This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Development of a Small Rotary SI/CI Combustion Engine
Technical Paper
2014-32-0104
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
This paper describes the development of small rotary internal combustion engines developed to operate on the High Efficiency Hybrid Cycle (HEHC). The cycle, which combines high compression ratio (CR), constant-volume (isochoric) combustion, and overexpansion, has a theoretical efficiency of 75% using air-standard assumptions and first-law analysis. This innovative rotary engine architecture shows a potential indicated efficiency of 60% and brake efficiency of >50%. As this engine does not have poppet valves and the gas is fully expanded before the exhaust stroke starts, the engine has potential to be quiet. Similar to the Wankel rotary engine, the ‘X’ engine has only two primary moving parts - a shaft and rotor, resulting in compact size and offering low-vibration operation. Unlike the Wankel, however, the X engine is uniquely configured to adopt the HEHC cycle and its associated efficiency and low-noise benefits. The result is an engine which is compact, lightweight, low-vibration, quiet, and fuel-efficient.
Two prototype engines are discussed. The first engine is the larger X1 engine (70hp), which operates on the HEHC with compression-ignition (CI) of diesel fuel. A second engine, the XMv3, is a scaled down X engine (70cc / 3HP) which operates with spark-ignition (SI) of gasoline fuel. Scaling down the engine presented unique challenges, but many of the important features of the X engine and HEHC cycle were captured. Preliminary experimental results including firing analysis are presented for both engines. Further tuning and optimization is currently underway to fully exploit the advantages of HEHC with the X architecture engines.
Recommended Content
| Technical Paper | Rotary High Efficiency Hybrid Cycle Engine |
| Technical Paper | High Efficiency Hybrid Cycle Engine |
Authors
Topic
Citation
Shkolnik, A., Littera, D., Nickerson, M., Shkolnik, N. et al., "Development of a Small Rotary SI/CI Combustion Engine," SAE Technical Paper 2014-32-0104, 2014, https://doi.org/10.4271/2014-32-0104.Also In
References
- Blair , G. Design and Simulation of Four-Stroke Engines Warrendale Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1999 10.4271/R-186
- Norbye , Jan P. The Wankel Engine Bailey & Swinfen 1971 http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/R-186
- Yamamoto , K. Rotary Engine Toyo Kogyo Co. Japan 1971
- Ohkubo , M. , Tashima , S. , Shimizu , R. , Fuse , S. et al. Developed Technologies of the New Rotary Engine (RENESIS) SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-1790 2004 10.4271/2004-01-1790
- Muroki , T. and Miyata , J. Material Technology Development Applied to Rotary Engine at Mazda SAE Technical Paper 860560 1986 10.4271/860560
- Froede , W. The NSU-Wankel Rotating Combustion Engine SAE Technical Paper 610017 1961 10.4271/610017
- Shkolnik , N. Internal Combustion Power System US Patent 7,191,738 2003
- Shkolnik , A. and Shkolnik , N. High Efficiency Hybrid Cycle (HEHC) Thermodynamic Cycle US Patent 8,365,698 2007
- Shkolnik , A. and Shkolnik , N. High Efficiency Hybrid Cycle (HEHC) X Engine PCT Patent Application: US2012-0294747 2012
- Nabours , S. , Shkolnik , N. , Nelms , R. , Gnanam , G. et al. High Efficiency Hybrid Cycle Engine SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-1110 2010 10.4271/2010-01-1110
- Shkolnik , N. and Shkolnik , A. Rotary High Efficiency Hybrid Cycle Engine SAE Technical Paper 2008-01-2448 2008 10.4271/2008-01-2448
- Shkolnik , N. and Shkolnik , A. High Efficiency Hybrid Cycle Engine proceedings of the ASME Fall Conference on Internal Combustion Engines, ICEF2005-1221 2005 10.1115/ICEF2005-1221
- Shkolnik , A. , Shkolnik , N. , Nabours , S. , Nickerson , M. , Cho , K. , Shah , H. , Sapre , C. , Louthan , L. , Danner , B. , and Phillips , E. Development of the High Efficiency X1 Rotary Diesel Engine 2012 Directions in Engine-Efficiency and Emissions Research (DEER) Conference Michigan 2012
- Cao , Y. Thermodynamic Cycles of Internal Combustion Engines for Increased Thermal Efficiency, Constant-Volume Combustion, Variable Compression Ratio, and Cold Start SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-4115 2007 10.4271/2007-01-4115
- Heywood , J. Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals McGraw-Hill New York 1988
- Shimizu , R. , Tadokoro , T. , Nakanishi , T. , and Funamoto , J. Mazda 4-Rotor Rotary Engine for the Le Mans 24-Hour Endurance Race SAE Technical Paper 920309 1992 10.4271/920309
- LiquidPiston ‘X’ Engine animation http://liquidpiston.com/technology/how-it-works/
- LiquidPiston XMv3 Engine video http://vimeo.com/99002635
- Shkolnik , N. , and Shkolnik , A. Cycloid rotor engine US Patent # 8,523,546 2013
- Shkolnik , N. , and Shkolnik , A. Hybrid Cycle Combustion Engine and Methods US Patent # 8,794,211 2014
- Li , W. , Gu , F. , Ball , A. D. , Leung , A. Y. T. , Phipps , C.E. A Study Of The Noise From Diesel Engines Using The Independent Component Analysis Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 15 6 1165 1184 2001 10.1006/mssp.2000.1366