This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Thermodiffusive Effect on the Flame Development in Lean Burn Spark Ignition Engine
Technical Paper
2014-01-2630
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
In Spark Ignition engines, the heat release rate is not only piloted by the mixture reactivity but also by its sensitivity to stretch effects. Only few results can be found in the literature about flame stretch effect in SI engine configurations.
For this study, three different fuels (Methane, Propane, Iso-octane) were studied, but at different air-fuel lean mixture conditions, to present almost equivalent laminar flame speeds and thermo-dynamical properties at ignition timing condition. Besides those mixtures present different Lewis numbers which are relevant parameters to describe flame-stretch interactions. Mie-scattering tomography was then performed in an optical Spark Ignition (S.I.) engine. Using a high speed camera, flame propagation images were acquired through the piston. Thermodynamic analyses based on in-cylinder pressure traces were performed to estimate in-cylinder temperature and burnt mass fraction during the engine cycle.
From the determination of flame areas, the global flame stretch and an equivalent propagation speed have been then defined and estimated. Results prove that mixtures have the same ranking in terms of flame stretch sensitivities as in the laminar regime. Probability density functions of flame curvature are centered on 0.05 mm−1 for the three mixtures whereas differences are observed on the global wrinkling. Finally the impact of the Lewis number on the Burned Mass Fraction curved was studied thus showing a linear relationship between crank angle corresponding to 5 and 10 % of burned mass fraction and the Lewis number.
Recommended Content
Authors
Citation
Brequigny, P., Halter, F., Mounaïm-Rousselle, C., Moreau, B. et al., "Thermodiffusive Effect on the Flame Development in Lean Burn Spark Ignition Engine," SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-2630, 2014, https://doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-2630.Also In
References
- Candel S. M. and Poinsot T. J. Flame Stretch and the Balance Equation for the Flame Area Combust. Sci. Technol. 70 1-3 1 15 1990 10.1080/00102209008951608
- Bradley D. , Hicks R. A. , Lawes M. , Sheppard C. G. W. , and Woolley R. The Measurement of Laminar Burning Velocities and Markstein Numbers for Iso-octane-Air and Iso-octane-n-Heptane-Air Mixtures at Elevated Temperatures and Pressures in an Explosion Bomb Combust. Flame 115 1-2 126 144 1998 10.1016/S0010-2180(97)00349-0
- Bradley D. , Lawes M. , and Mansour M. S. Explosion bomb measurements of ethanol-air laminar gaseous flame characteristics at pressures up to 1.4 MPa Combust. Flame 156 7 1462 1470 2009 10.1016/j.combustflame.2009.02.007
- Kelley A. P. , Smallbone A. J. , Zhu D. L. , and Law C. K. Laminar flame speeds of C5 to C8 n-alkanes at elevated pressures: Experimental determination, fuel similarity, and stretch sensitivity Proc. Combust. Inst. 33 1 963 970 2011 10.1016/j.proci.2010.06.074
- Bradley D. , Lawes M. , Liu K. , and Mansour M. S. Measurements and correlations of turbulent burning velocities over wide ranges of fuels and elevated pressures Proc. Combust. Inst. 34 1 1519 1526 2013 10.1016/j.proci.2012.06.060
- Abdel-Gayed R. G. , Bradley D. , Hamid M. N. , and Lawes M. Lewis number effects on turbulent burning velocity Symp. Combust. 20 1 505 512 1985 10.1016/S0082-0784(85)80539-7
- Renou B. , Boukhalfa A. , Puechberty D. , and Trinité M. Effects of stretch on the local structure of preely propagating premixed low-turbulent flames with various lewis numbers Symp. Combust. 27 1 841 847 1998 10.1016/S0082-0784(98)80480-3
- Aleiferis P. G. , Taylor A. M. K. P. , Ishii K. , and Urata Y. The nature of early flame development in a lean-burn stratified-charge spark-ignition engine Combust. Flame 136 3 283 302 2004 10.1016/j.combustflame.2003.08.011
- Aleiferis P. G. , Serras-Pereira J. , and Richardson D. Characterisation of flame development with ethanol, butanol, iso-octane, gasoline and methane in a direct-injection spark-ignition engine Fuel 109 256 278 2013 10.1016/j.fuel.2012.12.088
- Serras-Pereira , J. , Aleiferis , P. , Richardson , D. , and Wallace , S. Characteristics of Ethanol, Butanol, Iso-Octane and Gasoline Sprays and Combustion from a Multi-Hole Injector in a DISI Engine SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 1 1 893 909 2008 10.4271/2008-01-1591
