1947 554 564 616 618
- Eiband A. M. “Human Tolerance to Rapidly Applied Accelerations: A Summary of the Literature.” NASA Memo 1959
- Watts D. T. Mendelson E. S. Hunter H. N. “Evaluation of a Fact Curtain and Arm Rests for Use on Ejection Seats.” Naval Air Material Command 1947
- Ruff S. “Brief Acceleration: Less than one second.” German Aviation Med. World War II 1950
- Perey O. “Fracture of the Vertebral End Plate in the Lumbar Spine.” Acta Ortho. Scand., Suppl. 25 1957
- Brown T. Hansen R. J. Yorra A. J. “Some Mechanical Tests on the Lumbosacral Spine with Particular Reference to the Intervertebral Discs.” J. Bone Jt. Surg. 1957 1135 1164
- Evans F. G. Lissner H. R. “Biomechanical Studies on the Lumbar Spine and Pelvis.” J. Bone Jt. Surg. 41A 1959 278 290
- Roaf R. “A Study of the Mechanics of Spinal Injuries.” J. Bone Jt. Surg. 42B 1960 810 823
- Hirsch C. “The Reaction of Intervertebral Discs to Compression Forces.” J. Bone Jt. Surg. 37A 1955 1188 1196
- Nachemson A. “The Load on Lumbar Discs in Different Positions of the Body.” Clin. Orthop. 45 1966 107 122
- Crocker J. F. Higgins L. S. “Phase IV-Investigation of Strength of Isolated Vertebrae.” Final Technical Report, Contract No. NASW-1313 Technol. Inc. San Antonio, Texas 1966
- Patrick L. M. “Caudo-cephaled Static and Dynamic Injuries.” Proc. of Fifth Stapp Automative Crash Conf. Minneapolis Univ. of Minnesota 1962
- Evans F. G. Lissner H. R. Patrick L. M. “Acceleration-induced Strains in the Intact Vertebral Column.” J. Appl. Physiol. 17 1962 405 409
- Hodgson V. R. Lissner H. R. Patrick L. M. “Response of the seated Human Cadaver to Acceleration and Jerk With and Without Seat Cushions.” Hum. Factors 6 1963 505 523
- King A. I. Vulcan A. P. Cheng L. K. “Effects of Bending on the Vertebral Column of the Seated Human During Cuadocephalad Acceleration.” Proc. of 21st Annual Conf. on Engineering in Med. and Biol. 1968
- Vulcan A. P. King A. I. Nakamura G. S. “Effects of Bending on the Vertebral Column During +G z Acceleration” Aerospace Med. 41 1970 294 300
- Ewing C. L. King A. I. Prasad P. “Structural Considerations of the Human Vertebral Column Under +G z Impact Acceleration.” J. of Trauma 9 1 January 1972 84 90
- Kazarian L. E. Hahn J. W. von Gierke H. E. “Biomechanics of the Vertebral Column and Internal Organ Response to Seated Spinal Impact in the Rhesus Monkey (Macaca Mulatta).” Proc. of 14th Stapp Car Crash Conf. 33 paper 700898 New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1970
- Bondurant S. “Optimal Elastic Characteristics of Ejection Seat Cushions for Safety and Comfort.” WADC Technical Note 58-260 1958
- King A. I. Vulcan A. P. “Elastic Deformation Characteristics of the Spine.” J. Biomechanics 4 1971 413 429
- McElhaney J. Roberts V. “Mechanical Properties of Cancellous Bone.” AIAA Paper 71-111 1971
- Stech E. L. “The Variability of Human Response to A-celeration in the Spinal Direction.” Frost Engineering Dev. Corp. 1963
- Payne P. R. “The Dynamics of Human Restraint Systems.” Impact Acceleration Stress 1962 195 257
- Vulcan A. P. King A. I. “Forces and Moments Sustained by the Lower Vertebral Column of a Seated Human During Seat-to-Head Acceleration.” “Dynamic Response of Biomechanical Systems,” ASME 1970 84 100
- Evans F. G. Lissner H. R. “Studies on Pelvic Deformations and Fractures.” Anat. Rec. 121 1955 141 166
- Fasola A. F. Baker R. C. Hitchcock F. A. “Anatomical and Physiological Effects of Rapid Deceleration.” WADC Tech. Report Wright-Patterson Air Force Base Ohio 1955 54 218
- Braunstein P. W. Moore J. O. Wade P. A. “Preliminary Findings of the Effect of Automotive Safety Design on Injury Patterns.” Surg. Gyn. & Obstet. 105 1957 257 263
- U. S. Dept. of Transportation Fed. Aviation Admin. “FAA Statistical Handbook of Aviation,” 1968 240
- Dehner J. R. “Seat Belt Injuries of the Spine and Abdomen.” Am. J. of Roentgenography, Radium Therapy and Nuclear Med. 3 4 April 1971 833 843
- Chance G. Q. “Note on Type of Flexion Fracture of Spine.” Brit. J. of Radiol. 21 1948 452 453
- Snyder R. G. et al. “Seat Belt Injuries in Impact.” The Prevention of Highway Injury Slezer M. L. et al. Highway Safety Research Inst., Univ. of Michigan 1967 188 210
