This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Experimental and Numerical Investigations on Isolated, Treaded and Rotating Car Wheels
Technical Paper
2020-01-0686
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
This content contains downloadable datasets
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Wheels on passenger vehicles cause about 25% of the aerodynamic drag. The interference of rims and tires in combination with the rotation result in strongly turbulent wake regions with complex flow phenomena. These wake structures interact with the flow around the vehicle. To understand the wake structures of wheels and their impact on the aerodynamic drag of the vehicle, the complexity was reduced by investigating a standalone tire in the wind tunnel. The wake region behind the wheel is investigated via Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The average flow field behind the investigated wheels is captured with this method and offers insight into the flow field. The investigation of the wake region allows for the connection of changes in the flow field to the change of tires and rims. Due to increased calculation performance, sophisticated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations can capture detailed geometries like the tire tread and the movement of the rim. Therefore, the wake investigation via PIV is a usable basis to compare it to results of such new CFD simulation methods. In this research, the wind tunnel results are compared to a Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation in OpenFOAM. The rotation of the rim is modeled with a Sliding Mesh and the rotation of the grooves is modeled with a Multiple Reference Frame approach. To investigate correct geometries, the actual tire geometry under rotation is measured to be able to reproduce the experimental setup. The simulation results are compared to the wind tunnel data. The simulations offer further insight into the flow around wheels and their complex wake region.
Authors
Topic
Citation
Reiß, J., Sebald, J., Haag, L., Zander, V. et al., "Experimental and Numerical Investigations on Isolated, Treaded and Rotating Car Wheels," SAE Technical Paper 2020-01-0686, 2020, https://doi.org/10.4271/2020-01-0686.Data Sets - Support Documents
| Title | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Unnamed Dataset 1 |
Also In
References
- United Nations 2015 https://unfccc.int/files/essential_background/convention/application/pdf/english_paris_agreement.pdf
- Schütz , T. Hucho - Aerodynamik des Automobils. 6. Aufl. Cambridge Springer Vieweg 2013 144 9783834819192
- Wickern , G. , Zwicker , K. , and Pfadenhauer , M. Rotating Wheels - Their Impact on Wind Tunnel Test Techniques and on Vehicle Drag Results SAE Technical Paper 970133 1997 https://doi.org/10.4271/970133
- Fackrell , J.E. and Harvey , J.K. The Flow Field and Pressure Distribution of an Isolated Road Wheel Stephens , H.S. Advances in Road Vehicle Aerodynamics Cranfield BHRA Fluid Engineering 1973 155 163
- Cogotti , A. 1983 Aerodynamic Charactersitics of Car Wheels In Int. J. of Vehicle Design
- Mercker , E. , Breuer , N. , Berneburg , H. , and Emmelmann , H.J. On the Aerodynamic Interference due to the Rolling Wheels of Passenger Cars SAE Technical Paper 910311 1991 https://doi.org/10.4271/910311
- Potthoff , J. and Fiedler , R. Simulation der Raddrehung bei aerodynamischen Untersuchungen an Kraftfahrzeugen im Windkanal 1995
- Mears , A. 2004 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3124/
- Knowles , R. 2005 http://hdl.handle.net/1826/2058
- Wäschle , A. 2006
- Axerio , J. and Iaccarino , G. Asymmetries in the Wake Structure of a Formula 1 Tire Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Turbulence and Shear Flow Phenomena Seoul, Korea 2009 523 528
- Wittmeier , F. Ein Beitrag zur aerodynamischen Optimierung von PKW Reifen Wiesbaden Springer Vieweg 2014
- Schnepf , B. , Schütz , T. , and Indinger , T. Further Investigations on the Flow around a Rotating, Isolated Wheel with Detailed Tread Pattern SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars - Mech. Syst. 8 1 261 274 2015 https://doi.org/10.4271/2015-01-1554
- Haag , L. , Kiewat , M. , Indinger , T. , and Blacha , T. Numerical and Experimental Investigations of Rotating Wheel Aerodynamics on the DrivAer Model with Engine Bay Flow ASME 2017 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting, FEDSM 2017 1B-2017 2017
- Hobeika , T. and Sebben , S. CFD Investigation on Wheel Rotation Modeling Journal of Wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamics 241 251 2018 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2018.01.005
- Reiß , J. , Haag , L. , and Indinger , T. CFD Investigation on Fully Detailed and Deformed Car Tires International Journal of Automotive Engineering 10 4 324 331 2018-2019 https://doi.org/10.20485/jsaeijae.10.4_324
- Mack , S. , Indinger , T. , Adams , N. , and Unterlechner , P. The Ground Simulation Upgrade of the Large Wind Tunnel at the Technische Universität München SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-0299 2012 https://doi.org/10.4271/2012-01-0299
- Link , A. Analyse, Messung und Optimierung des aerodynamischen Ventilationswiderstands von Pkw-Rädern Wiesbaden Springer Vieweg 2018
- Islam , M. , Decker , F. , de Villiers , E. , Jackson , A. et al. Application of Detached-Eddy Simulation for Automotive Aerodynamics Development SAE Technical Paper 2009-01-0333 2009 https://doi.org/10.4271/2009-01-0333
- Vdovin , A. , Bonitz , S. , Landstrom , C. , and Lofdahl , L. Investigation of Wheel Ventilation-Drag Using a Modular Wheel Design Concept SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars - Mech. Syst. 6 1 308 315 2013 https://doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-0953
- Spalding , D.B. A Single Formula for the “Law of the Wall”; ASME J. Appl. Mech. 28 3 455 458 September 1961 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3641728
- Mlinaric , P. 2007 1652-8557
- Schnepf , B. 2016