This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Multi-Objective Optimization of Fuel Consumption and NO x Emissions with Reliability Analysis Using a Stochastic Reactor Model
Technical Paper
2019-01-1173
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
This content contains downloadable datasets
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The introduction of a physics-based zero-dimensional stochastic reactor model combined with tabulated chemistry enables the simulation-supported development of future compression-ignited engines. The stochastic reactor model mimics mixture and temperature inhomogeneities induced by turbulence, direct injection and heat transfer. Thus, it is possible to improve the prediction of NOx emissions compared to common mean-value models. To reduce the number of designs to be evaluated during the simulation-based multi-objective optimization, genetic algorithms are proven to be an effective tool. Based on an initial set of designs, the algorithm aims to evolve the designs to find the best parameters for the given constraints and objectives. The extension by response surface models improves the prediction of the best possible Pareto Front, while the time of optimization is kept low. This work presents a novel methodology to couple the stochastic reactor model and the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm. First, the stochastic reactor model is calibrated for 10 low, medium and high load operating points at various engine speeds. Second, each operating point is optimized to find the lowest fuel consumption and specific NOx emissions. The optimization input parameters are the temperature at intake valve closure, the compression ratio, the start of injection, the injection pressure and exhaust gas recirculation rate. Additionally, it is ensured that the maximum peak cylinder pressure and turbine inlet temperature are not exceeded. This enables a safe operation of the engine and exhaust aftertreatment system under the optimized conditions. Subsequently, a reliability analysis is performed to estimate the effect of off-nominal conditions on the objectives and constraints. The novel multi-objective optimization methodology has proven to deliver reasonable results. The zero-dimensional stochastic reactor model with tabulated chemistry is a fast running physics-based model that allow to run large optimization problems in a short amount of time. The combination with the reliability analysis also strengthens the confidence in the simulation-based optimized engine operation parameters.
Recommended Content
Authors
Citation
Franken, T., Duggan, A., Matrisciano, A., Lehtiniemi, H. et al., "Multi-Objective Optimization of Fuel Consumption and NOx Emissions with Reliability Analysis Using a Stochastic Reactor Model," SAE Technical Paper 2019-01-1173, 2019, https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-1173.Data Sets - Support Documents
Title | Description | Download |
---|---|---|
Unnamed Dataset 1 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 2 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 3 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 4 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 5 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 6 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 7 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 8 |
Also In
References
- Gaertner , U. , Rabl , P. , and Zink , U. Exhaust Gas Aftertreatment of the Future Frankfurt Research Association for Combustion Engines 2018
- Koch , T. , Thee , R. , and Maus , W. Research into Interactions between Internal Combustion Engines and Fuels Frankfurt Research Association for Combustion Engines 2018
- U.S. DRIVE Partnership 2018
- Hiroyasu , T. , Miki , M. , Kamiura , J. , and Watanabe , S. Multi-Objective Optimization of Diesel Engine Emissions and Fuel Economy using Genetic Algorithms and Phenomenological Model SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-2778 2002 10.4271/2002-01-2778
- Hiroyasu , H. , Miao , H. , Hiroyasu , T. , Miki , M. et al. Genetic Algorithm Optimization of Diesel Engine Emissions and Fuel Efficiency with Air Swirl, EGR, Injection Timing and Multiple Injections SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-1853 2003 10.4271/2003-01-1853
- Hiroyasu , T. , Miki , M. , Kim , M. , Watanabe , S. et al. Reduction of Heavy Duty Diesel Engine Emission and Fuel Economy with Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm and Phenomenological Model SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-0531 2004 10.4271/2004-01-0531