- Driscoll J. F. Turbulent premixed combustion: Flamelet structure and its effect on turbulent burning velocities Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 34 1 91 134 Feb. 2008 10.1016/j.pecs.2007.04.002
- Richard S. , Colin O. , Vermorel O. , Benkenida A. , Angelberger C. , and Veynante D. Towards large eddy simulation of combustion in spark ignition engines Proc. Combust. Inst. 31 2 3059 3066 2007 10.1016/j.proci.2006.07.086
- Williams F. A. A review of some theretical considerations of turbulent flame structure in Agard Conference Procedings No. 164 1975
- Markstein G. H. Non-steady Flame Propagation Pergamon Press 1964
- Clavin P. Dynamic behavior of premixed flame fronts in laminar and turbulent flows Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 11 1 1 59 1985 10.1016/0360-1285(85)90012-7
- Chen Z. On the extraction of laminar flame speed and Markstein length from outwardly propagating spherical flames Combust. Flame 158 2 291 300 10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.09.001
- Kelley A. P. and Law C. K. Nonlinear effects in the extraction of laminar flame speeds from expanding spherical flames Combust. Flame 156 9 1844 1851 2009 10.1016/j.combustflame.2009.04.004
- Halter F. , Tahtouh T. , and Mounaïm-Rousselle C. Nonlinear effects of stretch on the flame front propagation Combust. Flame 157 10 1825 1832 2010 10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.05.013
- Smith G. P. , Golden D. M. , Frenklach M. , Moriarty N. W. , Eiteneer B. , Goldenberg M. , Bowman C. T. , Hanson R. K. , Song S. , Gardiner W. C. J. , Lissianski V. V. , and Qin Z. GRI-Mech 3.0.
- Wang H. , You X. , Joshi A. V. , Davis S. G. , Laskin A. , Egolfopoulos F. , and Law C. K. USC Mech Version II. High-Temperature Combustion Reaction Model of H2/CO/C1-C4 Compounds 2007 http://ignis.usc.edu/USC_Mech_II.htm
- Hasse C. , Bollig M. , Peters N. , and Dwyer H. A. Quenching of laminar iso-octane flames at cold walls Combust. Flame 122 1-2 117 129 Jul. 2000 10.1016/S0010-2180(00)00107-3
- Galmiche B. , Halter F. , and Foucher F. Effects of high pressure, high temperature and dilution on laminar burning velocities and Markstein lengths of iso-octane/air mixtures Combust. Flame 159 11 3286 3299 2012 10.1016/j.combustflame.2012.06.008
- Gu X. J. J. , Haq M. Z. Z. , Lawes M. , and Woolley R. Laminar burning velocity and Markstein lengths of methane-air mixtures Combust. Flame 121 1-2 41 58 Apr. 2000 10.1016/S0010-2180(99)00142-X
- Broustail G. , Halter F. , Seers P. , Moréac G. , and Mounaïm-Rousselle C. Experimental determination of laminar burning velocity for butanol/iso-octane and ethanol/iso-octane blends for different initial pressures Fuel 106 310 317 2013 10.1016/j.fuel.2012.10.066
- Pajot , O. , Mounaϊm-Rousselle , C. , and Queiros-Conde , D. New Data on Flame Behaviour in Lean Burn S.I. Engine SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-1956 2001 10.4271/2001-01-1956
- Tahtouh T. Les effets combinés de l'hydrogène et de la dilution dans un moteur à allumage commandé Univ. Orleans 2010
- Hohenberg , G. Advanced Approaches for Heat Transfer Calculations SAE Technical Paper 790825 1979 10.4271/790825
- Renou B. and Boukhalfa A. An Experimental Study of Freely Propagating Premixed Flames at Various Lewis Numbers Combust. Sci. Technol. 162 1 347 370 2001 10.1080/00102200108952148
- Mokhtarian F. and Mackworth A. Scale-Based Description and Recognition of Planar Curves and Two-Dimensional Shapes Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions on PAMI-8 1 34 43 1986
- Brequigny , P. , Mounaïm-Rousselle , C. , Halter , F. , Moreau , B. et al. Impact of Fuel Properties and Flame Stretch on the Turbulent Flame Speed in Spark-Ignition Engines SAE Technical Paper 2013-24-0054 2013 10.4271/2013-24-0054
- Pajot O. Etude expérimentale de l'influence de l'aérodynamique sur le comportement et la structure du front de flamme dans les conditions d'un moteur à allumage commandé Université d'Orléans 2000
- Foucher F. , Burnel S. , and Mounaïm-Rousselle C. Evaluation of burning rates in the vicinity of the piston in a spark-ignition engine Proc. Combust. Inst. 29 1 751 757 2002 10.1016/S1540-7489(02)80096-7
- Shepherd I. G. and Ashurst W. T. Flame front geometry in premixed turbulent flames Symp. Combust. 24 1 485 491 Jan. 1992 10.1016/S0082-0784(06)80062-7