Researchers are under pressure to investigate and discover ways to improve the efficacy and reduce emissions from ICE due to the depletion of energy resources and the growing concern over global warming. Hydrogen is viewed as a promising fuel and has been investigated as a potential fuel in combustion because to several desirable qualities like carbon-less content and strong flammability limitations. When equated to other alternative fuels like LPG, CNG, LNG, etc., hydrogen has inimitable qualities because it lacks carbon, making it one of the promising alternatives fuels.
In order to achieve zero CO2 emissions for traffic applications in the near future, hydrogen being an automotive fuel in ICE is a solution. The ICE powered by hydrogen is prepared for that. The actual drawbacks of using hydrogen in ICE generally are manufacturing, storage, and development of the requisite infrastructure. Hydrogen can be produced in its many forms. Hydrogen storage is a significant barrier to the utilization of this renewable fuel; hence its transportation and storage are being researched. For ICE, hydrogen can be a fuel, and its required adaptations for the current ICE are currently being researched.
The characteristics and various fuel properties of a hydrogen ICE are studied. This study aims to comprehend the worldwide scenario of hydrogen and its emerging demand in the automobile market. The various challenges of using hydrogen as a fuel in India are identified, the possibility of on-site production of hydrogen and the pros and cons of using hydrogen as an ICE fuel are reviewed in this paper.