- Wickman , D.D. , Senecal , P.K. , and Reitz , R.D. Diesel Engine Combustion Chamber Geometry Optimization Using Genetic Algorithms and Multi-Dimensional Spray and Combustion Modeling SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-0547 2001 10.4271/2001-01-0547
- Etghani , M.M. , Shojaeefard , M.H. , Khalkhali , A. , and Akbari , M. A Hybrid Method of Modified NSGA-II and TOPSIS to Optimize Performance and Emissions of a Diesel Engine Using Biodiesel Applied Thermal Engineering 59 309 315 2013
- Fontanesi , S. and Giacopini , M. Multiphase CFDeCHT Optimization of the Cooling Jacket and FEM Analysis of the Engine Head of a V6 Diesel Engine Applied Thermal Engineering 52 293 303 2013
- Park , S. , Cho , J. , Park , J. , and Song , S. Numerical Study of the Performance and NOx Emission of a Diesel-Methanol Dual-Fuel Engine Using Multi-Objective Pareto Optimization Energy 124 272 283 2017
- Costa , M. , Bianchi , G.M. , Forte , C. , and Cazzoli , G. A Numerical Methodology for the Multi-Objective Optimization of the DI Diesel Engine Combustion Energy Procedia 45 711 720 2014
- Xu , G. , Jia , M. , Li , Y. , Xie , M. , and Su , W. Multi-Objective Optimization of the Combustion of a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine with Low Temperature Combustion under a Wide Load Range: (I) Computational Method and Optimization Results Energy 126 707 719 2017
- Xu , G. , Jia , M. , Li , Y. , Xie , M. , and Su , W. Multi-Objective Optimization of the Combustion of a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine with Low Temperature Combustion (LTC) under a Wide Load Range: (II) Detailed Parametric, Energy, and Exergy Analysis Energy 139 247 261 2017
- Wu , Z. , Rutland , C.J. , and Han , Z. Numerical Optimization of Natural Gas and Diesel Dual-Fuel Combustion for a Heavy-Duty Engine Operated at a Medium Load International Journal of Engine Research 19 6 682 696 2018
- Benajes , J. , Novella , R. , Pastor , J.M. , Hernandez-Lopez , A. , and Kokjohn , S.L. Computational Optimization of the Combustion System of a Heavy Duty Direct Injection Diesel Engine Operating with Dimethyl-Ether Fuel 218 127 139 2018
- Pasternak , M. , Mauss , F. , Janiga , G. , and Thévenin , D. Self-Calibrating Model for Diesel Engine Self-Calibrating Model for Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-1072 2012 10.4271/2012-01-1072
- Pasternak , M. Simulation of the Diesel Engine Combustion Process Using the Stochastic Reactor Model Berlin LOGOS 2016
- Pasternak , M. , Mauß , F. , Perlman , C. , and Lehtiniemi , H. Aspects of 0D and 3D Modeling of Soot Formation for Diesel Engines Combustion Science and Technology 186 10 2014
- Pasternak , M. , Mauß , F. , Klauer , C. , and Matrisciano , A. Diesel Engine Performance Mapping Based on the Parametrized Mixing Time Model International Journal of Engine Research 19 2 2018
- Franken , T. and Mauß , F. Development of Methodology for Predictive Diesel Combustion Simulation Using 0D Stochastic Reactor Model SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-0566 2016 10.4271/2016-01-0566
- Franken , T. , Sommerhoff , A. , Willems , W. , Matrisciano , A. et al. Advanced Predictive Diesel Combustion Simulation Using Turbulence Model and Stochastic Reactor Model SAE Technical Paper 2017-01-0516 2017 10.4271/2017-01-0516
- Bernard , G. , Scaife , M. , Bhave , A. , Ooi , D. et al. Application of the SRM Engine Suite over the Entire Load Speed Operation of a U.S. EPA Tier 4 Capable IC Engine SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-0571 2016 10.4271/2016-01-0571
- Lai , J. , Parry , O. , Mosbach , S. , Bhave , A. et al. Evaluating Emissions in a Modern Compression Ignition Engine Using Multi-Dimensional PDF-Based Stochastic Simulations and Statistical Surrogate Generation SAE Technical Paper 2018-01-1739 2018 10.4271/2018-01-1739
- Lehtiniemi , H. , Mauß , F. , Balthasar , M. , and Magnusson , I. Modeling Diesel Spray Ignition Using Detailed Chemistry with a Progress Variable Approach Combustion Science and Technology 178 1977 1997 2006
- Lehtiniemi , H. , Borg , A. , and Mauß , F. Combustion Modeling of Diesel Sprays SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-0592 2016 10.4271/2016-01-0592
- Matrisciano , A. , Borg , A. , Perlman , C. , and Lehtiniemi , H. Soot Source Term Tabulation Strategy for Diesel Engine Simulations with SRM SAE Technical Paper 2015-24-2400 2015 10.4271/2019-01-1088
- Matrisciano , A. , Franken , T. , Perlman , C. , Borg , A. et al. Development of a Computationally Effcient Progress Variable Approach for a Direct Injection Stochastic Reactor Model SAE Technical Paper 2017-01-0512 2017 10.4271/2017-01-0512
