This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Reconstruction of 3D Accident Sites Using USGS LiDAR, Aerial Images, and Photogrammetry
Technical Paper
2019-01-0423
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The accident reconstruction community has previously relied upon photographs and site visits to recreate a scene. This method is difficult in instances where the site has changed or is not accessible. In 2017 the United States Geological Survey (USGS) released historical 3D point clouds (LiDAR) allowing for access to digital 3D data without visiting the site. This offers many unique benefits to the reconstruction community including: safety, budget, time, and historical preservation. This paper presents a methodology for collecting this data and using it in conjunction with aerial imagery, and camera matching photogrammetry to create 3D computer models of the scene without a site visit. To determine accuracies achievable using this method, evidence locations solved for using only USGS LiDAR, aerial images and scene photographs (representative of emergency personnel photographs) were compared with known locations documented using total station survey equipment and ground-based 3D laser scanning. The data collected from three different site locations was analyzed, and camera matching photogrammetry was performed independently by 5 different individuals to locate evidence. On average, the resulting evidence for all three test sites was found to be within 3.0 inches (8cm) of known evidence locations with a standard deviation of 1.7 inches (4cm). To further evaluate the quality of the USGS LiDAR, a comparative point cloud analysis of the roadway surfaces was performed. On average, 85% of the USGS LiDAR points were found to be within .5 inches of the ground-based 3D scanning points.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Terpstra, T., Dickinson, J., Hashemian, A., and Fenton, S., "Reconstruction of 3D Accident Sites Using USGS LiDAR, Aerial Images, and Photogrammetry," SAE Technical Paper 2019-01-0423, 2019, https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-0423.Also In
References
- Fenton , S. and Kerr , R. Accident Scene Diagramming Using New Photogrammetric Technique SAE Technical Paper 970944 1997 10.4271/970944
- Neale , W. , Fenton , S. , McFadden , S. , and Rose , N. A Video Tracking Photogrammetry Technique to Survey Roadways for Accident Reconstruction SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-1221 2004 10.4271/2004-01-1221
- Day , T. and Hargens , R. A Personal Computer Program for Drawing Accident Sites SAE Technical Paper 880068 1988 10.4271/880068
- Coleman , C. , Tandy , D. , Colborn , J. , and Ault , N. Applying Camera Matching Methods to Laser Scanned Three Dimensional Scene Data with Comparisons to Other Methods SAE Technical Paper 2015-01-1416 2015 10.4271/2015-01-1416
- Rudny , D. and Sallmann , D. The Use of Electronic Survey Equipment in the Creation of Accident Scene Diagrams SAE Technical Paper 950361 1995 10.4271/950361
- Campbell , A. and Friedrich , R. Adapting Three-Dimensional Animation Software for Photogrammetry Calculations SAE Technical Paper 930904 1993 10.4271/930904
- Callahan , M. , LeBlanc , B. , Vreeland , R. , and Bretting , G. Close-Range Photogrammetry with Laser Scan Point Clouds SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-0607 2012 10.4271/2012-01-0607
- Terpstra , T. , Beier , S. , and Neale , W. The Application of Augment Reality to Reverse Camera Projection SAE Technical Paper 2019-01-0424 2019
- Bailey , A. , Funk , J. , Lessley , D. , Sherwood , C. et al. Validation of a Videogrammetry Technique for Analyzing American Football Helmet Kinematics Sports Biomechanics 1 23 2018 10.1080/14763141.2018.1513059
- Dilich , M. and Goebelbecker , J. Accident Investigation and Reconstruction Mapping with Aerial Photography SAE Technical Paper 960894 1996 10.4271/960894
- Jensen , J.R. Remote Sensing of the Environment: An Earth Resource Perspective Harlow Pearson 2013
- Lillesand , T.M. , Kiefer , R.W. , and Chipman , J.W. Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation New York Wiley 1999
- What Is 3DEP? https://www.usgs.gov/core-science-systems/ngp/3dep 2018
- Terpstra , T. , Dickinson , J. , and Hashemian , A. Using Multiple Photographs and USGS LiDAR to Improve Photogrammetric Accuracy SAE Int. J. Trans. Safety 6 3 2018 10.4271/2018-01-0516
- Woolley , R. , White , K. , Asay , A. , and Bready , J. Determination of Vehicle Crush from Two Photographs and the Use of 3D Displacement Vectors in Accident Reconstruction SAE Technical Paper 910118 1991 10.4271/910118
- Wester-Ebbinghaus , W. and Wezel , U. Photogrammetric Deformation Measurement of Crash Vehicles SAE Technical Paper 860207 1986 10.4271/860207
- Gillen , L. Photogrammetric Mapping of Vehicle Deformations SAE Technical Paper 861421 1986 10.4271/861421
