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School Bus Passenger Protection
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English
Abstract
This paper contains findings from the first series of comprehensive school bus collision experiments. Three full-scale collision experiments involving a school bus were conducted using research techniques and engineering methodology designed to provide realistic and objective findings relating to school bus passenger safety. The experiments conducted were: A head-on collision between two fully loaded, moderate-sized school buses, each traveling 30 mph; a stationary bus rear-ended by a passenger car traveling 60 mph; a stationary bus impacted on its right side by a passenger car traveling 60 mph.
The following categories relating to passenger injury causation were studied: location and type of impact, structural integrity of vehicles, vehicle size, seat design, type of restraint or force moderator, type of safety glass, passenger size, standing versus seated passengers, passenger kinematics and interactions, forces sustained by passengers, and many related factors.
Electronic instrumentation consisted of 61 transducers positioned in the anthropometric dummy passengers, on the safety belts, and on the vehicles to record accelerations and forces during collision. Photographic instrumentation included thirty-three high speed motion picture cameras and special photographic devices that were arranged within, around, and above the colliding vehicles to provide detailed observation of all aspects of these collision experiments.
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Authors
- Derwyn M. Severy - Institute of Transportation and Traffic Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles
- Harrison M. Brink - Institute of Transportation and Traffic Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles
- Jack D. Baird - Institute of Transportation and Traffic Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles
Citation
Severy, D., Brink, H., and Baird, J., "School Bus Passenger Protection," SAE Technical Paper 670040, 1967, https://doi.org/10.4271/670040.Also In
References
- Severy D. M. “Application of Collision Research Findings to School Bus Passenger Safety.” Transactions National Safety Council October 1964 78 81
- LaBelle D. J. “Barrier Collision and Related Impact Sled Tests on Buses in Intercity Service.” Seventh Stapp Car Crash Conference -- Proceedings Severy D. M. Charles C Thomas Springfield, Ill. 1965 46 53
- Severy D. M. Mathewson J. H. Siegel A. W. “Automobile Head-On Collisions, Series II.” SAE Transactions 67 1959 238 262
- Severy D. M. Mathewson J. H. Siegel A. W. “Automobile Side-Impact Collisions, Series II.” SAE Preprint 491A, SP-232 1962
- Severy D. M. “Engineering Studies of Motorist Injury Exposures from Rear-End Collisions.” National Academy of Engineering Proceedings Washington, D. C. April 1966
- Severy D. M. “Human Simulation for Automotive Research.” SAE SP-266 January 1965
- Severy D. M. Brink H. M. “Safety Glass Breakage by Motorists During Collision.” Ninth Stapp Car Crash Conference -- Proceedings University of Minnesota Minneapolis 1966 226 234
- Little Arthur D. “The State of the Art of Traffic Safety.” A Critical Review and Analysis of Technical Information on Factors Affecting Traffic Safety, prepared for Automobile Manufacturers Association, Inc. June 1966 624