- Kraft , M. Stochastic Modeling of Turbulent Reacting Flow in Chemical Engineering VDI Verlag 1998
- Tuner , M. 2008
- Pope , S.B. Pdf Methods for Turbulent Reactive Flows Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 11 2 119 192 1985
- Harworth , D. Progress in Probability Density Function Methods for Turbulent Reacting Flows Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 36 2 168 259 2010
- Subramaniam , S. and Pope , S.B. A Mixing Model for Turbulent Reactive Flows Based on Euclidean Minimum Spanning Trees Combustion and Flame 115 4 487 514 1998
- Kozuch , P. 2004
- Seidel , L. , Netzer , C. , Hilbig , M. , Mauss , F. et al. Systematic Reduction of Detailed Chemical Reaction Mechanisms for Engine Applications Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 139 9 2017
- Deb , K. , Agrawal , S. , Pratap , A. , and Meyarivan , T. A Fast Elitist Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm for Multi-Objective Optimization: NSGA-II Parallel Problem Solving from Nature PPSN VI 2000
- Deb , K. , Pratap , A. , Agarwal , S. , and Meyarivan , T. A Fast and Elitist Multiobjective Genetic Algorithm: NSGA-II IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation 6 2 2002
- ESTECO 2017 https://www.esteco.com/modefrontier
- LOGE AB 2016 www.logesoft.com
- Woschni , G. A Universally Applicable Equation for the Instantaneous Heat Transfer Coefficient in the Internal Combustion Engine SAE Technical Paper 670931 1967 10.4271/670931
- Franken , T. , Klauer , C. , Kienberg , M. , Matrisciano , A. , and Mauß , F. Prediction of Thermal Stratification in an Engine-Like Geometry Using a 0D Stochastic Reactor Model International Journal of Engine Research 2019
- Choudhary , K.D. , Nayyar , A. , and Dasdupta , M.S. Effect of Compression Ratio on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of C.I. Engine Operated with Acetylene in Conjunction with Diesel Fuel Fuel 214 489 496 2018
- Kumar , A. and Subramanian , K.A. Control of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (CO2, CH4 and N2O) of a Biodiesel (B100) Fueled Automotive Diesel Engine Using Increased Compression Ratio Applied Thermal Engineering 127 95 105 2017
- Maiboom , A. , Tauzia , X. , and Hetet , J.-F. Experimental Study of Various Effects of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) on Combustion and Emissions of an Automotive Direct Injection Diesel Engine Energy 33 22 34 2008
- Hountalas , D.T. , Mavropoulos , G.C. , and Binder , K.B. Effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Temperature for Various EGR Rates on Heavy Duty DI Diesel Engine Performance and Emissions Energy 33 272 283 2008
- Egnell , R. The Influence of EGR on Heat Release Rate and NO Formation in a DI Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 2000-01-1807 2000 10.4271/2000-01-1807
- Jacobs , T. , Assanis , D. , and Filipi , Z. The Impact of Exhaust Gas Recirculation on Performance and Emissions of a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-1068 2003 10.4271/2003-01-1068
- Agarwal , A.K. , Srivastava , D.K. , Dhar , A. , Maurya , R.K. et al. Effect of Fuel Injection Timing and Pressure on Combustion, Emissions and Performance Characteristics of a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine Fuel 111 374 383 2013
- Arunprasad , S. and Balusamy , T. Experimental Investigation on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Diesel Engine by Varying the Injection Pressure and Injection Timing Using Mixed Biodiesel International Journal of Green Energy 15 6 376 384 2018
- Hountalas , D.T. , Kouremenos , D.A. , Binder , K.B. , Schwarz , V. et al. Effect of Injection Pressure on the Performance and Exhaust Emissions of a Heavy Duty DI Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-0340 2003 10.4271/2003-01-0340
- Heywood , J.B. Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals McGraw-Hill 1988
- van Basshuysen , R. and Schäfer , F. Internal Combustion Engine Handbook Warrendale SAE International 2004
- Poonia , M.P. , Ramesh , A. , and Gaur , R.R. Effect of Intake Air Temperature and Pilot Fuel Quantity on the Combustion Characteristics of a LPG Diesel Dual Fuel Engine SAE Technical Paper 982455 1998 10.4271/982455
- Rakopoulos , C.D. Influence of Ambient Temperature and Humidity on the Performance and Emissions of Nitric Oxide and Smoke of High Speed Diesel Engines in the Athens/Greece Region Energy Conversion and Management 31 5 447 458 1991
- Wu , H.W. , Hsu , T.T. , He , J.Y. , and Fan , C.M. Optimal Performance and Emissions of Diesel/Hydrogen-Rich Gas Engine Varying Intake Air Temperature and EGR Ratio Applied Thermal Engineering 124 381 392 2017