This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Spray and Flame Behaviors of Ethanol-Gasoline Blend Injected by Hole-Type Nozzle for DISI Engine
Technical Paper
2015-01-1950
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Different ethanol-gasoline blended fuels, namely the E0 (100% gasoline), E85 (85% ethanol and 15% gasoline mixed in volume basis) and E100 (100% ethanol) were injected by a valve-covered-orifice (VCO) hole-type nozzle in a condition simulating the near top dead center (TDC). Two typical injection pressures of 10 and 20MPa were adopted to clarify the spray and flame behaviors. The correlation of the upstream unburned fuel and the flame propagation was analyzed by the high-speed imaging of shadowgraph. Moreover, the effects of ignition timing and location on the flame propagation were discussed based on the imaging of OH* chemiluminescence.
Authors
Citation
Chen, R., Okazumi, R., Nishida, K., and Ogata, Y., "Spray and Flame Behaviors of Ethanol-Gasoline Blend Injected by Hole-Type Nozzle for DISI Engine," SAE Technical Paper 2015-01-1950, 2015, https://doi.org/10.4271/2015-01-1950.Also In
References
- Zhao , F. , Lai , M-C , Harrington , D.L. Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines Prog Energy Combust Sci. 25 437 562 1999 10.1016/S0360-1285(99)00004-0
- Alkidas , A.C. Combustion Advancements in Gasoline Engines Energy Conversion Managmt 48 2751 2761 2007 10.1016/j.enconman.2007.07.027
- Nishida , K. , Tian , J.P. , Sumoto , Y. , Long , W.Q. et al. An Experimental and Numerical Study on Sprays Injected from Two-Hole Nozzles for DISI Engines Fuel 88 1634 1642 2009 10.1016/j.fuel.2009.01.003
- Drake , M.C. , Haworth , D.C. Advanced Gasoline Engine Development Using Optical Diagnostics and Numerical Modeling Proc Combust Inst. 31 99 124 2007 10.1016/j.proci.2006.08.120
- Stan , C. , Troeger , R. , Guenther , S. , Stanciu , A. et al. Internal Mixture Formation and Combustion - from Gasoline to Ethanol SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-1207 2001 10.4271/2001-01-1207
- Park , S.H. , Youn , I.M. , Lim , Y. , Lee , C.S. Effect of Bioethanol Blended Diesel Fuel and Engine Load on Spray, Combustion, and Emissions Characteristics in a Compression Ignition Engine Energy Fuels 26 5135 5145 2012 10.1016/j.energy.2014.10.020
- Rakopoulos , D.C. , Rakopoulos , C.D. , Kakaras , E.C. , Giakoumis , E.G. Effects of Ethanol-Diesel Fuel Blends on the Performance and Exhaust Emissions of Heavy Duty Dl Diesel Engine Energy Conversion Managmt. 49 3155 3162 2008 10.1016/j.enconman.2008.05.023
- Al-Farayedhi , A. , Al-Dawood , A. , and Gandhidasan , P. Effects of Blending Crude Ethanol with Unleaded Gasoline on Exhaust Emissions of SI Engine SAE Technical Paper 2000-01-2857 2000 10.4271/2000-01-2857
- Aleiferis , P.G. , Van Romunde , Z.R. An Analysis of Spray Development with Iso-octane, N-pentane, Gasoline, Ethanol and N-butanol from a Multi-Hole Injector under Hot Fuel Conditions Fuel 105 143 168 2013 10.1016/j.fuel.2012.07.044
- Serras-Pereira , J. , Aleiferis , P. , Richardson , D. , and Wallace , S. Characteristics of Ethanol, Butanol, Iso-Octane and Gasoline Sprays and Combustion from a Multi-Hole Injector in a DISI Engine SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 1 1 893 909 2009 10.4271/2008-01-1591
- Aleiferis , P.G. , Serras-Pereira , J. , Augoye , A. , Davies , T.J. et al. Effect of Fuel Temperature on In-Nozzle Cavitation and Spray Formation of Liquid Hydrocarbons and Alcohols from a Real-Size Optical Injector for Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition Engines Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 53 4588 4606 2010 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2010.06.033
