This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Efficiency and Emissions Characteristics of Partially Premixed Dual-Fuel Combustion by Co-Direct Injection of NG and Diesel Fuel (DI 2 )
Technical Paper
2016-01-0779
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
For the US market, an abundant supply of natural gas (NG) coupled with recent green-house gas (GHG) regulations have spurred renewed interest in dual-fuel combustion regimes. This paper explores the potential of co-direct injection to improve the efficiency and reduce the methane emissions versus equivalent fumigated dual-fuel combustion systems. Using the Westport HPDI engine as the experimental test platform, the paper reports the results obtained using both diffusion controlled (HPDI) combustion strategy as well as a partially-premixed combustion strategy (DI2). The DI2 combustion strategy shows good promise, as it has been found to improve the engine efficiency by over two brake thermal efficiency (BTE) points (% fuel energy) compared to the diffusion controlled combustion strategy (HPDI) while at the same time reducing the engine-out methane emissions by 75% compared to an equivalent fumigated dual-fuel combustion system. Details of the DI2 combustion process were obtained using 3D-CFD simulations and suggest further improvements of the dual-fuel combustion system are possible.
Recommended Content
| Technical Paper | Characterization and Potential of Premixed Dual-Fuel Combustion in a Heavy Duty Natural Gas/Diesel Engine |
| Technical Paper | Optimizing the Natural Gas Engine for CO2 reduction |
Authors
Citation
Florea, R., Neely, G., Abidin, Z., and Miwa, J., "Efficiency and Emissions Characteristics of Partially Premixed Dual-Fuel Combustion by Co-Direct Injection of NG and Diesel Fuel (DI2)," SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-0779, 2016, https://doi.org/10.4271/2016-01-0779.Also In
References
- US Dept of Energy Alternative Fuels Data Center http://www.afdc.energy.gov/data/ Oct 2015
- Westport Natural Gas Webinar 2014 http://www.westport.com/file_library/files/webinar/2014-07-10_NaturalGas201Webinar.pdf Dec 2015
- US Dept of Energy Alternative Fuels Data Center http://www.afdc.energy.gov/fuels/natural_gas_cng_stations.html Oct 2015
- US EPA 40 CFR Parts 85, 86, 600, et al.; NHTSA 49 49 CFR Parts 523, 534, and 535 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Standards and Fuel Efficiency Standards for Medium- and Heavy-Duty Engines and Vehicles; Final Rule Federal Register 2011
- US EPA 40 CFR Parts 9, 22, 85 et al. NHTSA 49 CFR Parts 512, 523, 534 et al. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Fuel Efficiency Standards for Medium and Heavy-Duty Engines and Vehicles-Phase 2; Proposed Rule Federal Register 2015
- State of California Air Resources Board Resolution 13-27 http://www.arb.ca.gov/board/books/2013/062713/prores1327.pdf 2013
- Kofod , M. and Stephenson , T. Well-to Wheel Greenhouse Gas Emissions of LNG Used as a Fuel for Long Haul Trucks in a European Scenario SAE Technical Paper 2013-24-0110 2013 10.4271/2013-24-0110
- IPCC, 2007 Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Pachauri , R.K and Reisinger , A. IPCC Geneva, Switzerland 104
- Williams , S. , Hu , L. , Nakazono , T. , Ohtsubo , H. et al. Oxidation Catalysts for Natural Gas Engine Operating under HCCI or SI Conditions SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 1 1 326 337 2009 10.4271/2008-01-0807
- Papagiannakis , R.G. , Rakopoulos , C.D. , Hountalas , D.T. , Rakopoulos , D.C. Emission characteristics of high speed, dual fuel, compression ignition engine operating in a wide range of natural gas/diesel fuel proportions Fuel 89 1397 1406 2010
- Cozzolini , A. , Littera , D. , Ryskamp , R. , Smallwood , J. et al. Characteristics of Exhaust Emissions from a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Retrofitted to Operate in Methane/Diesel Dual-Fuel Mode SAE Technical Paper 2013-24-0181 2013 10.4271/2013-24-0181
- Besch , M. , Israel , J. , Thiruvengadam , A. , Kappanna , H. et al. Emissions Characterization from Different Technology Heavy-Duty Engines Retrofitted for CNG/Diesel Dual-Fuel Operation SAE Int. J. Engines 8 3 1342 1358 2015 10.4271/2015-01-1085
- Stalhammer , P. , Erlandsson , L. , Willner , K. , and Johannesson , S. Assessment of Dual-Fuel Technology Report SGC 233 June 2011
