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Greenhouse Gas Reduction from EnviroKool Piston in Lean Burn Natural Gas and Diesel Dual Fuel Heavy Duty Engine
Technical Paper
2022-37-0004
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
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English
Abstract
Heavy-duty (HD) internal combustion engines (ICE) have achieved quite high brake thermal efficiencies (BTE) in recent years. However, worldwide GHG regulations have increased the pace towards zero CO2 emissions. This, in conjunction with the ICE reaching near theoretical efficiencies means there is a fundamental lower limit to the GHG emissions from a conventional diesel engine. A large factor in achieving lower GHG emissions for a given BTE is the fuel, in particular its hydrogen to carbon ratio. Substituting a fuel like diesel with compressed natural gas (CNG) can provide up to 25% lower GHG at the same BTE with a sufficiently high substitution rate. However, any CNG slip through the combustion system is penalized heavily due to its large global warming potential compared to CO2. Therefore, new technologies are needed to reduce combustion losses in CNG-diesel dual fuel engines. In this paper, Tenneco’s EnviroKool® piston technology is evaluated as a mechanism to increase combustion chamber temperatures and to reduce combustion losses in a lean burn CNG-diesel dual fuel engine. The EnviroKool piston has a unique cooling gallery design which allows the piston surface temperature to increase by an estimated 100 °C relative to a standard steel piston. A fumigated CNG and diesel direct injected 13 L engine was used which operates with reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI) at low to mid loads, and a pilot dual fuel strategy at mid to high loads. The EnviroKool piston provided a 3.6% reduction in GHG over the European Stationary Cycle (ESC) by both reducing combustion losses and allowing for a higher CNG substitution rate. The final engine demonstration including the EnviroKool pistons reached as low as 379 g/hp-hr brake specific GHG over the ESC.
Topic
Citation
Bitsis, D., "Greenhouse Gas Reduction from EnviroKool Piston in Lean Burn Natural Gas and Diesel Dual Fuel Heavy Duty Engine," SAE Technical Paper 2022-37-0004, 2022, https://doi.org/10.4271/2022-37-0004.Also In
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