- Oh , H. , Bae , C. , and Min , K. Spray and Combustion Characteristics of Ethanol Blended Gasoline in a Spray Guided DISI Engine under Lean Stratified Operation SAE Int. J. Engines 3 2 213 222 2010 10.4271/2010-01-2152
- Chen , L. , Braisher , M. , Crossley , A. , Stone , R. et al. The influence of Ethanol Blends on Particulate Matter Emissions from Gasoline Direct Injection Engines SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-0793 2010 10.4271/2010-01-0793
- Chen , L. , Richard , S. , Richardson , D. A Study of Mixture Preparation and PM Emission Using A Direct Injection Engine Fuelled with Stoichiometric Gasoline/Ethanol Blends Fuel 96 120 130 2012 10.1016/j.fuel.2011.12.070
- Turner , D. , Xu , H. , Cracknell F. , R. , Nararajan , V. et al. Combustion Performance of Bio-ethanol at Various Blend Ratio in A Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Fuel 90 1999 2006 2011 10.1016/j.fuel.2010.12.025
- Settles , G.S. Schlieren and Shadowgraph Techniques Springer-Verlag 2001
- Hiroyasu , H. and Arai , M. Structures of Fuel Sprays in Diesel Engines SAE Technical Paper 900475 1990 10.4271/900475
- Naber , J. and Siebers , D. Effects of Gas Density and Vaporization on Penetration and Dispersion of Diesel Sprays SAE Technical Paper 960034 1996 10.4271/960034
- Pickett , L. , Kook , S. , and Williams , T. Visualization of Diesel Spray Penetration, Cool-Flame, Ignition, High-Temperature Combustion, and Soot Formation Using High-Speed Imaging SAE Int. J. Engines 2 1 439 459 2009 10.4271/2009-01-0658
- Kook , S. , Le , M. , Padala , S. , and Hawkes , E. Z-type Schlieren Setup and its Application to High-Speed Imaging of Gasoline Sprays SAE Technical Paper 2011-01-1981 2011 10.4271/2011-01-1981
- Blessinger , M. , Meijer , M. , Pickett , L. , Manin , J. et al. Quantitative Mixing Measurement and Stochastic Variability of a Vaporing Gasoline Direct-Injection Spray 8 th U.S. National Combustion Meeting Utah, U.S. 2013
- Parsinejad , F. , Matlo , M. , Metghalchi , M. A Mathematical Model for Schlieren and Shadowgraph Images of Transient Expanding Spherical Thin Flames J. Eng. Gas Turb. Power 126 241 247 2004 10.1115/1.1688368
- Phrsinejad , F. , Keck , J.C. , Metghalchi , H. On the Location of Flame Edge in Shadowgraph Pictures of Spherical Flames: A Theoretical and Experimental Study Exp. Fluids 43 6 887 894 2007 10.1007/s00348-007-0355-6
- Hardalupas , Y. and Orain , M. Local Measurement of the Time-Dependent Heat Release Rate and Equivalence Ratio Using Chemiluminescence Emission from A Flame Combust Flame 39 188 207 2004 10.1016/j.combustflame.2004.08.003
- Lee , S.Y. , Seo , S. , Broda , J.C. , Pal , S. et al. An Experiment Estimation of Mean Reaction Rate and Flame Structure during Combustion Instability in A Lean Premixed Gas Turbine Combustor Proc Combust Inst. 28 775 782 2000 10.1016/S0082-0784(00)80280-5
- Siebers , D.L. and Higgins , B.S. Measurement of the Flame Lift-off Location on DI Diesel Sprays Using OH Chemiluminescence SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-0918 2001 10.4271/2001-01-0918
- Tian , J.P. , Kataoka , H. , Nishida , K. Experimental Study on Mixture Formation and Ignition Processes of Spray Injected by Hole-Type Nozzle for DISI Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 5 1 17 24 2012 10.4271/2011-32-0523
- Pickett , L.M. , Kook , S. , Williams , T.C. Visualization of Diesel Spray Penetration, Cool-Flame, Ignition, High-Temperature Combustion, and Soot Formation Using High-Speed Imaging SAE Int. Engines 2 1 439 459 2009 10.4271/2009-01-0658
- Kataoka , H. , Tian , J.P. , Sato , K. , Kitamitsu , K. et al. Mixture Distribution and Ignition Probability of Gasoline Spray Injected by Hole-type Nozzle Proceeding of the Nineteenth Symposium (ILASS-Japan) on Atomization Tokyo, Japan 129 136 2012
