This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Model Predictive NO x Emission Control for a Biodiesel Engine Coupled with a Urea-based Selective Catalytic Reduction System
Technical Paper
2019-01-0734
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
This content contains downloadable datasets
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Diesel engines have been the major power source for medium- to heavy-duty ground vehicles due to superior fuel efficiency and durability over gasoline engines. However, Diesel engines are the main contributors for non-renewable Diesel fuel consumption and NOx and particulate matter (PM) emissions. Biodiesel fuel has been considered as a promising alternative fuel and can be directly fed into Diesel engines without major modifications. In addition, biodiesel has demonstrated lower hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and PM emissions than Diesel fuel. Nevertheless, the NOx emissions of biodiesel are generally higher. To meet stringent NOx emission regulation, urea-based selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems have been widely utilized in Diesel-powered vehicles. The application of biodiesel fuel to Diesel engines can significantly change the exhaust condition and thus increase the complexity of SCR design and controls. This paper presents a fuel-adaptive nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) method for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system with biodiesel applications. A proper urea dosing strategy is derived as the solution of a NMPC problem such that both NOx and ammonia emission requirements can be met simultaneously. Experimental and simulation studies suggest the need to increase SCR size for biodiesel applications. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed NMPC-based controller for biodiesel applications. Such a SCR control strategy can be instrumental for reducing tailpipe emissions for flexible-fuel ground vehicles in the future.
Recommended Content
Topic
Citation
Chen, P. and Ma, Y., "Model Predictive NOx Emission Control for a Biodiesel Engine Coupled with a Urea-based Selective Catalytic Reduction System," SAE Technical Paper 2019-01-0734, 2019, https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-0734.Data Sets - Support Documents
| Title | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Unnamed Dataset 1 |
Also In
References
- Liu , X. , He , H. , Wang , Y. , Zhu , S. et al. Transesterification of Soybean Oil to Biodiesel Using CaO as a Solid Base Catalyst Fuel 87 2 216 221 Feb 2008
- https://www.arb.ca.gov/fuels/lcfs/lcfs_meetings/040115_pathway_ci_comparison.pdf
- Graboski , M.S. and McCormick , R.L. Combustion of Fat and Vegetable Oil Derived Fuels in Diesel Engines Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 24 2 125 164 Jan 1998
- Yoon , S.K. , Kim , M.S. , Kim , H.J. , and Choi , N.J. Effects of Canola Oil Biodiesel Fuel Blends on Combustion, Performance, and Emissions Reduction in a Common Rail Diesel Engine Energies 7 12 8132 8149 Dec 2014
- Kattwinkel , P. , Reith , C. , and Petersson , M. Different Properties of Biodiesel in Comparison with Standard Diesel Fuel and Their Impact on EURO VI Exhaust Aftertreatment Systems SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-1733 2012 10.4271/2012-01-1733
- Mueller , C.J. , Boehman , A.L. , and Martin , G.C. An Experimental Investigation of the Origin of Increased NO x Emissions When Fueling a Heavy-Duty Compression-Ignition Engine with Soy Biodiesel SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 2 1 789 816 2009 10.4271/2009-01-1792
- Koebel , M. , Elsener , M. , and Kleemann , M. Urea-SCR: A Promising Technique to Reduce NO x Emissions from Automotive Diesel Engines Catal. Today 59 3-4 335 345 June 2000
- Nova , I. and Tronconi , E. Urea-SCR Technology for deNO x after Treatment of Diesel Exhausts New York Springer 2014
- Devarakonda , M. , Parker , G. , Johnson , J.H. , Strots , V. et al. Model-Based Estimation and Control System Development in a Urea-SCR Aftertreatment System SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 1 1 646 661 2008 10.4271/2008-01-1324
- Chi , J.N. and DaCosta , H.F. Modeling and Control of a Urea-SCR Aftertreatment System SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-0966 2005 10.4271/2005-01-0966
- Chen , P. and Wang , J. Control-Oriented Modeling and Observer-Based Estimation of Solid and Gas Temperatures for a Diesel Engine Aftertreatment System J. Dyn. Syst. Meas. Control 134 6 061011 061011 Sept 2012
