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Parameter Study of Biomechanical Quantities in Analytical Neck Models
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English
Abstract
A parameter study is performed involving several analytical vehicle occupant models in current use, with investigation of neck representations a primary goal. Side, oblique, and rear impact situations are investigated. Attention is given to the effects of varying head-neck mass and moments of inertia, anthropometry, muscle strength, and location, as well as well as strength, of motion-limiting “stops.” A model that replaces the conventional simple ball-joint neck with a two-joint, extensible neck is studied. This model also makes use of joint-stop ellipses to approximate the anatomical range for relatively free angular motion at a joint. Allowance is made for the effect of muscle contraction on occupant dynamics as a function of the degree of voluntary or involuntary tightening of the muscles, based upon experimental findings. A discrete parameter neck model that treats the cervical spine as a linkage of rigid vertebrae and massless, deformable discs is discussed briefly. It is determined that, besides being extensible and having at least two joints, three-dimensional neck representations should account for coupling between the forces resisting the three possible rotational motions-yaw, pitch, and roll-that can occur between the head and the torso.
Authors
Citation
Bowman, B. and Robbins, D., "Parameter Study of Biomechanical Quantities in Analytical Neck Models," SAE Technical Paper 720957, 1972, https://doi.org/10.4271/720957.Also In
References
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