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Effect of NO 2 on Gas-Phase Reactions in Lean NO x /NH 3 /O 2 /H 2 O Mixtures at Conditions Relevant for Exhaust Gas Aftertreatment
Technical Paper
2021-01-5005
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
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Automotive Technical Papers
Language:
English
Abstract
This combined numerical simulation and experimental study focuses on the effect of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in strong diluted oxygen-rich NOx/NH3/O2/H2O gas mixtures representative at exhaust gas aftertreatment in diesel engines. Conversion of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and ammonia (NH3) and the change of the NO/NO2 and NH3/NOx ratios were analyzed by means of comparison between experimental measurements and kinetic simulations. Homogeneous gas-phase experiments have been carried out in a special countercurrent continuous flow reactor at intermediate temperature (473-923 K) and elevated pressure up to 5 bar. In the simulation with an ideal plug-flow model, the occurring reactions in the gas mixture were calculated. To explain the observations, a reactions flow analysis was also performed. The experimental and modeling results revealed that despite a high NH3 conversion, the NOx concentration stays nearly constant in the presence of NO2. The NO2 reduction by amino (NH2) radicals producing NO was found to be the temperature-dependent chain-branching step between the competitive NO and NO2 reduction reactions. The kinetic modeling results show that the experimentally observed higher NH3 conversion at elevated pressure is a superposition of the direct effect of the elevated pressure and the effect of the pressure-caused longer residence time at a constant mass flow rate. The NO/NO2 and NH3/NOx ratios are significantly changing with temperature increase by the elevated pressure. The observed changes of the gas mixture composition, especially of the NO/NO2 and NH3/NOx ratios due to homogeneous gas-phase reactions, will consequently influence the efficiency of NOx conversion catalysts in the exhaust gas aftertreatment systems. Therefore, a numerical prediction of the gas-phase reactions between the injection point of the urea-water solution and the inlet of the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst could contribute to the further development of the dosage strategy of the urea-water solution in SCR systems, when operated close to the engine or even upstream the turbocharger.
Authors
- Anna Bertótiné Abai - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- Deniz Zengel - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- Corina Janzer - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- Lubow Maier - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- Matthias Olzmann - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- Olaf Deutschmann - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Topic
Citation
Bertótiné Abai, A., Zengel, D., Janzer, C., Maier, L. et al., "Effect of NO2 on Gas-Phase Reactions in Lean NOx/NH3/O2/H2O Mixtures at Conditions Relevant for Exhaust Gas Aftertreatment," SAE Technical Paper 2021-01-5005, 2021, https://doi.org/10.4271/2021-01-5005.Data Sets - Support Documents
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