- Fenton , S. , Neale , W. , Rose , N. , and Hughes , C. Determining Crash Data Using Camera Matching Photogrammetric Technique SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-3313 2001 10.4271/2001-01-3313
- Rentschler , W. and Uffenkamp , V. Digital Photogrammetry in Analysis of Crash Tests SAE Technical Paper 1999-01-0081 1999 10.4271/1999-01-0081
- Behring , D. , Thesing , J. , Becker , H. , and Zobel , R. Optical Coordinate Measuring Techniques for the Determination and Visualization of 3D Displacements in Crash Investigations SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-0891 2003 10.4271/2003-01-0891
- O’Shields , L. , Kress , T. , Hungerford , J. , and Aikens , C. Determination and Verification of Equivalent Barrier Speeds (EBS) Using PhotoModeler as a Measurement Tool SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-1208 2004 10.4271/2004-01-1208
- Rose , N. , Neale , W. , Fenton , S. , Hessel , D. et al. A Method to Quantify Vehicle Dynamics and Deformation for Vehicle Rollover Tests Using Camera-Matching Video Analysis SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars - Mech. Syst. 1 1 301 317 2009 10.4271/2008-01-0350
- Rucoba , R. , Duran , A. , Carr , L. , and Erdeljac , D. A Three-Dimensional Crush Measurement Methodology Using Two-Dimensional Photographs SAE Technical Paper 2008-01-0163 2008 10.4271/2008-01-0163
- Chou , C. , McCoy , R. , Le , J. , Fenton , S. et al. Image Analysis of Rollover Crash Tests Using Photogrammetry SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-0723 2006 10.4271/2006-01-0723
- Rose , N. , Neale , W. , Fenton , S. , Hessel , D. et al. A Method to Quantify Vehicle Dynamics and Deformation for Vehicle Rollover Tests Using Camera-Matching Video Analysis SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars - Mech. Syst. 1 1 301 317 2009 10.4271/2008-01-0350
- Peck , L. and Cheng , M. The Accuracy of an Optimized, Practical Close-Range Photogrammetry Method for Vehicular Modeling SAE Int. J. Trans. Safety 4 2 245 266 2016 10.4271/2016-01-1462
- Massa , D. Using Computer Reverse Projection Photogrammetry to Analyze an Animation SAE Technical Paper 1999-01-0093 1999 10.4271/1999-01-0093
- Alden , A. , Mayer , B. , Mcgowen , P. , Sherony , R. et al. Animal-Vehicle Encounter Naturalistic Driving Data Collection and Photogrammetric Analysis SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-0124 2016 10.4271/2016-01-0124
- Neale , W. , Hessel , D. , and Koch , D. Determining Position and Speed through Pixel Tracking and 2D Coordinate Transformation in a 3D Environment SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-1478 2016 10.4271/2016-01-1478
- Neale , W. , Marr , J. , and Hessel , D. Nighttime Videographic Projection Mapping to Generate Photo-Realistic Simulation Environments SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-1415 2016 10.4271/2016-01-1415
- Neale , W. , Marr , J. , and Hessel , D. Video Projection Mapping Photogrammetry through Video Tracking SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-0788 2013 10.4271/2013-01-0788
- Grimes , C. , Roescher , T. , Suway , J. , and Welcher , J. Comparing the Accuracy of Image Based Scanning Techniques to Laser Scanners SAE Technical Paper 2018-01-0525 2018 10.4271/2018-01-0525
- Terpstra , T. , Voitel , T. , and Hashemian , A. A Survey of Multi-View Photogrammetry Software for Documenting Vehicle Crush SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-1475 2016 10.4271/2016-01-1475
- Luhmann , T. , Stuart , R. , Stephen , K. , and Jan , B. Close-Range Photogrammetry and 3D Imaging 2nd Walter De Gruyter GmbH 2014
- Jurkofsky , D. Accuracy of SUAS Photogrammetry for Use in Accident Scene Diagramming SAE Int. J. Trans. Safety 3 2 136 152 2015 10.4271/2015-01-1426
- Carter , N. , Hashemian , A. , Rose , N. , and Neale , W. Evaluation of the Accuracy of Image Based Scanning as a Basis for Photogrammetric Reconstruction of Physical Evidence SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-1467 2016 10.4271/2016-01-1467
- http://www.danielgm.net/cc/
- 2014
- Free Plugins; ColorEdge, Glue, Clone 2018 https://www.itoosoft.com/freeplugins/glue
- Maune , D.F. , and Nayegandhi A. Digital Elevation Model Technologies and Applications Third Maryland Selbstverl 2018
- Neale , W. , Hessel , D. , and Terpstra , T. Photogrammetric Measurement Error Associated with Lens Distortion SAE Technical Paper 2011-01-0286 2011 10.4271/2011-01-0286
- Wolfgang , H Correcting Lens Distortions in Digital Photographs https://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/lens/correcting_lens_distortions.pdf
- Terpstra , T. , Miller , S. , and Hashemian , A. An Evaluation of Two Methodologies for Lens Distortion Removal when EXIF Data Is Unavailable SAE Technical Paper 2017-01-1422 2017 10.4271/2017-01-1422
- Home https://opentopography.org/ 2019
- NCALM http://ncalm.cive.uh.edu/ 2019