This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Experimental PEM-Fuel Cell Range Extender System Operation and Parameter Influence Analysis
Technical Paper
2019-01-0378
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
This content contains downloadable datasets
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Fuel cells as alternative propulsion systems in vehicles can achieve higher driving ranges and shorter refueling times compared to pure battery-electric vehicles, while maintaining the local zero-emission status. However, to take advantage of pure battery electric driving, an externally rechargeable battery can be combined with a fuel cell range extender. As part of a research project, an efficient air supply system for a fuel cell range extender was developed. To this end, a 25 kW PEM fuel cell system test bench was set up. The different parameter influences of the test bench, in particular of the air supply system, were analyzed and evaluated in terms of stack/system efficiency and functionality. The control software of the test bench was specifically developed for the flexible operating parameter variation. All adjustable variables of the system (air ratio, stack temperature, pressure, etc.) were varied and evaluated at steady-state operating points. Likewise, the system was analyzed during dynamic operation and fault cases in adverse operating conditions (water condensation, oxygen deficiency) were identified. The system's warm-up process was also evaluated in regard to efficiency and functionality, since at lower temperatures, a larger air mass flow is needed to counteract water condensation inside the stack. Finally, the hydrogen purging losses were quantified at different operating pressures purging intervals. The experimental results show that, above all, the air supply has a significant influence on the efficiency of the system and is decisive for the proper operation and further improvement of the system. In summary, depending on the load point and operating conditions, a system efficiency between 42 % and 56 % was achieved.
Recommended Content
Technical Paper | Compressed Hydrogen System Pressure Selection - Determining the Optimum Hydrogen Fueling Pressure |
Ground Vehicle Standard | Life Cycle Analysis to Estimate the CO2-Equivalent Emissions from MAC Operation |
Technical Paper | Air Supply System for Automotive Fuel Cell Application |
Authors
Topic
Citation
Höflinger, J., Hofmann, P., and Geringer, B., "Experimental PEM-Fuel Cell Range Extender System Operation and Parameter Influence Analysis," SAE Technical Paper 2019-01-0378, 2019, https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-0378.Data Sets - Support Documents
Title | Description | Download |
---|---|---|
Unnamed Dataset 1 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 2 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 3 |
Also In
References
- Salman , P. , Wallnöfer-Ogris , E. , Sartory , M. , Trattner , A. , et al. Hydrogen-Powered Fuel Cell Range Extender Vehicle - Long Driving Range with Zero-Emissions WCX [TM] 17: SAE World Congress Experience 2017
- Müller , H. et al. Fuel Cell Range Extended Electric Vehicle FCREEV: Long Driving Ranges without Emissions ATZ worldwide 119 5 56 60 2017 10.1007/s38311-017-0033-0
- Höflinger , J. and Hofmann , P. Thermal Management of a Fuel Cell Range-Extended Electric Vehicle. The Powertrain of Tomorrow. Hybrid and Electric Powertrain 11th International MTZ Conference Frankfurt/Main January 25-26, 2017
- Höflinger , J. , Hofmann , P. , Müller , H. , and Limbrunner , M. FC REEV - A Fuel Cell Range Extended Electric Vehicle Motortechnische Zeitschrift MTZ 78 16 22 2017
- Höflinger , J. , Hofmann P. Energy Management of an Electric Vehicle with Fuel Cell Range Extender FCREEV China Energy Management Strategy, Sichuan University Chengdu, China 06 10 2017
- Ogrzewalla , J. , Walters , M. , and Kuhlmann , A. Brennstoffzellen als Range Extender für Elektrofahrzeuge ATZ - Automobiltechnische Zeitschrift 115 11 S. 856 S. 863 2013 10.1007/s35148-013-0300-3
- Walters , M. , Kuhlmann , A. , Pischinger , S. , and Ogrzewalla , J. BREEZE! - Fuel Cell Range Extender for Battery Electric Vehicles 25. Anniversary Aachen Colloquium October 10-12, 2016
