This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Comparative Analysis between a Barrier Discharge Igniter and a Streamer-Type Radio-Frequency Corona Igniter in an Optically Accessible Engine in Lean Operating Conditions
Technical Paper
2020-01-0276
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
This content contains downloadable datasets
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Among plasma-assisted ignition technologies, the Radio-Frequency (RF) corona family represents an interesting solution for the ability to extend the engine operating range. These systems generate transient, non-thermal plasma, which is able to enhance the combustion onset by means of thermal, kinetic and transport effects. Streamer-type RF corona discharge, at about 1 MHz, ignites the air-fuel mixture in multiple filaments, resulting in many different flame kernels. The main issue of this system is that at high electrode voltage and low combustion chamber pressure a transition between streamer and arc easily occurs: in this case transient plasma benefits are lost. A barrier discharge igniter (BDI), supplied with the same RF energy input, instead, is more breakdown-resistant, so that voltage can be raised to higher levels. In this work, a streamer-type RF corona igniter and a BDI were tested in a single-cylinder optical engine fueled with gasoline. Combustion behavior was characterized at stable, near-stable and unstable conditions (depending on IMEP coefficient of variation), increasing the air-fuel ratio starting from a near-stoichiometric mixture. For each test point the maximum allowable electrode voltage for both the igniters was used: in the streamer-type corona case it had to be limited because of the arc transition. Both indicating and imaging analysis were carried out, the latter by means of a high-speed camera that records the natural luminosity of early flames. Raw exhaust gas analysis was carried out as well. Results in terms of cycle-to-cycle variability, combustion duration, pollutant emissions, flame radii evolution and flame growth speed, as well as flame probability presence, are presented. The outcomes of this research can improve the knowledge on streamer-type corona and BDI and can be used to assess the operating range for the control parameters of these igniters.
Authors
- Stefano Papi - Federal-Mogul Powertrain Tenneco Group
- Massimo Dal Re - Federal-Mogul Powertrain Tenneco Group
- Valentino Cruccolini - Universita degli Studi di Perugia
- Gabriele Discepoli - Universita degli Studi di Perugia
- Federico Ricci - Universita degli Studi di Perugia
- Luca Petrucci - Universita degli Studi di Perugia
- Carlo Grimaldi - Universita degli Studi di Perugia
Topic
Citation
Cruccolini, V., Discepoli, G., Ricci, F., Petrucci, L. et al., "Comparative Analysis between a Barrier Discharge Igniter and a Streamer-Type Radio-Frequency Corona Igniter in an Optically Accessible Engine in Lean Operating Conditions," SAE Technical Paper 2020-01-0276, 2020, https://doi.org/10.4271/2020-01-0276.Data Sets - Support Documents
| Title | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Unnamed Dataset 1 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 2 |
Also In
References
- Nakata , K. , Nogawa , S. , Takahashi , D. , Yoshihara , Y. et al. Engine Technologies for Achieving 45% Thermal Efficiency of S.I. Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 9 1 179 192 2015 https://doi.org/10.4271/2015-01-1896
- Johnson , T. Vehicular Emissions in Review SAE Int. J. Engines 7 3 1207 1227 2014 https://doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-1491
- Kim , Y. et al. 2018 10.4271/2018-01-1660
- Hayashi , N. , Sugiura , A. , Abe , Y. , and Suzuki , K. Development of Ignition Technology for Dilute Combustion Engines SAE Int. J. Engines 10 3 984 995 2017 https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-0676
- Abidin , Z. and Chadwell , C. Parametric Study and Secondary Circuit Model Calibration Using Spark Calorimeter Testing SAE Technical Paper 2015-01-0778 2015 https://doi.org/10.4271/2015-01-0778
- Zembi , J. , Mariani , F. , and Battistoni , M. Large Eddy Simulation of Ignition and Combustion Stability in a Lean SI Optical Access Engine SAE Technical Paper 2019-24-0087 2019 https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-24-0087
- Dale , J. Application of High Energy Ignition Systems to Engines Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 23 5-6 379 398 1997 10.1016/S0360-1285(97)00011-7
- Alger , T. et al. 2013 10.4271/2013-01-1628
- Yang , Z. , Yu , X. , Yu , S. , Han , X. et al. Effects of Spark Discharge Energy Scheduling on Flame Kernel Formation under Quiescent and Flow Conditions SAE Technical Paper 2019-01-0727 2019 https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-0727
