This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
New Perspectives on Lubricant Additive Corrosion: Comparison of Methods and Metallurgy
Technical Paper
2018-01-0656
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
This content contains downloadable datasets
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Traditional methods for monitoring corrosion processes and mechanisms in real time can be both time consuming and challenging to interpret, especially when evaluations at multiple temperatures are required. Reported at SAE world congress 2017 by this author, a new method for measuring the change in resistance of a thin copper wire was applied to provide a way to monitor the corrosion of copper in situ. In this work, a copper alloy in thin wire form has been used to compare the corrosion rates to pure copper. New insights on the kinetics and mechanisms of corrosion in the presence of lubricant additives over a range of operating temperatures using the wire resistance test will be discussed. The corrosion processes observed here are highly dependent upon temperature. Making assessments of corrosion performance through elevated temperature differentiation testing can provide less optimal corrosion protection at the actual operating temperature condition. This work highlights how long-duration elevated temperature testing does not provide the reassurances required for in service corrosion protection.
Recommended Content
Technical Paper | Effects of Surface Treatment (Lubricant) on Spot Friction Welded Joints Made of 6111-T4 Aluminum Sheets |
Technical Paper | Performance Evaluation When Using Nanofluids in Loop Heat Pipe and Pulsating Heat Pipe |
Aerospace Material Specification | Titanium Alloy Sheet 6Al - 4V Driver Sheet |
Authors
Citation
Hunt, G., "New Perspectives on Lubricant Additive Corrosion: Comparison of Methods and Metallurgy," SAE Technical Paper 2018-01-0656, 2018, https://doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-0656.Data Sets - Support Documents
Title | Description | Download |
---|---|---|
Unnamed Dataset 1 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 2 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 3 |
Also In
References
- ASTM International 2012
- Ott , L.S. and Bruno , T.J. Modifications to the Copper Strip Corrosion Test for the Measurement of Sulfur-Related Corrosion Journal of Sulfur Chemistry 28 5 493 504 2007 10.1080/17415990701516432
- Pauling , L. The Nature of the Chemical Bond. Application of Results Obtained from the Quantum Mechanics and from a Theory of Paramagnetic Susceptibility to the Structure of Molecules Journal of the American Chemical Society. 53 4 1367 1400 1931
- ISO/TC 156 2013
- Dodson , B. L. , Schweb , H. L. Accelerated Testing SAE Technical Paper 2006-8042-1 2006 978-0-7680-8042-1 http://books.sae.org/r-304/
- Bona , C. and Locati , L. Accelerated Testing at FIAT Laboratories SAE Technical Paper 610399 1961 10.4271/610399
- Kececioglu , D. and Li , D. Accelerated Testing of Mechanical Equipment SAE Technical Paper 861667 1986 10.4271/861667
- ASTM International Application of Accelerated Corrosion Tests to Service Life Prediction of Materials ASTM International 42 42-23 1994
- Eriksson , P. , Carlsson , B. , and Wallinder , I.O. Design of Accelerated Corrosion Tests for Electronic Components in Automotive Applications IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies 24 1 99 107 2001 10.1109/6144.910808
- Mattsson , E. Accelerated Corrosion Testing of Automotive Radiators of Copper Materials - A Critical Survey SAE Technical Paper 920181 1992 10.4271/920181
- Edwards , M. and Ferguson , J.F. Accelerated Testing of Copper Corrosion Journal of the American Water Works Association 85 15 1993
- Yasir , M. , Mori , G. , Wieser , H. , Schattenkirckner , M. et al. A New Testing Method for Lifetime Prediction of Automotive Exhaust Silencers International Journal of Corrosion 2011 1 5 2011 10.1155/2011/689292
- Ozturk , U.E. A Novel Approach for Accelerated Life Testing of Ground Vehicle Components Experimental Techniques 41 2 171 178 2016 10.1007/s40799-016-0166-x
- Senapati , U. , Dhage , Y. , Sawant , V. , Saraf , M. et al. Accelerated Test Method for Validation of Vehicle Components Subjected to Fatigue Failure SAE Technical Paper 2007-26-072 2007 10.4271/2007-26-072
