This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
A Study of Ash Accumulation in the After-treatment System of a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Equipped with a Gasoline Particulate Filter
Technical Paper
2017-01-0879
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
This content contains downloadable datasets
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
In order to meet the EU6c, 6×1011 # / km particulate number emission target that will be introduced in 2017, some gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines might require the use of particulate filters (GPF). The lifetime of wall-flow filters is influenced by the composition of the engine lubricant due to the potential of the lubricant to contribute to ash accumulation in the GPF. In order to anticipate the potential need for new, lower ash lubricants, an endurance test was performed using a commercially available GPF. A radio-labelling method was used to identify the amount of lubricant derived ash trapped in the GPF in addition to conventional weighing measurements.
After the endurance test, during which 9 kg of 1.17% sulphated ash oil was consumed, approximately 50 g of ash had accumulated in the GPF. This amount is only 48% of the expected amount based on fresh oil sulphated ash concentration and oil consumption. Part of this difference can be explained by the same phenomena that also lead to the observed increase in concentration of lubricant additives in the engine sump (such as but not limited to volatile losses for example). Tracer monitoring of zinc (Zn) and calcium (Ca) via Zn and strontium (Sr) isotopes indicated that the lubricant derived ash contribution was limited to less than 50% of total collected ash, suggesting that other sources such as wear metals and fuel derived ash could also contribute to GPF deposits.
Three short tests were also conducted with high, mid and low SAPS (Sulphated Ash, Phosphorus and Sulphur) lubricants in order to evaluate the impact of lubricant formulation on Ca and Zn derived ash accumulation.
GPF and engine performance remained satisfactory after 9 kg of a 1.17% sulphated ash lubricant had been consumed suggesting that a mid SAPS lubricant, typically 0.8% sulphated ash, could satisfy the durability requirements of a GPF equipped engine.
Authors
Citation
Bernardoff, R., Hennebert, B., Delvigne, T., Courtois, O. et al., "A Study of Ash Accumulation in the After-treatment System of a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Equipped with a Gasoline Particulate Filter," SAE Technical Paper 2017-01-0879, 2017, https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-0879.Data Sets - Support Documents
| Title | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Unnamed Dataset 1 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 2 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 3 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 4 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 5 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 6 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 7 |
Also In
References
- Johnson , T. Vehicular Emissions in Review SAE Int. J. Engines 9 2 1258 1275 2016 10.4271/2016-01-0919
- Guan B. , Zhan R. , Lin H. and Huang Z. Review of the state-of-the-art of exhaust particulate filter technology in internal combustion engines Elsevier Journal of Environmental Management 154 2015 225 258
- Bodek , K. and Wong , V. The Effects of Sulfated Ash, Phosphorus and Sulfur on Diesel Aftertreatment Systems - A Review SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-1922 2007 10.4271/2007-01-1922
- Obiols , J. , China , P. , Sibue , L. , Delvigne , T. et al. An Innovative On-Line Measurement Method for Studying the Impact of Lubricant Formulations on Poisoning and Clogging of After-Treatment Devices SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-2178 2005 10.4271/2005-01-2178
- Bardasz , E. , Cowling , S. , Panesar , A. , Durham , J. et al. Effects of Lubricant Derived Chemistries on Performance of the Catalyzed Diesel Particulate Filters SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-2168 2005 10.4271/2005-01-2168
- Sachdev , R. , Wong , V. , and Shahed , S. Effect of Ash Accumulation on the Performance of Diesel Exhaust Particulate Traps SAE Technical Paper 830182 1983 10.4271/830182
- Mamakos Athanasios Feasability of Introducing Particulate Filters on Gasoline Direct Injection Vehicles EU Joint Research Centre (JRC) Scientific and Technical Reports
- Yilmaz , E. , Tian , T. , Wong , V. , and Heywood , J. The Contribution of Different Oil Consumption Sources to Total Oil Consumption in a Spark Ignition Engine SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-2909 2004 10.4271/2004-01-2909
- Tokura , N. , Terasaka , K. , and Yasuhara , S. Process through which Soot Intermixes into Lubricating Oil of a Diesel Engine with Exhaust Gas Recirculation SAE Technical Paper 820082 1982 10.4271/820082
- Lambert , C. , Bumbaroska , M. , Dobson , D. , Hangas , J. et al. Analysis of High Mileage Gasoline Exhaust Particle Filters SAE Int. J. Engines 9 2 1296 1304 2016 10.4271/2016-01-0941
- Nadkarni , R. , Ledesma , R. , and Via , G. Sulfated Ash Test Method: Limitations of Reliability and Reproducibility SAE Technical Paper 952548 1995 10.4271/952548
- Custer , N. , Kamp , C. , Sappok , A. , Pakko , J. et al. Lubricant-Derived Ash Impact on Gasoline Particulate Filter Performance SAE Int. J. Engines 9 3 1604 1614 2016 10.4271/2016-01-0942
- Rose D. , Coulet B. , Nicolin P. et al Field-Study and Durability Evaluations on GDI Vehicles Equipped with Various Gasoline Particulate Filter (GPF) Concepts 25th Aachen Colloquium Automobile and Engine Technology