- Mazacioglu , A. , Gross , M. , Kern , J. , and Sick , V. Infrared Borescopic Evaluation of High-Energy and Long-Duration Ignition Systems for Lean/Dilute Combustion in Heavy-Duty Natural-Gas Engines SAE Technical Paper 2018-01-1149 2018 https://doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-1149
- Soldera , F. et al. Determination of the Cathode Erosion and Temperature for the Phases of High Voltage Discharges Using FEM Simulations Comput. Mater. Sci. 32 1 123 139 2005 10.1016/j.commatsci.2004.06.004
- Breden , D. , Karpatne , A. , Suzuki , K. , and Raja , L. High-Fidelity Numerical Modeling of Spark Plug Erosion SAE Technical Paper 2019-01-0215 2019 https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-0215
- Breden , D. et al. A Numerical Study of High-Pressure Non-Equilibrium Streamers for Combustion Ignition Application J. Appl. Phys. 114 8 083302 2013 10.1063/1.4818319
- Subramaniam , V. , Karpatne , A. , Breden , D. , and Raja , L. 2019 10.4271/2019-01-0226
- Ju , Y. and Sun , W. Plasma Assisted Combustion: Dynamics and Chemistry Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 48 21 83 2015 10.1016/j.pecs.2014.12.002
- Aleksandrov , N.L. et al. Mechanism of Ignition by Non-Equilibrium Plasma Proc. Combust. Inst. 32 1 205 212 2009 10.1016/j.proci.2008.06.124
- Rickard , M. , Dunn-Rankin , D. , Weinberg , F. , and Carleton , F. Characterization of Ionic Wind Velocity J. Electrostat. 63 6-10 711 716 2005 10.1016/j.elstat.2005.03.033
- Nishiyama , A. and Ikeda , Y. Improvement of Lean Limit and Fuel Consumption Using Microwave Plasma Ignition Technology SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-1139 2012 https://doi.org/10.4271/2012-01-1139
- Padala , S. , Le , M.K. , Nishiyama , A. , and Ikeda , Y. Ignition of Propane-Air Mixtures by Miniaturized Resonating Microwave Flat-Panel Plasma Igniter SAE Technical Paper 2017-24-0150 2017 https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-24-0150
- Le , M.K. , Padala , S. , Nishiyama , A. , and Ikeda , Y. Control of Microwave Plasma for Ignition Enhancement Using Microwave Discharge Igniter SAE Technical Paper 2017-24-0156 2017 https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-24-0156
- Singleton , D. , Pendleton , S.J. , and Gundersen , M.A. The Role of Non-Thermal Transient Plasma for Enhanced Flame Ignition in C 2 H 4 -Air J. Phys. D. Appl. Phys. 44 2 022001 2011 10.1088/0022-3727/44/2/022001
- Zhang , A. et al. Numerical Investigation of Nanosecond Pulsed Discharge in Air at above Atmospheric Pressures J. Phys. D. Appl. Phys. 51 34 345201 2018 10.1088/1361-6463/aad262
- Scarcelli , R. , Biswas , S. , Ekoto , I. , Breden , D. , and Karpatne , A. 2018 10.5445/IR/1000088603
- Wolk , B.M. and Ekoto , I. Calorimetry and Imaging of Plasma Produced by a Pulsed Nanosecond Discharge Igniter in EGR Gases at Engine-Relevant Densities SAE Int. J. Engines 10 3 970 983 2017 https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-0674
- Scarcelli , R. , Zhang , A. , Wallner , T. , Breden , D. et al. Multi-Dimensional Modeling of Non-equilibrium Plasma for Automotive Applications SAE Technical Paper 2018-01-0198 2018 https://doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-0198
- Scarcelli , R. et al. Modeling Non-Equilibrium Discharge and Validating Transient Plasma Characteristics at above Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 27 12 124006 2018 10.1088/1361-6595/aaf539
- Ono , R. and Oda , T. Formation and Structure of Primary and Secondary Streamers in Positive Pulsed Corona Discharge-Effect of Oxygen Concentration and Applied Voltage J. Phys. D. Appl. Phys. 36 16 1952 1958 2003 10.1088/0022-3727/36/16/306
- Marko , F. et al. Comparative Optical and Thermodynamic Investigations of High Frequency Corona- and Spark-Ignition on a CV Natural Gas Research Engine Operated with Charge Dilution by Exhaust Gas Recirculation Ignition Systems for Gasoline Engines Cham Springer International Publishing 2017 293 314 10.1007/978-3-319-45504-4_18
- Cimarello , A. , Grimaldi , C. , Mariani , F. , Battistoni , M. et al. Analysis of RF Corona Ignition in Lean Operating Conditions Using an Optical Access Engine SAE Technical Paper 2017-24-0673 2017 https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-0673
- Cimarello , A. , Cruccolini , V. , Discepoli , G. , Battistoni , M. et al. Combustion Behavior of an RF Corona Ignition System with Different Control Strategies SAE Technical Paper 2018-01-1132 2018 https://doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-1132
- Discepoli , G. et al. Experimental Assessment of Spark and Corona Igniters Energy Release Energy Procedia 148 September 1262 1269 2018 10.1016/j.egypro.2018.08.001
- Cruccolini , V. et al. Lean Combustion Analysis Using a Corona Discharge Igniter in an Optical Engine Fueled with Methane and a Hydrogen-Methane Blend Fuel 259 116290 2020 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116290
