This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Investigation of Flash Boiling Spray and Combustion in SIDI Engine under Low-Speed Homogeneous Lean Operation
Technical Paper
2021-01-0467
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
This content contains downloadable datasets
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Event:
SAE WCX Digital Summit
Language:
English
Abstract
Homogeneous lean combustion is expected to be a key technology to further improve the combustion and reduce emissions of spark-ignition direct-injection engines. The application of lean combustion is facing many challenges such as slow flame propagation and combustion fluctuations. Under severe operating conditions such as low-speed lean-burn conditions, the weak in-cylinder airflow worsens the fuel and air mixing yielding difficulties in stable flame kernel initiation and consequently deteriorating flame propagation. In this study, the effect of flash boiling spray on flame kernel generation, flame propagation, engine performance, and exhaust emissions of the spark ignition direct injection (SIDI) engine under homogenous lean-burn conditions are investigated. A single-cylinder four-stroke optical SIDI engine was used in this study. The in-cylinder flash boiling and subcooled sprays during engine operation were compared using the Mie scattering technique. The in-cylinder flame propagation was recorded using a high-speed camera and analyzed using a digital image processing model. The results reveal that both subcooled and flash boiling sprays have collapsed, but the liquid phase particle concentration intensity of the subcooled spray was higher compared with flash boiling spray, indicating a higher vaporization rate of the fuel droplets in the flash boiling case. Consequently, the air-fuel mixing is improved, and the wall-wetting and fuel-rich regions are reduced. The flame images and combustion analysis demonstrate that flash boiling spray can effectively improve the flame kernel initiation and accelerate flame propagation. Additionally, flash boiling lean-burn combustion showed higher in-cylinder pressure, more heat release, improved IMEP with advanced combustion phasing, and lower cyclic variation compared to subcooled case. The color model showed that the premixed flame was enhanced under the flash boiling spray. This study shows that flash boiling spray can be an effective method to improve combustion efficiency in homogenous lean-burn mode under low engine speed.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Sun, Z., Li, X., Nour, M., and Xu, M., "Investigation of Flash Boiling Spray and Combustion in SIDI Engine under Low-Speed Homogeneous Lean Operation," SAE Technical Paper 2021-01-0467, 2021, https://doi.org/10.4271/2021-01-0467.Data Sets - Support Documents
Title | Description | Download |
---|---|---|
Unnamed Dataset 1 |
Also In
References
- Gong , C. , Li , Z. , Yi , L. , and Liu , F. Experimental Investigation of Equivalence Ratio Effects on Combustion and Emissions Characteristics of an H2/Methanol Dual-Injection Engine under Different Spark Timings Fuel 262 116463 2020
- Gong , C. , Li , Z. , Sun , J. , and Liu , F. Evaluation on Combustion and Lean-Burn Limitof a Medium Compression Ratio Hydrogen/Methanol Dual-Injection Spark-Ignition Engine under Methanol Late-Injection Applied Energy 277 115622 2020
- Liu , L. , Li , Z. , and Shen , B. 2015
- Yu , X. , Yang , Z. , Yu , S. , Huo , X. et al. 2018
- Zhao , F. , Lai , M.C. , and Harrington , D.L. Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 25 5 437 562 1999
- Jacobson , M.Z. Strong Radiative Heating due to the Mixing State of Black Carbon in Atmospheric Aerosols Nature 409 6821 695 697 2001
- Alozie , N.S. , Peirce , D. , Lindner , A. , Winklmayr , W. , and Ganippa , L. 2014
- Xu , Z. , Zhang , Y. , Di , H. , and Shen , T. Combustion Variation Control Strategy with Thermal Efficiency Optimization for Lean Combustion in Spark-Ignition Engines Applied Energy 251 2019
- Jung , D. , Sasaki , K. , Sugata , K. , Matsuda , M. , Yokomori , T. , and Iida , N. 2017
- Yang , Z. , Yu , X. , Yu , S. , Chen , J. et al. Impacts of Spark Discharge Current and Duration on Flame Development of Lean Mixtures under Flow Conditions ASME 2018 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference, Volume 1: Large Bore Engines, Fuels, Advanced Combustion 2018
- Jung , D. , Sasaki , K. , and Iida , N. Effects of Increased Spark Discharge Energy and Enhanced In-Cylinder Turbulence Level on Lean Limits and Cycle-to-Cycle Variations of Combustion for SI Engine Operation Applied Energy 205 1467 1477 2017
- Tsuboi , S. , Miyokawa , S. , Matsuda , M. , Yokomori , T. , and Iida , N. Influence of Spark Discharge Characteristics on Ignition and Combustion Process and the Lean Operation Limit in a Spark Ignition Engine Applied Energy 250 617 632 2019
- Amrouche , F. , Erickson , P.A. , Park , J.W. , and Varnhagen , S. An Experimental Evaluation of Ultra-Lean Burn Capability of a Hydrogen-Enriched Ethanol-Fuelled Wankel Engine at Full Load Condition International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 41 42 19231 19242 2016
- Zhang , S. , Duan , X. , Liu , Y. , Guo , G. et al. Experimental and Numerical Study the Effect of Combustion Chamber Shapes on Combustion and Emissions Characteristics in a Heavy-Duty Lean Burn SI Natural Gas Engine Coupled with Detail Combustion Mechanism Fuel 258 Dec.15 116130.1-.14 2019