- Steppan , J.J. , Roth , J.A. , Hall , L.C. , Jeannotte , D.A. et al. A Review of Corrosion Failure Mechanisms during Accelerated Tests Electrolytic Metal Migration J. Electrochem Soc 134 1 175 190 1987 10.1149/1.2100401
- LeBozec , N. , Blandin , N. , and Thierry , D. Accelerated Corrosion Tests in the Automotive Industry: A Comparison of the Performance towards Cosmetic Corrosion Materials and Corrosion 59 11 889 894 2008 10.1002/maco.200804168
- Hunt , G.J. , Gahagan , M.P. , and Peplow , M.A. Wire Resistance Method for Measuring the Corrosion of Copper by Lubricating Fluids Lubrication Science 29 4 279 290 2017 10.1002/ls.1368
- Gahagan , M.P. and Hunt , G.J. New Insights on the Impact of Automatic Transmission Fluid (ATF) Additives on Corrosion of Copper -The Application of a Wire Electrical Resistance Method International Journal of Automotive Engineering 7 115 120 2016
- Hunt , G. New Perspectives on the Temperature Dependence of Lubricant Additives on Copper Corrosion SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants 2017-01-0891 10 2 521 527 2017 10.4271/2017-01-0891
- Hamblin , P.C. , Kirsten , U. , and Chasan , D. Ashless Antioxidants, Copper Deactivators and Corrosion Inhibitors: There Use in Lubricating Oils Lubrication Science 2 288 318 2006 10.1002/ls.3010020403
- Kalantar , A. and Levin , M. Factors Affecting the Dissolution of Copper in Transformer Oils Lubrication Science 20 223 240 2008 10.1002/ls.63
- Houston , P. L. Chemical Kinetics and Reaction Dynamics Dover Publications Mineola, NY 2006 978-0-486-45334-7
- Sodemo , M. , Stenlid , J.H. , Besharat , Z. , Yazdi , M.G. et al. The Surface Structure of Cu2O(100) Journal of Physical Chemistry C 120 8 4373 4381 2016 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b11350
- Schulz , K.H. and Cox , D.F. Photoemission and Low-Energy-Electron-Diffraction Study of Clean and Oxygen-Dosed Cu2O(111) and (100) Surfaces Physical Review B: Condensed Matter and Materials Physics 43 1610 1621 1991 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.1610
- Harmer , S.L. , Skinner , W.M. , Buckley , A.N. , and Fan , L.-J. Species Formed at Cuprite Fracture Surfaces; Observation of O 1s Surface Core Level Shift Surface Science 603 537 545 2009 10.1016/j.susc.2008.12.024
- Önsten , A. , Göthelid , M. , and Karlsson , U.O. Atomic Structure of Cu2O(1 1 1) Surface Science 603 257 264 2009 10.1016/j.susc.2008.10.048
- Nygren , M.A. , Pettersson , L.G.M. , Freitag , A. , Staemmler , V. et al. Theoretical Models of the Polar Cu2O(100) Cu+−Terminated Surface The Journal of Physical Chemistry 100 294 298 1996 10.1021/jp951694e
- Le , D. , Stolbov , S. , and Rahman , T.S. Reactivity of the Cu2O(100) Surface: Insights from First Principles Calculations Surface Science 603 1637 1645 2009 10.1016/j.susc.2008.12.039
- McClenaghan , N.D. , Hu , P. , and Hardacre , C. A Density Functional Theory Study of the Surface Relaxation and Reactivity of Cu2O(100) Surface Science 464 223 232 2000 10.1016/S0039-6028(00)00678-6
- Bendavid , L.I. and Carter , E.A. First-Principles Predictions of the Structure, Stability, and Photocatalytic Potential of Cu2O Surfaces The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 117 15750 15760 2013 10.1021/jp406454c
- Soon , A. , Todorova , M. , Delley , B. , and Stampfl , C. Thermodynamic Stability and Structure of Copper Oxide Surfaces: A First-Principles Investigation Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 75 125420 2007 10.1103/PhysRevB.75.125420
- Tahir , D. and Tougaard , S. Electronic and Optical Properties of Cu, CuO and Cu2O Studied by Electron Spectroscopy J. Phys.: Condensed Matter 24 175002 2012 10.1088/0953-8984/24/17/175002
- Wiame , F. , Salgin , B. , Swiatowska-Mrowiecka , J. , Maurice , V. et al. Brass Surface Nanochemistry: The Role of Alloying Cu with Zn Journal of Physical Chemistry C 112 20 7540 7543 2008 10.1021/jp801739b
- https://www.kupferinstitut.de
- Johnson , R.A. , Wichern , D.W. Applied Multivariate Statistical Analysis Sixth Pearson International 2007 978-0-131-87715-3
- Heidersbach , R.H. and Verink , E.D. The Dezincification of alpha and beta brasses Corrosion 28 11 397 418 1972 10.5006/0010-9312-28.11.397
- Karpagavalli , R. and Balasubramaniam , R. Development of Novel Brasses to Resist Dezincification Corrosion Science 49 3 963 979 2007 10.1016/j.corsci.2006.06.024
