This content is not included in your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
GDI Spray-Wall Interaction with Numerical Characterization: Wall Temperature Influence
Technical Paper
2015-01-0917
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The work analyses, from both an experimental and a numerical point of view, the impingement of a spray generated from a GDI injector on a hot solid wall. The temperature of the surface is identified as an important parameter affecting the outcome after impact. A gasoline spray issuing from a customized single-hole injector is characterized in a quiescent optically-accessible vessel as it impacts on an aluminum plate placed at 22.5 mm from the injector tip. Optical investigations are carried out at atmospheric back-pressure by a direct schlieren optical set-up using a LED as light source. A synchronized C-Mos high-speed camera captures cycle-resolved images of the evolving impact. The spatial and temporal evolution of the liquid and vapor phases are derived. They serve to define a data base to be used for the validation of a properly formulated 3D CFD model suitable to describe the impact of the fuel on the piston head in a real engine. The numerical simulations are effected in order to highlight the predictive capabilities of the model proposed by Kuhnke, not only with respect to the various hydro-dynamic regimes of splashing and deposition of impacting droplets, but also in consideration of the transient heat transfer between the wall and the droplets, that enhances evaporation. Three injection pressures are tested. Two values of the wall temperature are assumed, being above the Leidenfrost point for gasoline.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Montanaro, A., Costa, M., Sorge, U., and Allocca, L., "GDI Spray-Wall Interaction with Numerical Characterization: Wall Temperature Influence," SAE Technical Paper 2015-01-0917, 2015, https://doi.org/10.4271/2015-01-0917.Also In
References
- Wang, C., Xu, H., Herreros, J. M., Wang, J., Crancknell, R., “Impact of Fuel and Injection System on Particle Emissions from a GDI Engine”, Applied Energy, Vol. 132, pp. 178-191, 2014
- Shim, Y. S., Choi, G. M., Kim, D. J., “Numerical and Experimental Study on Effect of Wall Geometry on Wall Impingement Process of Hollow Cone Fuel Spray under Various Ambient Conditions”, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, Vol. 35, pp. 885-895, 2009
- Drake, M.C., Haworth, D.C., “Advanced Gasoline Engine Development Using Optical Diagnostic and Numerical Modeling”, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 31, pp. 99-124, 2007
- Thévenin, D., Janiga, G. Eds., Optimization and Computational Fluid Dynamics, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2008
- Costa, M., Sorge, U., Allocca, L., “CFD Optimization for GDI Spray Model Tuning and Enhancement of Engine Performance”, Advances in Engineering Software, Vol. 49, pp. 43-53, 2012
- Ashgriz, N. Ed., Handbook of Atomization and Sprays - Theory and Applications, Springer, New York, 2011
- Moreira, A. L. N., Moita, A. S., Panao, M. R., “Advances and Challenges in Explaining Fuel Spray Impingement: How Much of Single Droplet Impact Research is Useful?”, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 36, pp. 554-580, 2010
- Bernardin, J. D., Mudawar, I., “Transition Boiling Heat Transfer of Droplets Streams and Sprays”, Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 129, pp. 1605-1610, 2007
- Oh, H., Bae, C., “Effects of the Injection Timing on Spray and Combustion Characteristics in a Spray-Guided DISI Engine under Lean-Stratified Operation”, Fuel, Vol. 107, pp. 225-235, 2013.
- Kuhnke, D., “Spray Wall Interaction Modeling by Dimensionless Data Analysis”, PhD Thesis, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 2004
- Pawlowski, A., Kneer, R., and Parrish, S.E., “Multihole injector spray characterization utilizing white light volume illumination and schlieren techniques,” 20th Annual Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems, Chicago, Illinois, May, 2007.
- Parrish, S.E., and Zink R. J., “Development and application of an imaging system to evaluate liquid and vapor envelopes of sprays from a multi-hole gasoline fuel injector operating under engine- like conditions” Atomization and Sprays, pages 647-661, DOI:10.1615/AtomizSpr.2012006215
- Montanaro, A., Allocca, L., Sorge, U., Zhang, A. et al., “Simultaneous Shadowgraph/Mie Scattering Imaging of Liquid and Vapor Phases of Diesel Sprays and Validation of a Numerical Model,” SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-2744, 2014, doi:10.4271/2014-01-2744.
- Malaguti, S., Fontanesi, S., Cantore, G., Allocca, L., Montanaro A., “Modelling of Primary Breakup of a Gasoline Direct Engine Multi-Hole Spray”, Atomization and Sprays 23(10), pp.861-888
- Fardad, D. and Ladommatos, N., “Evaporation of Hydrocarbon Compounds, including Gasoline and Diesel Fuel, on Heated Metal Surface”, IMechE 1999, Proc Instn Mech Engrs, vol 213 Part D
- Allocca, L., Lazzaro, M., Meccariello, G., Montanaro, A., “Schlieren Visualization of a GDI Spray Impacting on a Heated Wall: Non-Vaporizing and Vaporizing Evolutions”, Accepted at SEEP 2014, Int. Conf. on Sustainable Energy & Environmental Protecton, Dubai-UAE, 23-25 Nov. 2014
- Bosch, W., “The Fuel Rate Indicator: A New Measuring Instrument For Display of the Characteristics of Individual Injection,” SAE Technical Paper 660749, 1966, doi:10.4271/660749.
- Wallace, I., “Injection Rate Gauge: Pass Off Information and User Instructions”, Fuel & Engine Management Systems, Graz, 2002
- Allocca, L., Alfuso, S., Corcione, F. E., “Assessment of Dynamic Performances of Diesel Solenoid Injectors for a Multiple Injection Common Rail System”, SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-21, 2003.
- https://www.avl.com/web/ast/fire
- Ramos, J. I., “Internal Combustion Engine Modelling”, CRC Press, 1989
- Huh, K. Y., Gosman, A. D., “A Phenomenological Model of Diesel Spray Atomization”, International Conference on Multiphase Flows, Tsukuba, Japan, 1991
- O'Rourke, P. J., Bracco, F. V., “Modeling of Drop Interactions in Thick Sprays and a Comparison with Experiments”, IMECHE, London, 1980
- Nordin, N., “Complex Chemical Modeling of Diesel Spray Combustion”, PhD Thesis, Chalmers University of Technology, 2001
- Brenn, G., Deviprasath, L. J., Durst, F., “Computations and Experiments on the Evaporation of Multi-Component Droplets”, Proceedings 9th International Conference Liquid Atomization Spray Systems (ICLASS), Sorrento, 2003.
- Dukowicz, J. K., “Quasi-Steady Droplet Change in the Presence of Convection”, informal report Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, Los Alamos Report LA7997-MS, 1979
- Mundo, C., Sommerfeld, M., Tropea, C., “Droplet-Wall Collisions: Experimental Studies of the Deformation and Breakup Process”, International Journal of Multiphase Flows, Vol. 21(2), pp. 151-173, 1995
- Wruck, N., Renz, U., “Transient Phase-Change of Droplets Impacting on a Hot Wall”, Transient Phenomena in Multiphase and Multicomponent Systems: Research Report, pp. 210 - 226, 2007, ISBN: 9783527610785.