- Pineda , D.I. , Wolk , B. , Chen , J.-Y. , and Dibble , R.W. Application of Corona Discharge Ignition in a Boosted Direct-Injection Single Cylinder Gasoline Engine: Effects on Combustion Phasing, Fuel Consumption, and Emissions SAE Int. J. Engines 9 3 1970 1988 2016 https://doi.org/10.4271/2016-01-9045
- Babaeva , N.Y. and Naidis , G.V. On Streamer Dynamics in Dense Media J. Electrostat. 53 2 123 133 2001 10.1016/S0304-3886(01)00135-8
- Yu , S. , Wang , M. , and Zheng , M. 2016 10.4271/2016-01-0706
- Burrows , J. and Mixell , K. Analytical and Experimental Optimization of the Advanced Corona Ignition System Ignition Systems for Gasoline Engines Cham Springer International Publishing 2016 267 292 10.1007/978-3-319-45504-4_17
- Lo , A. et al. Streamer-to-Spark Transition Initiated by a Nanosecond Overvoltage Pulsed Discharge in Air Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 26 4 045012 2017 10.1088/1361-6595/aa5c78
- Shiraishi , T. and Urushihara , T. Fundamental Analysis of Combustion Initiation Characteristics of Low Temperature Plasma Ignition for Internal Combustion Gasoline Engine SAE Technical Paper 2011-01-0660 2011 https://doi.org/10.4271/2011-01-0660
- Breden , D. et al. Modeling of a Dielectric-Barrier Discharge-Based Cold Plasma Combustion Ignition System IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 47 1 410 418 2019 10.1109/TPS.2018.2882830
- Shiraishi , T. A Study of Low Temperature Plasma-Assisted Gasoline HCCI Combustion SAE Int. J. Engines 12 1 101 113 2019 https://doi.org/10.4271/03-12-01-0008
- Huiskamp , T. et al. Temperature and Pressure Effects on Positive Streamers in Air J. Phys. D. Appl. Phys. 46 16 165202 2013 10.1088/0022-3727/46/16/165202
- Yun , H. , Idicheria , C. , and Najt , P. The Effect of Advanced Ignition System on Gasoline Low Temperature Combustion Int. J. Engine Res. 2019 10.1177/1468087419867543
- Idicheria , C.A. , Yun , H. , and Najt , P.M. An Advanced Ignition System for High Efficiency Engines Ignition Systems for Gasoline Engines : 4th International Conference December 6 - 7, 2018 Berlin, Germany 2018 40 54 10.5445/IR/1000088317
- Ricci , F. et al. Experimental and Numerical Investigations of the Early Flame Development Produced by a Corona Igniter SAE Technical Paper 2019-24-0231 2019 10.4271/2019-24-0231
- Bhatti , S.S. , Verma , S. , and Tyagi , S.K. Energy and Exergy Based Performance Evaluation of Variable Compression Ratio Spark Ignition Engine Based on Experimental Work Therm. Sci. Eng. Prog. 9 March 2018 332 339 2019 10.1016/j.tsep.2018.12.006
- Terry , O. , Rochussen , J. , and Kirchen , P. Development of a Modular, Dry-Running Bowditch Piston with Efficient Window Cleaning SAE Technical Paper 2018-01-0635 2018 https://doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-0635
- Irimescu , A. , Tornatore , C. , Marchitto , L. , and Merola , S.S. Compression Ratio and Blow-by Rates Estimation Based on Motored Pressure Trace Analysis for an Optical Spark Ignition Engine Appl. Therm. Eng. 61 2 101 109 2013 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.07.036
- Merola , S.S. et al. UV-visible Optical Characterization of the Early Combustion Stage in a DISI Engine Fuelled with Butanol-Gasoline Blend SAE Int. J. Engines 6 4 1953 1969 2013 https://doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-2638
- Merola , S.S. , Irimescu , A. , Tornatore , C. , and Valentino , G. Effect of the Fuel-Injection Strategy on Flame-Front Evolution in an Optical Wall-Guided DISI Engine with Gasoline and Butanol Fueling J. Energy Eng. 142 2 2016 10.1061/(ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000301
- 2001
- Shawal , S. et al. High-Speed Imaging of Early Flame Growth in Spark-Ignited Engines Using Different Imaging Systems via Endoscopic and Full Optical Access SAE Int. J. Engines 9 2 704 718 2016 https://doi.org/10.4271/2016-01-0644
- Aleiferis , P.G. , Serras-Pereira , J. , and Richardson , D. Characterisation of Flame Development with Ethanol, Butanol, Iso-Octane, Gasoline and Methane in a Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel 109 256 278 2013 10.1016/j.fuel.2012.12.088
- Di Iorio , S. , Sementa , P. , and Vaglieco , B.M. Analysis of Combustion of Methane and Hydrogen-Methane Blends in Small DI SI (Direct Injection Spark Ignition) Engine Using Advanced Diagnostics Energy 108 99 107 2016 10.1016/j.energy.2015.09.012
- Bikas , G. and Michos , K. Carbon Monoxide Emissions Model for Data Analytics in Internal Combustion Engine Applications Derived from Post-Flame Chemical Kinetics SAE Int. J. Engines 11 6 947 964 2018 https://doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-1153
- Nebel , G.J. and Jackson , M.W. Some Factors Affecting the Concentration of Oxides of Nitrogen in Exhaust Gases from Spark Ignition Engines J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc. 8 3 213 219 1958 10.1080/00966665.1958.10467847