- Arrhenius , S. On the Influence of Carbonic Acid in the Air upon the Temperature of the Ground Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science 5 41 237 276 1896
- Laidler , K.J. The Development of the Arrhenius Equation Journal of Chemical Education 61 6 494 498 1984 10.1021/ed061p494
- Truhlar , D.G. Interpretation of the Activation Energy Journal of Chemical Education 55 5 309 311 1978 10.1021/ed055p309
- Rudnick , L. R. Lubricant Additives Chemistry and Applications Second Edition CRC Press London 2009 978-1-420-05964-9
- Papay , A.G. Antiwear and Extreme-Pressure Additives in Lubricants Lubrication Science 10 3 209 224 1998
- Reid , D.G. and Smith , G.C. X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Surface Films Formed during the ASTM D-130 / ISO 2160 Copper Corrosion Test Petroleum Science and Technology 32 4 387 394 2014 10.1080/10916466.2011.588635
- Gibbs , G.B. The Analysis of Curved Arrhenius Plots Scripta Metallurgica 2 65 68 1968 10.1016/0036-9748(68)90171-3
- Morrison , H.M. The Analysis of Curved Arrhenius Plots in Diffusion Experiments The Philosophical Magazine: A Journal of Theoretical Experimental and Applied Physics 32 2 243 254 1975 10.1080/14786437508228929
- Truhlar , D.G. and Kohen , A. Convex Arrhenius Plots and Their Interpretation Proc.Natl Acad Sci USA 98 3 848 851 2001 10.1073/pnas.98.3.848
- Kohen , A. , Cannio , R. , Bartolucci , S. , and Kinman , J.P. Enzyme Dynamics and Hydrogen Tunnelling in a Thermophilic Alcohol Dehydrogenase Nature 399 6735 496 499 1999 10.1038/20981
- Massey , V. , Curti , B. , and Ganther , H. A Temperature-Dependent Conformational Change in D-Amino Acid Oxidase and its Effect on Catalysis J. Biological Chemistry 241 10 2347 2357 1966
- Mannle , F. and Limbach , H.H. An Intramolecular Base-Catalyzed Proton Transfer in 1,3-Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Triazene Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 35 441 442 1996 10.1002/anie.199604411
- Chang , W. and Xu , G. Simulation of Ionic Diffusion in Solid Polymer Electrolytes with Correlated Chain Motion Journal of Chemical Physics 99 2001 2003 1999 10.1063/1.465261
- Segel , V. , Pelleg , J. , Fuks , D. , and Dorfman A Model Describing the Curved Arrhenius Plots in Self-Diffusion of Metals Physica Status Solidi 140 2 363 368 1993 10.1002/pssa.2211400207
- Mozurkewich , M. and Benson , S.W. Negative Activation Energies and Curved Arrhenius Plots. 1. Theory of Reactions over Potential Wells J Physical Chemistry 88 25 6429 6435 1984 10.1021/j150669a073
- Mozurkewich , M. , Lamb , J.J. , and Benson , S.W. Negative Activation Energies and Curved Arrhenius Plots. 2. Hydroxyl + Carbon Monoxide J Physical Chemistry 88 25 6435 6441 1984 10.1021/j150669a074
- Lamb , J.J. , Mozurkewich , M. , and Benson , S.W. Negative Activation Energies and Curved Arrhenius Plots. 3. Hydroxyl + Nitric Acid and Hydroxyl + Peroxynitric Acids J Physical Chemistry 88 25 6441 6448 1984 10.1021/j150669a075
- Masgrau , L. , González-Lafont , A. , and Lluch , J.M. The Curvature of the Arrhenius Plots Predicted by Conventional Canonical Transition-State Theory in the Absence of Tunneling Theoretical Chemistry Accounts 110 5 352 357 2003 10.1007/s00214-003-0484-9
- Clark , T.C. and Dove , J.E. Examination of Possible Non-Arrhenius Behavior in the Reactions Canadian Journal of Chemistry 51 13 2147 2154 1973 10.1139/v73-323
- Chendynski , L.T. , Romagnoli , E.S. , Catarini da Silva , P.R. , and Borsato , D. Activation Energy’s Deviations of the Oxidation Reaction of Biodiesel in Mixtures with Ferric Ions and Natural Antioxidant Energy & Fuels 31 9 9613 9618 2017 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b01911
- Aquilanti , V. , Mundim , K.C. , Elango , M. , Kleijn , S. et al. Temperature Dependence of chemical and Biophysical Rate Processes: Phenomenological Approach to Deviations from Arrhenius Law Chemical Physical Letters 498 1-3 209 213 2010 10.1016/j.cplett.2010.08.035
- Nishiyama , M. , Kleijn , S. , Aquilanti , V. , and Kasai , T. Temperature Dependence of Respiration Rates of Leaves, 18 O-Experiments and Super-Arrhenius Kinetics Chemical Physical Letters 482 4-6 325 2009 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.10.005