This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Influence of Early and Late Fuel Injection on Air Flow Structure and Kinetic Energy in an Optical SIDI Engine
Technical Paper
2018-01-0205
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
This content contains downloadable datasets
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The turbulent in-cylinder air flow and the unsteady high-pressure fuel injection lead to a highly transient air fuel mixing process in spark-ignition direct-injection (SIDI) engines, which is the leading cause for combustion cycle-to-cycle variation (CCV) and requires further investigation. In this study, crank-angle resolution particle image velocimetry (PIV) was employed to simultaneously measure the air flow and fuel spray structure at 1300 rpm in an optically accessible single-cylinder SIDI engine. The measurement was conducted at the center tumble plane of the four-valve pent-roof engine, bisecting the spark plug and fuel injector. 84 consecutive cycles were recorded for three engine conditions, i.e. (1) none-fueled motored condition, (2) homogeneous-charge mode with start of injection (SOI) during intake (50 crank-angle degree (CAD) after top dead center exhaust, aTDCexh), and (3) stratified-charge mode with SOI during mid compression (270 aTDCexh). The air flow structure (quantified by the objective metric - relevance index) and kinetic energy were examined to study the effect of the fuel spray on the air flow. The air flow was nearly identical for three conditions before the fuel injection. During fuel injection, the entrainment of air into the spray was observed near the spray but the flow structure further away from the spray was not significantly affected for both homogeneous and stratified charge modes. Right after the fuel was atomized, the spray increased the kinetic energy of air flow by 48 ± 25% and 45 ± 40% (average ± standard variation, with CCV included in standard deviation) for spray at intake and compression stroke, respectively. Spray changed the flow structure and kinetic energy immediately after injection for both conditions. The changes caused by injection during intake did not affect the flow and CCV at spark timing. For injection during mid compression, both the flow-structure and kinetic-energy CCV were apparently affected at spark timing.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Chen, H., Zhuang, H., Reuss, D., and Sick, V., "Influence of Early and Late Fuel Injection on Air Flow Structure and Kinetic Energy in an Optical SIDI Engine," SAE Technical Paper 2018-01-0205, 2018, https://doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-0205.Data Sets - Support Documents
Title | Description | Download |
---|---|---|
Unnamed Dataset 1 |
Also In
References
- Zhao , F. , Lai , M.-C. , and Harrington , D.L. Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 25 5 437 562 1999
- Reuss , D.L. Cyclic Variability of Large-Scale Turbulent Structures in Directed and Undirected IC Engine Flows SAE Technical Paper 2000-01-0246 2000 https://doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-0246
- Funk , C.O. , Sick , V. , Reuss , D. , and Dahm , W. Turbulence Properties of High and Low Swirl In-Sylinder Flows SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-2841 2002 https://doi.org/10.4271/2002-01-2841
- Chen , H. , Xu , M. , and Hung , D. Analyzing In-cylinder Flow Evolution and Variations in a Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection Engine Using Phase-Invariant Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Technique SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-1174 2014 https://doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-1174
- Blessinger , M. et al. Quantitative Mixing Measurements and Stochastic Variability of a Vaporizing Gasoline Direct-Injection Spray International Journal of Engine Research 16 2 238 252 2014
- Chen , H. et al. Analyzing the Cycle-to-Cycle Variations of Pulsing Spray Characteristics by Means of the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Atomization and Sprays 2013
- Hung , D.L.S. et al. Experimental Investigation of the Variations of Early Flame Development in a Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection Optical Engine Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 136 10 101503 101503 2014
- Fansler , T.D. et al. Combustion Instability in Spray-Guided Stratified-Charge Engines: A Review International Journal of Engine Research 260 305 2015
- Sick , V. High Speed Imaging in Fundamental and Applied Combustion Research Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 34 2 3509 3530 2013
- Harshavardhan , B. and Mallikarjuna , J.M. Effect of Piston Shape on In-Cylinder Flows and Air-Fuel Interaction in a Direct Injection Spark Ignition Engine-A CFD Analysis Energy 81 Supplement C 361 372 2015
