This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Combustion and Emission Formation in the Stirling Engine with Exhaust Gas Recirculation
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The combustion and emission formation in continuous combustion burners have been studied both theoretically and experimentally.
The theoretical study is concerned with the combustion and emission formation in idealized sprays in quiescent air. The effects of the spray rotation and the air axial and radial velocities have been examined. A model has been developed for the emission formation in an actual Stirling engine. This model showed that the incomplete combustion products are primarily formed in the heterogeneous eddies zone near the burner walls. In this region, surface combustion takes place. The nitric oxide is primarily formed in the premixed-eddies zone where microvolume combustion is believed to take place.
The experimental results deal with the effect of diluting the charge by using excess air or exhaust-gas recirculation on performance and emissions. The emissions measured are the nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, and carbon. The tests were conducted at 5 and 8 hp.
The effect of residence time in air preheater on the different emissions has been assessed. It was shown that the increase in residence time was effective at light loads and low air-fuel ratios in reducing exhaust emissions. Exhaust-gas recirculation was effective in reducing the nitric oxide emissions up to approximately 40 % recirculation. However, the thermal efficiency of the Stirling engine decreases with the increase in the percentage exhaust-gas recirculation.
Authors
Topic
Citation
Davis, S., Henein, N., and Lundstrom, R., "Combustion and Emission Formation in the Stirling Engine with Exhaust Gas Recirculation," SAE Technical Paper 710824, 1971, https://doi.org/10.4271/710824.Also In
References
- Fristrom R. M. Westenberg A. A. “Flame Structure.” New York McGraw-Hill 1965 350 351
- Cornelius W. Wade W. R. “The Formation and Control of Nitric Oxide in a Regenerative Gas Turbine Burner.” SAE Transactions 79 1970 paper 700708
- Cornelius W. Stivender R. L. Sullivan R. E. “A Combustion System for a Vehicular Regenerative Gas Turbine Featuring Low Air Pollutant Emissions.” General Motors Corp., Res. Publ. GMR-692 1967
- Huls T. A. Nickol H. A. “Influence of Engine Variables on Exhaust Oxides of Nitrogen Concentrations from a Multicylinder Engine.” Paper 670482 SAE Mid-Year Meeting Chicago May 1967
- Starkman E. Newhall H. “Characteristics of the Expansion of Reactive Gas Mixtures.” SAE Transactions 74 1966 paper 650509
- “Evaporation of Spray Droplets in the Absence of Flame.” Semi-Annual Progress Report, Project Squid April 1 1952
- Lamb G. G. “Vaporization and Combustion of Multi-component Fuel Droplets,” Semi-Annual Progress Report, Project Squid April 1 1953
- Schalla R. L. Thomas T. P. McDonald G. E. “Formation and Combustion of Smoke in Laminar Flames.” NACA Report 1186 1954
- Hiett G. F. Powell G. F. “Three-Dimensional Probe for Investigation of Flow Patterns.” The Engineer 213 1 1962 165 170
- Newhall H. K. Shahed S. M. “Kinetics of Nitric Oxide Formation in High-Pressure Flames,” Thirteenth Symposium on Combustion Salt Lake City August 1970
- Eltinge L. Marsee F. J. Warren A. J. “Potentials of Further Emissions Reduction by Engine Modifications.” SAE Transactions 77 1968 paper 680123
- Brownson D. A. Stebar R. F. “Factors Influencing the Effectiveness of Air Injection in Reducing Exhaust Emissions.” SAE Progress in Technology 12 “Vehicle Emissions-Part II New York Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1968
- Brokaw R. S. Bittker D. A. “Carbon Monoxide Oxidation Rates Computed for Automobile Exhaust Manifold Reactor Conditions,” NASA, Lewis Research Center 1971
- Zeldovich Y. B. Sadovnikov P. Y. Frank-Kamenetskii D. A. “Oxidation of Nitrogen in Combustion.” Academy of Sciences Moscow-Leningrad 1947
- Lavoie G. A. Heywood J. B. Keck J. C. “Experimental and Theoretical Study of Nitric Oxide Formation in Internal Combustion Engine.” Combustion Science and Technology I 1970 313 326
- Starkman E. S. Mizutani Y. Sawyer R. F. Teixeira D. P. “The Role of Chemistry in Gas Turbine Emissions,” ASME Paper 70-GT-81 1970
- Henein N. A. “Combustion and Emission Formation in Fuel Sprays Injected in Swirling Air.” Paper 710220 SAE Automotive Engineering Congress Detroit January 1971
- Lienesch J. H. Wade W. R. “Stirling Engine Progress Report: Smoke, Odor, Noise and Exhaust Emissions.” SAE Transactions 77 1968 paper 680081