This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
The Ultra Low Emissions Potential of the Recuperated Split Cycle Combustion System
Technical Paper
2019-24-0189
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
This content contains downloadable datasets
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The recuperated split cycle engine is a fundamentally new class of internal combustion engine that offers a step change in thermal efficiency over conventional Otto and Diesel cycle engines. In a split cycle engine, the compression and combustion strokes are performed in different cylinders. Intensive cooling of the compression stroke by the injection of liquid nitrogen directly into the chamber enables the recovery of waste heat from the exhaust between the compression and combustion cylinders. Brake efficiencies of over 50% have been reported without compression cooling, rising to 60% where the compression stroke is cooled by the injection of liquid nitrogen. The technology targets the heavy duty, long-haul sector where electrification is ineffective.
In this paper, results from an experimental program conducted on a single cylinder research engine, representing the combustor cylinder of a recuperated split cycle engine are reported. The effect of fuel injection timing, valve timing and injection pressure were studied at 1200rpm at a range of loads. Experiments using oxygen depleted air to represent the effect of the injection of liquid nitrogen in the compression cylinder are also reported. Engine out NOx emissions of less than 110ppm at mid speed and loads typical of motorway cruise conditions for a truck engine were observed. The low NOx emissions suggest a significant contribution of cool, pre-mixed combustion. A conceptual modeling is proposed that describes the mixing process inside the combustion chamber to explain the low NOx emissions. It is proposed an air jet is formed during the induction of charge air which interacts with the liquid fuel jet, enhancing mixing. This together with the lower charge temperatures used account for the low NOx emissions.
The impact of fitting an SCR based aftertreatment catalyst on final vehicle emissions is presented, demonstrating the potential of achieving very low levels of NOx emissions. With aftertreatment, NOx emissions below 5ppm were predicted, meaning the recuperated split cycle engine has the potential of meeting the SULEV NOx standard.
Recommended Content
Authors
- Robert Morgan - University Of Brighton
- Christopher Lenartowicz - University Of Brighton
- Konstantina Vogiatzaki - University Of Brighton
- Simon Harvey - University Of Brighton
- David Kennaird - University Of Brighton
- Nicholas Owen - Dolphin N2 Ltd
- Rhys Pickett - Ricardo UK Ltd
- Andrew Atkins - Ricardo UK Ltd
Topic
Citation
Morgan, R., Lenartowicz, C., Vogiatzaki, K., Harvey, S. et al., "The Ultra Low Emissions Potential of the Recuperated Split Cycle Combustion System," SAE Technical Paper 2019-24-0189, 2019, https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-24-0189.Data Sets - Support Documents
| Title | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Unnamed Dataset 1 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 2 |
Also In
References
- Automotive Council UK Roadmap 2017 https://www.automotivecouncil.co.uk/technology-group-2/automotive-technology-roadmaps/
- Saxena , S. and Bedoya , I.D. Fundamental Phenomena Affecting Low Temperature Combustion and HCCI Engines, High Load Limits and Strategies for Extending these Limits Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 39 5 457 488 2013
- Reitz , R.D. and Duraisamy , G. Review of High Efficiency and Clean Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) Combustion in Internal Combustion Engines Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 46 12 71 2015
- Worldwide Emissions Standards 2019 https://www.delphi.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/delphi-worldwide-emissions-standards-passenger-cars-light-duty-2016-7.pdf
- Dong , G. , Morgan , R.E. , and Heikal , M.R. Thermodynamic Analysis and System Design of a Novel Split Cycle Engine Concept Energy 102 576 585 2016
- Finneran , J. et al. A Review of Split-Cycle Engines International Journal of Engine Research. 0 0 10.1177/1468087418789528
- Morgan , R.E. et al. The Recuperated Split Cycle - Experimental Combustion Data from a Single Cylinder Test Rig SAE International Journal of Engines 10 5 2596 2605 2017 10.4271/2017-24-0169
- Dong , G. , Morgan , R. , and Heikal , M. A Novel Split Cycle Internal Combustion Engine with Integral Waste Heat Recovery Applied Energy 157 744 753 2015
- Coney , M.W. , Linnemann , C. , and Abdallah , H.S. A Thermodynamic Analysis of a Novel High Efficiency Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine-The Isoengine Energy 29 12-15 2585 2600 2004
- Jackson N.S. , Atkins , A. , Eatwell , J. , and Morgan R. An Alternative Thermodynamic Cycle for Reciprocating Piston Engines 36th Vienna Motor Symposium Vienna 2015
- Morgan , R. , Khalid , F. , Harvey , S. , Firmansyah , F. , Mason , D. , Vogiatzaki , K. , and Heikal , M. Towards Zero Emission Engines through the Adoption of Combustion Lead Engine Design Realised Using a Split Cycle Topology THIESEL Valencia 2018
- Firmansyaha , F. , Morgan , R. , Heikalc , M.R. , Azizd , A.A.R. Effect of Pressure in Crossover Port to the In-cylinder Flow of Split-Cycle Engine ICPR Malaysia 2018
- Rossi , R. et al. Simultaneous Reduction of Soot and NOX Emissions by Means of the HCPC Concept: Complying with the Heavy Duty EURO 6 Limits without Aftertreatment System SAE Technical Paper 2013-24-0093 2013 10.4271/2013-24-0093
- Kuleshov , A. et al. New Downsized Diesel Engine Concept with HCCI Combustion at High Load Conditions SAE Technical Paper 2015-01-1791 2015 10.4271/2015-01-1791
- Owen , N.J. , Treccarichi , F. , Atkins , A.F. , Selvaraj , A. , Barnes , D. , Besant , T. , and Morgan , R. A Practical Recuperated Split Cycle Engine for Low Emissions and High Efficiency 2019 SAE Technical Paper 2019-24-0190 10.4271/2019-24-0190
- Palanisamy , M. et al. Combustion Characteristics of a 3000 Bar Diesel Fuel System on a Single Cylinder Research Engine SAE Technical Paper 2015-24-2441 2015 10.4271/2015-24-2441
- Sharp , C. et al. Achieving Ultra Low NOX Emissions Levels with a 2017 Heavy-Duty on-Highway TC Diesel Engine and an Advanced Technology Emissions System - Thermal Management Strategies SAE Int. J. Engines 2017 10.4271/2017-01-0954
- Ladommatos , N. , Abdelhalim , S.M. , and Zhao , H. The Effects of Exhaust Gas Recirculation on Diesel Combustion and Emissions International Journal of Engine Research 1 107 126 2000
- Morgan , R. , Auld , A. , Banks , A. , and Lenartowicz , C. The Benefits of High Injection Pressure on Future Heavy Duty Engine Performance SAE Technical Paper 2015-24-2441 2015 10.4271/2015-24-2441
- Morgan , R. , Dong , Guangyu , and Heikal , Morgan The Split Cycle Engine and Its Impact on the Vehicle Cooling System VTMS 2015 Nottingham : IMechE
- Shabir , M.F. et al. Low Heat Rejection Engines - Review SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-1510 2010 10.4271/2010-01-1510