- Zhao , H. and Burke , A.F. Optimization of Fuel Cell System Operating Conditions for Fuel Cell Vehicles Journal of Power Sources 186 2 408 416 2009 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775308019290
- Bang , J. et al. Study on Operating Characteristics of Fuel Cell Powered Electric Vehicle with Different Air Feeding Systems Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 22 1 8 1602 1611 2008 10.1007/s12206-008-0417-6
- Chang , Y.A. and Moura , S. Air Flow Control in Fuel Cell Systems: An Extremum Seeking Approach Proceedings of the American Control Conference July 2009 1052 1059
- Blunier , B. and Miraoui , A Air Management in PEM Fuel Cells: State-Of-The-Art and Prospectives Conference: Electrical Machines and Power Electronics. ACEMP’07 2007 245 254
- Zhang , J. and Li , H. Effect of Operating Backpressure on PEM Fuel Cell Performance ECS Transactions 19 65 76 2009
- Kim , D.K. et al. Parametric Study on Interaction of Blower and Back Pressure Control Valve for a 80-kW Class PEM Fuel Cell Vehicle International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 41 39 17595 17615 2016 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319916322054
- Kocha , S.S. , Yang , J.D. , and Yi , J.S. Characterization of Gas Crossover and its Implications in PEM Fuel Cells AIChE Journal 52 5 1916 1925 2006
- Rabbani , A. and Rokni , M. Effect of Nitrogen Crossover on Purging Strategy in PEM Fuel Cell Systems Applied Energy 111 1061 1070 2013
- Kurzweil , P. Brennstoffzellentechnik Grundlagen, Materialien, Anwendungen, Gaserzeugung Wiesbaden Springer Vieweg 2016
- Boettner , D. et al. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell System Model for Automotive Vehicle Simulation and Control Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The ASME 124 2002 10.1115/1.1447927
- Ji , S.W. , No , S.M. , and Kim , T.S. Analysis of Operating Characteristics of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Coupled with an Air Supply System Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 25 4 945 955 2011 10.1007/s12206-011-0138-0
- Lang , O. , Pischinger , S. , Schönfelder , C. , and Steidten , T. Compressor-Expander Units for Mobile Fuel Cell Systems MTZ Worldwide 65 7 29 32 2004 10.1007/BF03227690
- Zhang , J. , Zhang , H. , Jinfeng , W. , and Zhang , J. Chapter 8 - Relative Humidity (RH) Effects on PEM Fuel Cells Pem Fuel Cell Testing and Diagnosis Elsevier 2013 201 223 10.1016/B978-0-444-53688-4.00008-5
- Meyers , J.P. and Darling , R.M. Model of Carbon Corrosion in PEM Fuel Cells Journal of the Electrochemical Society 153 8 A1432 A1442 2006
- Galen , W. and Kulp , A. 2001
- Töpler , J. and Lehmann , J. Wasserstoff und Brennstoffzelle Technologien und Marktperspektiven Berlin, Heidelberg Imprint Springer Vieweg 2014
- Andújar , J.M. and Segura , F. Fuel Cells: History and Updating. A Walk along Two Centuries Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 13 9 2309 2322 2009
- Kulikovsky , A.A. The Effect of Stoichiometric Ratio λ on the Performance of a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Electrochimica Acta 49 4 617 625 2004 10.1016/j.electacta.2003.09.016
- Bao , C. , Ouyang , M. , and Yi , B. Modeling and Optimization of the Air System in Polymer Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems Journal of Power Sources 156 2 232 243 2006 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775305008323
- Tafaoli-Masoule , M. , Shakeri , M. , Esmaili , Q. , and Bahrami , A. PEM Fuel Cell Modeling and Pressure Investigation Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects 2291 2302 2011 10.1080/15567030903530566
- Ahmadi , N. , Dadvand , A. , Rezazadeh , S. , and Mirzaee , I. Analysis of the Operating Pressure and GDL Geometrical, Configuration Effect on PEM Fuel Cell Performance Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 38 8 2016 10.1007/s40430-016-0548-0
- Larminie and Dicks Fuel Cell System Explained 2013 10.1002/9781118878330
- Kim , H.-S. , Lee , D.-H. , Min , K. , and Kim , M. Effects of Key Operating Parameters on the Efficiency of Two Types of PEM Fuel Cell Systems (High-Pressure and Low-Pressure Operating) for Automotive Applications Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 19 4 1018 1026 2005 10.1007/BF02919185