- Steckler R. M. Epstein J. A. Epstein B. S. “Seat Belt Trauma to the Lumbar Spine: An Unusual Manifestation of the Seat Belt Syndrome.” J. of Trauma 9 1969 6 508 513
- Garrett J. W. Braunstein P. W. “Seat Belt Syndrome.” J. of Trauma 2 1962 220 237
- Perry J. F. McClellan R. J. “Autopsy Findings in 127 Patients Following Fatal Traffic Accidents.” Surg., Gynecology & Obstet. 119 1964 586 590
- Hamilton J. B. “Seat-belt Injuries.” Brit. M. J. 1968 485 486
- Nelson W. D. “Lap-Shoulder Restraint Effectiveness in the United States.” Paper 710077 SAE Automotive Engineering Congress Detroit January 1971
- Bohlin N. I. “A Statistical Analysis of 28,000 Accident Cases with Emphasis on Occupant Restraint Value.” SAE Transactions 76 paper 670925
- Conolly W. B. Hedberg E. A. “Observations on Fractures of the Pelvis.” J. of Trauma 9 2 1969 104 111
- Levine J. I. Crampton R. S. “Major Abdominal Associated with Pelvic Fractures.” Surg., Gyn. & Obstet. February 1963
- Patrick L. M. Kroell C. K. Mertz, H. J. Jr. “Forces on the Human Body in Simulated Crashes.” Proc. of 9th Stapp Car Crash Conf. Minneapolis Univ. of Minn. 1966
- Snyder R. G. “Human Impact Tolerance.” SAE Transactions 79 1970 paper 700398
- Symposium on Biodynamic Models and Their Applications Aerospace Med. Res. Lab., Aerospace Med. Div., Air Force Systems Com. WPAFB Ohio 45433 December 1971
- “Integrated Seat and Occupant Restraint Performance,” CAL Report No. YB-2499-V-1 September 1967
- Johnson, P. R. Wiltse, W. E. “Front Structural Strength as It Affects Occupant Injury-Reduction and Survival,” Proceedings of the General Motors Automotive Safety Seminar Milford, Michigan July 11-12 1968
- “The Injury-Producing Automobile Accident: A Primer of Facts and Figures,” Automotive Crash Injury Research of Cornell University August 1961
- McHenry, R. R. Segal, D. J. DeLeys, N. J. “Computer Simulation of Single Vehicle Accidents,” Proceedings of the 11th Stapp Car Crash Conference Anaheim, California October 10-11 1967
- McHenry, R. R. “Development of a Computer Program to Aid the Investigation of Highway Accidents,” CAL Report No. VJ-2979-V-I December 1971
- Emori, R. I. “Analytical Approach to Automobile Collisions,” SAE Paper No. 680016 , Automotive Engineering Congress Detroit January 8-12 1968
- Severy, D. M. Mathewson, J. H. Siegel, A. W. “Automobile Side-Impact Collisions, Series II,” Society of Automotive Engineers 1962
- Miller, P. M. Mayor, R. P. “Basic Research in Automobile Crashworthiness - Summary Report,” Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory CAL Report No. YB-2684-V-6 October 1969
- Mason, R. P. Whitcomb, D. W. “The Estimation of Accident Impact Speed,” CAL Report No. 86-311 June 1972
- Mayor, R. P. Naab, K. N. “Basic Research in Automobile Crashworthiness - Testing and Evaluation of Modifications for Side Impact,” Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory CAL Report No. YB-2684-V-3 October 1969
- Mate, P. I. Popp, L. E. “Third Generation of Automotive Test Dummies,” Proceedings of Fourteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference Ann Arbor, Michigan November 17-18 1970
- Piziali, R. A. “An Assessment of the Dynamic Performance Characteristics of Anthropomorphic Test Devices and Means for Specifying Them,” CAL Report No. FA-5018-V-I September 1972
- McAdams, H. T. “The Repeatability of Dummy Performance,” Symposium on Human Impact Response Measurement and Simulation General Motors Research Laboratories Warren, Michigan October 2-3 1972
- Moore, J. O. Tourin, B. “A Study of Automobile Doors Opening Under Crash Conditions,” ACIR Cornell University Medical College August 1 1954
- Tourin, B. “Ejection and Automobile Fatalities,” Public Health Reports 73 5 May 1958 381 391
- Schwimmer, S. Wolf, R. A. “Preliminary Ranking of Injury Causes in Automobile Accidents,” Proceedings of the Fifth Stapp Conference University of Minnesota September 14-16 1961
- Huelke, D. F. Gikas, P. W. “Ejection - The Leading Cause of Death in Automobile Accidents,” Proceedings of the 10th Stapp Car Crash Conference (SAE) Holloman Air Force Base November 8-9 1966