- Wang , D.Y. , Yao , S. , Shost , M. , Yoo , J.-H. et al. Ammonia Sensor for Closed-Loop SCR Control SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars - Electron. Electr. Syst. 1 1 323 333 2008 10.4271/2008-01-0919
- Szybist , J.P. , Song , J. , Alam , M. , and Boehman , A.L. Biodiesel Combustion, Emissions and Emission Control Fuel Process. Technol. 88 7 679 691 2007
- Dincer , K. Lower Emissions from Biodiesel Combustion Energy Sources Part Recovery Util. Environ. Eff. 30 10 963 968 Mar 2008
- Hoekman , S.K. and Robbins , C. Review of the Effects of Biodiesel on NO x Emissions Fuel Process. Technol. 96 237 249 Apr 2012
- Palash , S.M. , Kalam , M.A. , Masjuki , H.H. , Masum , B.M. et al. Impacts of Biodiesel Combustion on NO x Emissions and Their Reduction Approaches Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 23 473 490 July 2013
- Vallinayagam , R. , Vedharaj , S. , Yang , W.M. , Saravanan , C.G. et al. Emission Reduction from a Diesel Engine Fueled by Pine Oil Biofuel Using SCR and Catalytic Converter Atmospheric Environment 80 190 197 Dec 2013
- Zhao , J. , Chen , P. , Ibrahim , U. , and Wang , J. Comparative Study and Accommodation of Biodiesel in Diesel-Electric Hybrid Vehicles Coupled with Aftertreatment Systems Asian Journal of Control 18 1 3 15 2016
- López , J.M. , Jiménez , F. , Aparicio , F. , and Flores , N. On-Road Emissions from Urban Buses with SCR + Urea and EGR + DPF Systems Using Diesel and Biodiesel Transp. Res. Part Transp. Environ. 14 1 1 5 2009
- Solaimuthu , C. , Ganesan , V. , Senthilkumar , D. , and Ramasamy , K.K. Emission Reductions Studies of a Biodiesel Engine Using EGR and SCR for Agriculture Operations in Developing Countries Appl. Energy 138 91 98 Jan 2015
- Hsieh , M. and Wang , J. Development and Experimental Studies of a Control-Oriented SCR Model for a Two-Catalyst Urea-SCR System Control Eng Pract 19 4 409 422 2011
- Bonfils , A. , Creff , Y. , Lepreux , O. , and Petit , N. Closed-Loop Control of a SCR System Using a NO x Sensor Cross-Sensitive to NH 3 J. Process Control 24 368 378 Feb 2014
- Tronconi , E. , Nova , I. , Ciardelli , C. , Chatterjee , D. et al. Modelling of an SCR Catalytic Converter for Diesel Exhaust after Treatment: Dynamic Effects at Low Temperature Catalysis Today 105 529 536 Aug 2005
- Chen , P. and Wang , J. Nonlinear Model Predictive Control of Integrated Diesel Engine and Selective Catalytic Reduction System for Simultaneous Fuel Economy Improvement and Emissions Reduction Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 137 081008 2015
- Schär , C. , Onder , C.H. , and Geering , H.P. Control of an SCR Catalytic Converter System for a Mobile Heavy-Duty Application IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology 14 641 653 2006
- Devarakonda , M. , Parker , G. , Johnson , J.H. , Strots , V. et al. Adequacy of Reduced Order Models for Model-Based Control in a Urea-SCR Aftertreatment System SAE Technical Paper 2008-01-0617 2008 10.4271/2008-01-0617
- Ericson , C. , Westerberg , B. , and Odenbrand , I. A State-Space Simplified SCR Catalyst Model for Real Time Applications SAE Technical Paper 2008-01-0616 2008 10.4271/2008-01-0616
- Guzzella , L. and Onder , C.H. Introduction to Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engine Systems 2010 354
- Katare , S.R. , Patterson , J.E. , and Laing , P.M. Aged DOC is a Net Consumer of NO 2 : Analyses of Vehicle, Engine-Dynamometer and Reactor Data SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-3984 2007 10.4271/2007-01-3984
- Hsieh , M. and Wang , J. NO and NO 2 Concentration Modeling and Observer-Based Estimation across a Diesel Engine Aftertreatment System Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 133 041005 2011
- Chen , P. and Wang , J. Nonlinear and Adaptive Control of NO/NO 2 Ratio for Improving Selective Catalytic Reduction System Performance Journal of the Franklin Institute 350 1992 2012 2013
- Henson , M.A. Nonlinear Model Predictive Control: Current Status and Future Directions Comput. Chem. Eng. 23 187 202 Dec 1998
- Morari , M. and H. Lee , J. Model Predictive Control: Past, Present and Future Comput. Chem. Eng. 23 667 682 May 1999
- Chen , P. and Wang , J. Estimation and Adaptive Nonlinear Model Predictive Control of Selective Catalytic Reduction Systems in Automotive Applications J. Process Control 40 78 92 2016
- Lapuerta , M. , Armas , O. , and Rodríguez-Fernández , J. Effect of Biodiesel Fuels on Diesel Engine Emissions Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 34 198 223 Apr 2008