- Wagemakers , A. and Leermakers , C. Review on the Effects of Dual-Fuel Operation, Using Diesel and Gaseous Fuels, on Emissions and Performance SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-0869 2012 10.4271/2012-01-0869
- Wheeler , J. , Stein , J. , and Hunter , G. Effects of Charge Motion, Compression Ratio, and Dilution on a Medium Duty Natural Gas Single Cylinder Research Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 7 4 1650 1664 2014 10.4271/2014-01-2363
- Zhang , D. Direct injection natural gas engines Advanced Direct Injection Combustion Engine Technologies and Development: Gasoline and Gas Engines Zhao , H. Elsevier 2014 199 228 9781845697327
- Goudie , D. , Dunn , M. , Munshi , S. , Lyford-Pike , E. et al. Development of a Compression Ignition Heavy Duty Pilot-Ignited Natural Gas Fuelled Engine for Low NOx Emissions SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-2954 2004 10.4271/2004-01-2954
- McTaggart-Cowan , G. , Bushe , W. , Rogak , S. , Hill , P. et al. Injection Parameter Effects on a Direct Injected, Pilot Ignited, Heavy Duty Natural Gas Engine with EGR SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-3089 2003 10.4271/2003-01-3089
- Hodgins , K. , Hill , P. , Ouellette , P. , and Hung , P. Directly Injected Natural Gas Fueling of Diesel Engines SAE Technical Paper 961671 1996 10.4271/961671
- Ouellette , P. , Mtui , P. , and Hill , P. Numerical Simulations of Directly Injected Natural Gas and Pilot Diesel Fuel in a Two-Stroke Compression Ignition Engine SAE Technical Paper 981400 1998 10.4271/981400
- McTaggart-Cowan , G.P. et.al. The Effects of High-Pressure Injection on a Compression Ignition, Direct Injection of Natural Gas Engine Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power April 2007 129 579
- McTaggart-Cowan , G.P. et.al. Particulate Matter Reduction from a Pilot-Ignited, Direct Injection of Natural Gas Engine ASME Technical Paper ICEF2012-92162
- McTaggart-Cowan , G. , Mann , K. , Huang , J. , Singh , A. et al. Direct Injection of Natural Gas at up to 600 Bar in a Pilot-Ignited Heavy-Duty Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 8 3 981 996 2015 10.4271/2015-01-0865
- Zoldak , P. , Sobiesiak , A. , Wickman , D. , and Bergin , M. Combustion Simulation of Dual Fuel CNG Engine Using Direct Injection of Natural Gas and Diesel SAE Int. J. Engines 8 2 846 858 2015 10.4271/2015-01-0851
- Munshi , S. R. , McTaggart-Cowan , G. P. , Huang , J. , Hill , P. G. Development of a Partially-Premixed Combustion Strategy for a Low-Emission, Direct Injection High Efficiency Natural Gas Engine Proceedings of the ASME 2011 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference, ICEF2011 October 2-5, 2011 Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Convergent Science Converge 2.2: Theory Manual 2015
- Amsden , A. A. , O’Rourke , P. J. , and Butler , T. D. KIVA-II: A Computer Program for Chemically Reactive Flows with Sprays Los Alamos National Laboratory Report No. LA 11560-MS 1989
- Warnatz , J. , Maas , U. , Dibble , R.W. Combustion: Physical and Chemical Fundamentals, Modeling and Simulation, Experiments, Pollutant Formation 4th Springer 2006
- Rahimi , A. , Fatehifar , A. , Saray , R.K. Development of an Optimized Chemical Kinetic Mechanism for Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition Combustion of a Fuel Blend of n-Heptane and Natural Gas Using a Genetic Algorithm Proceeding of the Institute of Mechanical Engineers 2010
- Ra , Y. , Kong , S. , Reitz , R. , Rutland , C. et al. Multidimensional Modeling of Transient Gas Jet Injection Using Coarse Computational Grids SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-0208 2005 10.4271/2005-01-0208
- Splitter , D. et.al. RCCI Engine Operation Towards 60% Thermal Efficiency SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-0279
- Gebert , K. , Beck , N. , Barkhimer , R. , and Wong , H. Strategies to Improve Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Dual-Fuel Pilot Ignited Natural Gas Engines SAE Technical Paper 971712 1997 10.4271/971712
- Hanson , R. and Reitz , R. Transient RCCI Operation in a Light-Duty Multi-Cylinder Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 6 3 1694 1705 2013 10.4271/2013-24-0050
- Kang , J. , Chang , C. , Chen , J. , and Chang , M. Concept and Implementation of a Robust HCCI Engine Controller SAE Technical Paper 2009-01-1131 2009 10.4271/2009-01-1131
- Wang , J. and Chadwell , C. On the Advanced Air-Path Control and Estimation for Multiple and Alternative Combustion Mode Engines SAE Technical Paper 2008-01-1730 2008 10.4271/2008-01-1730