Design of a Laboratory Sampling System for Brake Wear Particle Measurements
Technical Paper
2022-01-1179
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
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Language:
English
Abstract
Brake wear is one of the dominant sources of traffic-related particulate matter
emissions and is associated with various adverse environmental and health
hazards. To address this issue, the UNECE mandated the Particle Measurement
Program to develop a harmonized methodology for sampling and measuring brake
wear particles with a full-flow sampling tunnel on a brake dynamometer. Here we
present the design of a novel, fully PMP compliant sampling tunnel. The
dimensions and general layout of the tunnel are based on minimization of
super-micron particle losses and consideration of space limitations in
brake-dynamometer setups as well as the need for efficient utilization of the
test facilities (reduced testing times). Numerical calculations suggested that
the critical section of the system is the sampling train from the sample probes
to the instrumentation inlet/filter holder. An optimal sampling train flow of
~10 l/min was identified and formed the basis for the design of a dedicated PM
sampler. The developed sampling tunnel was subsequently used to test a reference
brake system on a fully electric brake dynamometer. Dedicated tests verified
that the produced brake-wear particles are properly mixed and the flow profile
stabilized at the sampling plane. Measured PM and PN emissions were found to
agree within ±20 % to levels determined in two previous campaigns where the same
brake system was tested with the same instrumentation. Considering the vastly
different enclosure and sampling tunnel designs employed at these test
facilities, the good agreement observed further verifies the findings of the
numerical analysis indicating the sampling train as the most critical section in
brake-wear particle measurements.
Authors
Citation
Mamakos, A., Huber, M., Arndt, M., Reingruber, H. et al., "Design of a Laboratory Sampling System for Brake Wear Particle Measurements," SAE Technical Paper 2022-01-1179, 2022, https://doi.org/10.4271/2022-01-1179.Also In
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