- Chato , M. , Fukuda , S. , Sato , K. , Fujikawa , T. et al. Fuel Spray Evaporation and Mixture Formation Processes of Ethanol/Gasoline Blend Injected by Hole-Type Nozzle for DISI Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 5 4 1836 1846 2012 10.4271/2012-32-0018
- Chen , R. and Nishida , K. Spray Evaporation of Ethanol-Gasoline-Like Blend and Combustion of Ethanol-Gasoline Blend Injected by Hole-Type Nozzle for Direct-Injection Spark Ignition Engines Fuel 134 263 273 2014 10.1016/j.fuel.2014.05.082
- Andrae , J.C.G. , Head , R.A. HCCI Experiments with Gasoline Surrogate Fuels Modeled by a Semidetailed Chemical Kinetic Model Combust Flame 156 842 851 2009 10.1016/j.combustflame.2008.10.002
- Truedsson , I. , Tuner , M. , Johansson , B. , and Cannella , W. Pressure Sensitivity of HCCI Auto-Ignition Temperature for Primary Reference Fuels SAE Int. J. Engines 5 3 1089 1108 2012 10.4271/2012-01-1128
- Van Lipzig , J.P.J. , Nilsson , E.J.K. , De Gody , L.P.H. , Konnov , A.A. Laminar Burning Velocities of n-Heptane, iso-Octane, Ethanol and Their Binary and Tertiary Mixtures Fuel 90 2773 2781 2011 10.1016/j.fuel.2011.04.029
- Bradley , D. , Lawes , M. , Mansour , M.S. Explosion Bomb Measurements of Ethanol-Air Laminar Gaseous Flame Characteristics at Pressure Up to 1.4 MPa Combust Flame 156 1462 1470 2009 10.1016/j.combustflame.2009.02.007
- Broustail , G. , Seers , P. , Halter , F. , Moréac , G. et al. Experimental Determination of Laminar Burning Velocity for Butanol and Ethanol iso-Octane Blends Fuel 90 1 6 2011 10.1016/j.fuel.2009.08.043
- Splitter , D. , Szybist , J. Experimental Investigation of Spark-Ignition Combustion with High-Octane Biofuels and EGR.2.Fuel and EGR Effects on Knock-Limited Load and Speed Energy Fuels 28 1432 1445 2014 10.1021/ef401575e
- Aleiferis , P.G. , Serras-Pereira , J. , Van Romunde , Z. , Caine , J. et al. Mechanisms of Spray Formation and Combustion from A Multi-Hole Injector with E85 and Gasoline Combust Flame 157 735 756 2010 10.1016/j.combustflame.2009.12.019
- Catapano , F. , Sementa , P. , Vaglieco , B.M. Optical Characterization of Bio-Ethanol Injection and Combustion in A Small DISI Engine for Two Wheels Vehicles Fuel 106 651 656 2013 10.1016/j.fuel.2012.11.064
- Ihracska , B. , Korakianitis , T. , Ruiz , P. , Emberson , D.R. et al. Assessment of Elliptic Flame Front Propagation Characteristics of iso-Octane, Gasoline, M85 and E85 in An Optical Engine Combust Flame 161 696 710 2013 10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.07.020
- Zeng , W. , Idicheria , C. , Fansler , T. , and Drake , M. Conditional Analysis of Enhanced Combustion Luminosity Imaging in a Spray-Guided Gasoline Engine with High Residual Fraction SAE Technical Paper 2011-01-1281 2011 10.4271/2011-01-1281
- Ozdor , N. , Dulger , M. , Sher , E. Cyclic Variability in Spark Ignition Engines A Literature Survey SAE Technical Paper 860065 1986 10.4271/860065
- Chen , R. , Nishida , K , Kataoka , H. Characterization of the Ignition and Combustion Processes of Spray Injected by a Hole-type Nozzle for a Direct-injection Spark Ignition Engine Proc IMechE Part D: J Automobile Engineering 228 6 617 630 2014 10.1177/0954407013508279
- Türköz , N. , Erkus , B. , Karamangil , M. , Sürmen , A. et al. Experimental Investigation of the Effect of E85 on Engine Performance and Emissions under Various Ignition Timings Fuel 115 826 832 2014 10.1016/j.fuel.2013.03.009
- Sjöberg , M. and Reuss , D. NOx-Reduction by Injection-Timing Retard in a Stratified-Charge DISI Engine using Gasoline and E85 SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 5 3 1096 1113 2012 10.4271/2012-01-1643
- Sjöberg , M. and Reuss , D. High-Speed Imaging of Spray-Guided DISI Engine Combustion with Near-TDC Injection of E85 for Ultra-Low NO and Soot Proc. Combust. Inst. 34 2933 2940 2013 10.1016/j.proci.2012.05.033