- Driscoll , K.D. , Sick , V. , and Gray , C. Simultaneous Air/Fuel-Phase PIV Measurements in a Dense Fuel Spray Experiments in Fluids 35 1 112 115 2003
- Ming , Z. , Min , X. , and David , L.S.H. Simultaneous Two-Phase Flow Measurement of Spray Mixing Process by Means of High-Speed two-Color PIV Measurement Science and Technology 25 9 095204 2014
- Ghasemi , A. et al. Multi-plume Sprays Interacting with Subsonic Compressible Gas Jets Applied Energy 190 Supplement C 623 633 2017
- Stiehl , R. et al. Influence of Intake Geometry Variations on in-Cylinder Flow and Flow-Spray Interactions in a Stratified Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition Engine Captured by Time-Resolved Particle Image Velocimetry International Journal of Engine Research 17 9 983 997 2016
- Stiehl , R. et al. In-Cylinder Flow and Fuel Spray Interactions in a Stratified Spray-Guided Gasoline Engine Investigated by High-Speed Laser Imaging Techniques Flow, Turbulence and Combustion 91 3 431 450 2013
- Zeng , W. , Sjöberg , M. , and Reuss , D.L. PIV Examination of Spray-Enhanced Swirl Flow for Combustion Stabilization in a Spray-Guided Stratified-Charge Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition Engine International Journal of Engine Research 16 3 306 322 2015
- Zeng , W. , Sjöberg , M. , and Reuss , D.L. Combined Effects of Flow/Spray Interactions and EGR on Combustion Variability for a Stratified DISI Engine Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 35 3 2907 2914 2015
- Zhang , X. et al. The Interactions of in-Cylinder Flow and Fuel Spray in a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine with Variable Tumble Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 137 7 071507-1 071507-11 2015
- Chen , H. et al. Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Analysis of Fuel Spray Structure Variation in a Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection Optical Engine Experiments in Fluids 55 4 1 12 2014
- Chen , H. , Lillo , P.M. , and Sick , V. Three-Dimensional Spray-Flow Interaction in a Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection Engine International Journal of Engine Research 17 1 129 138 2016
- Disch , C. et al. Investigations of Spray-Induced Vortex Structures during Multiple Injections of a DISI Engine in Stratified Operation Using High-Speed-PIV SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-0563 2013
- Aleiferis , P.G. and Behringer , M.K. Modulation of Integral Length Scales of Turbulence in an Optical SI Engine by Direct Injection of Gasoline, Iso-Octane, Ethanol and Butanol Fuels Fuel 189 238 259 2017
- Abraham , P.S. , Reuss , D.L. , and Sick , V. High-Speed Particle Image Velocimetry Study of In-Cylinder Flows with Improved Dynamic Range SAE Paper 2013-01-0542 2013 https://doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-0542
- Zhuang , H. , Sick , V. , and Chen , H. Impact of Fuel Sprays on in-Cylinder Flow Length Scales in a Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection Engine SAE International Journal of Engines 10 3 2017
- Megerle , M. , Sick , V. , and Reuss , D.L. Measurement of Digital PIV Precision Using Electrooptically-Created Particle-Image Displacements Measurement Science and Technology 13 997 1005 2002
- Reuss , D.L. , Megerle , M. , and Sick , V. PIV Measurement Errors When Imaging through a Transparent Engine Cylinder Measurement Science and Technology 13 1029 1035 2002
- Liu , K. and Haworth , D. Development and Assessment of POD for Analysis of Turbulent Flow in Piston Engines SAE Technical Paper 2011-01-0830 2011 https://doi.org/10.4271/2011-01-0830
- Chen , H. et al. A Practical Guide for Using Proper Orthogonal Decomposition in Engine Research International Journal of Engine Research 14 4 307 319 2013
- Chen , H. , Reuss , D.L. , and Sick , V. On the Use and Interpretation of Proper Orthogonal Decomposition of in-Cylinder Engine Flows Measurement Science and Technology 23 8 085302 2012
- Ishikawa , N. and Zhang , L. Characteristics of Air-entrainment in a Diesel Spray SAE International 1999-01-0522 1999 https://doi.org/10.4271/1999-01-0522
- Nishida , K. et al. Effects of Micro-Hole Nozzle and Ultra-High Injection Pressure on Air Entrainment, Liquid Penetration, Flame Lift-off and Soot Formation of Diesel Spray Flame International Journal of Engine Research 18 1-2 51 65 2017
- Peterson , B. and Sick , V. Simultaneous Flow Field and Fuel Concentration Imaging at 4.8 kHz in an Operating Engine Applied Physics B 97 4 887 895 2009
- Peterson , B. , Reuss , D.L. , and Sick , V. High-Speed Imaging Analysis of Misfires in a Spray-Guided Direct Injection Engine Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 33 2 3089 3096 2011
- Chen , H. and Sick , V. Three-Dimensional Three-Component Air Flow Visualization in a Steady-State Engine Flow Bench Using a Plenoptic Camera SAE International Journal of Engines 10 2 625 635 2017 https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-0614