This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Modeling the Impact of Reducing Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emissions with High Compression Engines and High Octane Low Carbon Fuels
Technical Paper
2017-01-0906
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
This content contains downloadable datasets
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The Environmental Protection Agency, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, and California Air Resources Board released the joint mid-term Technical Assessment Review of the light-duty GHG standards in July of 2016. The review generally asserted that the GHG standards adopted in calendar year 2012 for 2022-2025 model year vehicles were feasible. Although many different technologies were evaluated, the review did not assess the benefits of high compression ratio engines enabled by a high-octane low carbon fuel. This study fills in the gap in the Technical Assessment Review by examining the impacts of a 98-research octane number gasoline-ethanol blend with 25 percent ethanol. We find that this fuel would enable higher compression ratios to improve tailpipe greenhouse gas emissions by about 6 percent on most engines. We also find that this option might cost approximately $100 per vehicle, but that there would be fuel cost savings of about the same amount over the life of a vehicle, since the 98 octane 25% ethanol blend would be a few cents lower in cost per gallon than today’s 10% ethanol blend. We assume the same tailpipe emission standards as the Review. When we use EPA’s OMEGA modeling system to evaluate this option, adding in only the high octane high compression ratio and leaving everything else in the modeling essentially the same, we find that the cost of meeting the model year 2025 greenhouse gas emission standards is reduced on a national basis from 23.4 billion dollars to 16.4 billion dollars. Furthermore, overall greenhouse gas emission benefits are higher than the EPA’s proposal without a high-octane fuel, because of the lower lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions of the additional ethanol.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Darlington, T., Herwick, G., Kahlbaum, D., and Drake, D., "Modeling the Impact of Reducing Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emissions with High Compression Engines and High Octane Low Carbon Fuels," SAE Technical Paper 2017-01-0906, 2017, https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-0906.Data Sets - Support Documents
| Title | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Unnamed Dataset 1 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 2 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 3 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 4 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 5 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 6 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 7 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 8 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 9 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 10 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 11 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 12 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 13 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 14 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 15 |
Also In
References
- EPA and NHTSA Set Standards to Reduce Greenhouse Gases and Improve Fuel Economy for Model Years 2017-2025 Cars and Light Trucks, Regulatory Announcement USEPA, OTAQ, EPA-420-F-12-051 August 2012
- Draft Technical Assessment Report, Midterm Evaluation of Light-Duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards for Model Years 2022-2025 EPA, CARB, and NHTSA, EPA-420-D-16-900 July 2016 5 42
- Sluder , S. , and West , B. Preliminary Examination of Ethanol Fuel Effects on EPA’s R-factor for Vehicle Fuel Economy ORNL/TM-2013/198 Oak Ridge National Laboratory June 2013 http://info.ornl.gov/sites/publications/files/Pub42819.pdf
- Sluder , C. , West , B. , Butler , A. , Mitcham , A. et al. Determination of the R Factor for Fuel Economy Calculations Using Ethanol-Blended Fuels over Two Test Cycles SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 7 2 551 562 2014 10.4271/2014-01-1572
- Jung , H. , Leone , T. , Shelby , M. , Anderson , J. et al. Fuel Economy and CO2 Emissions of Ethanol-Gasoline Blends in a Turbocharged DI Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 6 1 422 434 2013 10.4271/2013-01-1321
- Jung , H. , Shelby , M. , Newman , C. , and Stein , R. Effect of Ethanol on Part Load Thermal Efficiency and CO2 Emissions of SI Engines SAE Int. J. Engines 6 1 456 469 2013 10.4271/2013-01-1634
- Leone , T. , Olin , E. , Anderson , J. , Jung , H. et al. Effects of Fuel Octane Rating and Ethanol Content on Knock, Fuel Economy, and CO2 for a Turbocharged DI Engine SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 7 1 9 28 2014 10.4271/2014-01-1228
- Cost, Effectiveness and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles National Academy of Sciences 978-0-309-37388-3 2015
- The Effect of Compression Ratio, Fuel Octane Rating, and Ethanol Content on Spark-Ignition Engine Efficiency Leone , Anderson , Davis , Iqbal , Reese , Shelby , Studzinski Environmental Science and Technology 2015 49 10778 10789
- ORNL West B. , McCormick , R. NREL , Wang M. ANL et al. Summary of High-Octane, Mid-Level Ethanol Blends Study ORNL/TM-2016/42 July 2016
- Co-Optima Stakeholder Listening Day Summary Report US Department of Energy, National Renewable Energy Laboratory June 2015
- Assumptions to the Annual Energy Outlook EIA September 2015 http://www.eia.gov/forecasts/aeo/assumptions/
- Speth , Chow , Malina , Barrett , Heywood , Green Economic and Environmental Benefits of Higher Octane Gasoline Envrionmental Science and Technology May 2014 10.1021/es405557p
- Han , Elgowainy , DiVita Well-to-Wheels Greenhouse Gas Emissions Analysis of High-Octane Fuels With Various Market Shares and Ethanol Blending Levels July 2015 Report No. ANL/ESD-15/10
- Dr. Janssen Andreas , Balthasar Felix , Dr. Balzer Christopher , Dr. Wang Chongming , Dr. Wilbrand Karsten , Dr. Warnecke Wolfgang , Cadu Jean The Role of High Octane Fuels in Future Mobility - A Technical Review 25th Aachen Colloquium Automobile and Engine Technology 2016
- Leone , T. The Increasing Importance of Fuel Octane Panel Presentation at SAE International 2016 Government/Industry Meeting Jan. 2016
- The Cost of Introducing an Intermediate Blend Ethanol Fuel for 2017-and-Later Vehicles Air Improvement Resource, Inc, Stillwater Associates October 17 2012