- Lundstrom, L. C “The Safety Factor in Automotive Design,” SAE Paper No. 660539 Los Angeles August 8-11 1966
- McHenry, R. R. “Analysis of the Dynamics of Automobile Passenger-Restraint Systems,” Proceedings of the Seventh Stapp Car Crash Conference Playa del Rey, California November 11 1963
- Grime, G. “Safety Cars - Principles Governing the Design of Cars and Safety Devices,” Road Research Laboratory Report No. 8 1966
- Egli, Adolf “Stopping the Occupant of a Crashing Vehicle - A Fundamental Study,” SAE Paper No. 670038 January 9-13 1967
- Kaufman, H. Larson, D. B. “Calculation of Deceleration Waveforms Using Optional Control Theory,” Proceedings of the First International Conference on Vehicle Mechanics Wayne State University Detroit July 16-18 1968
- Moore, D. F. Larson, D. B. “Minimization of Occupant Injury by Optimum Front-End Design,” 1970 FISITA International Automobile Safety Conference Detroit May 13-15 1970
- Renneker, Dennis N. “A Basic Study of ‘Energy-Absorbing’ Vehicle Structure and Occupant Restraints by Mathematical Model,” SAE Automotive Safety Dynamic Modeling Symposium Anaheim, California October 12 1967
- Martin, D. E. Kroell, C. K. “Vehicle Crush and Occupant Behavior,” SAE Paper No. 670034 Detroit January 9-13 1967
- Willich, J. H. “Investigation of Motor Vehicle Safety Belts with a Test Dummy and a Catapult Seat,” Automobiltechnische Zeitschrift 64 12 352 357 1962
- Grime, G. “Seat Harness,” Automobile Engineer 53 1 12 18 January 1963
- Hedeen, C. E. Campbell, D. D. “Side Impact Structures,” Proceedings of the General Motors Automotive Safety Seminar July 11-12 1968
- Severy, D. M. Brink, H. M. Baird, J. D. “Collision Performance, LM Safety Car,” Proceedings of Mid-Year Meeting of Society of Automotive Engineers May 1967 SAE No. 670458
- Shoemaker, N. E. “Study of Human Kinematics in a Rolled-Over Automobile,” Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory Report No. YM-1246-D-1 June 30 1959
- Klove, E. H. Ropers, G. W. “Roof and Windshield Header Construction,” Proceedings of the General Motors Corporation Automotive Safety Seminar Milford, Michigan July 11-12 1968
- Mertz, H. J. “Car Occupant Responses to Rear-End Collisions - A Mathematical Model,” Proceedings of the First International Conference on Vehicle Mechanics Wayne State University Detroit July 16-18 1968
- Severy, D. M. Brink, H. M. Baird, J. D. “Backrest and Head Restraint for Rear-End Collision Protection,” Paper No. 680079 , SAE Automotive Engineering Congress Detroit January 1968
- Bartz, J. A. “A Three-Dimensional Computer Simulation of a Motor Vehicle Crash Victim,” CAL Report No. VJ-2978-V-I July 1971
- Bartz, J. A. “Validation of a Three-Dimensional Mathematical Model of the Crash Victim,” Symposium on Human Impact Response Measurement and Simulation General Motors Research Laboratories Warren, Michigan October 2-3 1972
- Patrick L. M. Lissner H. R. Gurdjian E. S. “Survival by Design - Head Protection” Seventh Stapp Car Crash Conference Proceedings 1965
- Nahum A. M. Gatts J. D. Gadd G. W. Danforth J. “Impact Tolerance of the Skull and Face” Paper # 680785 , Proceedings of Twelfth Stapp Car Crash Conference New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1968
- Schneider D. C. Nahum A. M. “Impact Studies of Facial Bones and Skull” Sixteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference Proceedings, Paper # 720965 186 203 1972
- Bohlin N. I. “A Statistical Analysis of 28,000 Accident Cases with Emphasis on Occupant Restraint Value” Eleventh Stapp Car Crash Conference Proceedings SAE 1967 299 308
- Grime G. “The Effectiveness of Car Seat Belts” International Road Safety and Traffic Review XI 3 Summer 1963 World Touring and Automobile Organisation London England
- U.S. Department of Transportation “Passive Protection at 50 Miles Per Hour” The Second International Conference on Passive Restraints May 22-25 1972 Carter Robert L.
- Lundstrom, L. C. “The Safety Factor in Automotive Design” Society of Automotive Engineers West Coast Meeting August 1966