- Jung , D. , and Iida , N. An Investigation of Multiple Spark Discharge Using Multi-Coil Ignition System for Improving Thermal Efficiency of Lean SI Engine Operation Applied Energy 212 322 332 2018
- Xu , M. , Zhang , Y. , Zeng , W. , Zhang , G. , and Zhang , M. Flash Boiling: Easy and Better Way to Generate Ideal Sprays than the High Injection Pressure SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants 6 1 137 148 2013
- Yang , S. , Ma , Z. , Li , X. , Hung , D.L.S. , and Xu , M. A Review on the Experimental Non-Intrusive Investigation of Fuel Injector Phase Changing Flow Fuel 259 116188 2020
- Wang , Z. , Wang , B. , Jiang , C. , Xu , H. , and Badawy , T. Microscopic Characterization of Isooctane Spray in the near Field under Flash Boiling Condition Applied Energy 180 598 606 2016
- Guo , H. , Ma , X. , Li , Y. , Liang , S. et al. Effect of Flash Boiling on Microscopic and Macroscopic Spray Characteristics in Optical GDI Engine Fuel 190 79 89 2017
- Chang , M. , Lee , Z. , Park , S. , and Park , S. Characteristics of Flash Boiling and Its Effects on Spray Behavior in Gasoline Direct Injection Injectors: A Review Fuel 271 117600 2020
- Li , Y. , Guo , H. , Ma , X. , Qi , Y. et al. Morphology Analysis on Multi-Jet Flash-Boiling Sprays Under Wide Ambient Pressures Fuel 211 38 47 2018
- Gong , C. , Li , Z. , Yi , L. , Huang , K. , and Liu , F. Research on the Performance of a Hydrogen/Methanol Dual-Injection Assisted Spark-Ignition Engine Using Late-Injection Strategy for Methanol Fuel 260 116403 2020
- Gong , C. , Sun , J. , and Liu , F. Numerical Study of Twin-Spark Plug Arrangement Effects on Flame, Combustion and Emissions of a Medium Compression Ratio Direct-Injection Methanol Engine Fuel 279 118427 2020
- Dong , X. , Yang , J. , Hung , D.L.S. , Li , X. , and Xu , M. Effects of Flash Boiling Injection on In-Cylinder Spray, Mixing and Combustion of a Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection Engine Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 37 4 4921 4928 2019
- Yang , J. , Xu , M. , Hung , D.L.S. , Wu , Q. , and Dong , X. Influence of Swirl Ratio on Fuel Distribution and Cyclic Variation under Flash Boiling Conditions in a Spark Ignition Direct Injection Gasoline Engine Energy Conversion and Management 138 565 576 2017
- Song , J. , Lee , Z. , Song , J. , and Park , S. Effects of Injection Strategy and Coolant Temperature on Hydrocarbon and Particulate Emissions from a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine with High Pressure Injection up to 50 MPa Energy 164 512 522 2018
- Ye , C. , Sun , Z. , Cui , M. , Li , X. et al. Ultra-Lean Limit Extension for Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Application via High Energy Ignition and Flash Boiling Atomization Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 2020
- Sun , Z. , Ma , Z. , Li , X. , and Xu , M. 2019
- Sun , Z. , Ma , Z. , Li , X. , and Xu , M. Flame Emission Characteristics in a Direct Injection Spark Ignition Optical Engine Using Image Processing Based Diagnostics ASME 2018 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference, Volume 1: Large Bore Engines, Fuels, Advanced Combustion 2018
- Sun , Z. , Cui , M. , Nour , M. , Li , X. et al. Study of Flash Boiling Combustion with Different Fuel Injection Timings in an Optical Engine Using Digital Image Processing Diagnostics Fuel 284 119078 2021
- Aleiferis , P.G. , Malcolm , J.S. , Todd , A.R. , Cairns , A. , and Hoffmann , H. 2008
- Aleiferis , P.G. , Serras-Pereira , J. , Zv , R. , Caine , J. , and Wirth , M. Mechanisms of Spray Formation and Combustion from a Multi-hole Injector with E85 and Gasoline Combustion and Flame 157 4 735 756
- Xiao , D. , Qiu , S. , Hung , D. , Li , X. et al. condensation of Flash Boiling Sprays Impinging on a Cold Surface Fuel 2020
- Sun , Z. , Cui , M. , Ye , C. , Yang , S. et al. Split Injection Flash Boiling Spray for High Efficiency and Low Emissions in a GDI Engine Under Lean Combustion Condition Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 2020
- Sun , Z. , Yang , S. , Nour , M. , Li , X. et al. Significant Impact of Flash Boiling Spray on In-Cylinder Soot Formation and Oxidation Process Energy Fuels 34 8 10030 10038 2020
- Sun , Z. , Cui , M. , Nour , M. , Li , X. et al. Differences in Pool-Fire Induced Soot Production Between Subcooled Spray and Flash Boiling Spray in a DISI Engine Fuel 119453 2020
- Li , X. , Sun , Z. , Yang , S. , Wang , H. , and Nour , M. Flash Boiling Combustion of Isomeric Butanol and Gasoline Surrogate Blends Using Constant Volume Spray Chamber and GDI Optical Engine Fuel 286 part 1 119328 2021
- Nour , M. , Sun , Z. , Cui , M. , Yang , S. et al. Effect of Flash Boiling Injection on Combustion and PN Emissions of DISI Optical Engine Fueled with Butanol Isomers/TPRF Blends Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 2020
- Liu , J. , and Dumitrescu , C.E. Analysis of Two-Stage Natural-Gas Lean Combustion inside a Diesel Geometry Applied Thermal Engineering 114116 2019
- Liu , J. , and Dumitrescu , C.E. Methodology to Separate the Two Burn Stages of Natural-Gas Lean Premixed-Combustion Inside a Diesel Geometry Energy Conversion & Management 195 21 31 2019