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Characterization of GHG Reduction Technologies in the Existing Fleet
Technical Paper
2018-01-1268
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
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Abstract
By almost any definition, technology has penetrated the U.S. light-duty vehicle fleet significantly in conjunction with the increased stringency of fuel economy and GHG emissions regulations. The physical presence of advanced technology components provides one indication of the efforts taken to reduce emissions, but that alone does not provide a complete measure of the benefits of a particular technology application. Differences in the design of components, the materials used, the presence of other technologies, and the calibration of controls can impact the performance of technologies in any particular implementation. The effectiveness of a technology for reducing emissions will also be influenced by the extent to which the technologies are applied towards changes in vehicle operating characteristics such as improved acceleration, or customer features that may offset mass reduction from the use of lightweight materials.
This paper begins with an examination of trends in the penetration of key advanced technologies into the U.S. light-duty vehicle fleet. We then investigate the overall influence of these technologies and vehicle changes on tailpipe CO2 emissions using metrics for powertrain efficiency and tractive energy metrics. Finally, we introduce a methodology for representing existing technology implementations across the full fleet of non-electrified vehicles using EPA’s Advanced Light-duty Powertrain and Hybrid Analysis (ALPHA) full vehicle simulation model and library of benchmarked powertrain component models. Using such an approach, a compliance analysis can be conducted for a future vehicle fleet where the emissions reductions and associated costs are applied incrementally to the existing set of baseline fleet of vehicles, while giving appropriate consideration to how a particular vehicle’s technology implementation influences the potential for further emissions reductions.
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Authors
- Kevin Bolon - US Environmental Protection Agency
- Andrew Moskalik - US Environmental Protection Agency
- Kevin Newman - US Environmental Protection Agency
- Aaron Hula - US Environmental Protection Agency
- Anthony Neam - US Environmental Protection Agency
- Brandon Mikkelsen - Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
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Citation
Bolon, K., Moskalik, A., Newman, K., Hula, A. et al., "Characterization of GHG Reduction Technologies in the Existing Fleet," SAE Technical Paper 2018-01-1268, 2018, https://doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-1268.Data Sets - Support Documents
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References
- U.S. EPA Light-Duty Automotive Technology, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Fuel Economy Trends: 1975 through 2016 2016
- Pannone , G. Technical Assessment of Vehicle Load Reduction Potential for Advanced Clean Cars (Contract 13-313) 2015
- U.S. EPA Proposed Determination on the Appropriateness of the Model Year 2022-2025 Light-Duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emissions Standards under the Midterm Evaluation: Technical Support Documentation
- Pannone , G. , Betz , B. , Reale , M. , and Thomas , J. Decomposing Fuel Economy and Greenhouse Gas Regulatory Standards in the Energy Conversion Efficiency and Tractive Energy Domain SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 10 1 202 206 2017 10.4271/2017-01-0897
- Moskalik , A. , Bolon , K. , Newman , K. , and Cherry , J. Representing GHG Reduction Technologies in the Future Fleet with Full Vehicle Simulation SAE Technical Paper 2018-01-1267 2018