This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Spray Analysis of the PFAMEN Injector
Technical Paper
2013-24-0036
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
In an earlier study, a novel type of diesel fuel injector was proposed. This prototype injects fuel via porous (sintered) micro pores instead of via the conventional 6-8 holes. The micro pores are typically 10-50 micrometer in diameter, versus 120-200 micrometer in the conventional case. The expected advantages of the so-called Porous Fuel Air Mixing Enhancing Nozzle (PFAMEN) injector are lower soot- and CO2 emissions.
However, from previous in-house measurements, it has been concluded that the emissions of the porous injector are still not satisfactory. Roughly, this may have multiple reasons. The first one is that the spray distribution is not good enough, the second one is that the droplet sizing is too big due to the lack of droplet breakup. Furthermore air entrainment into the fuel jets might be insufficient. All reasons lead to fuel rich zones and associated soot formation.
To acquire more insight into the spray of the porous injector, several PFAMEN nozzles have been produced and investigated. The momentum of the spray was found to be an order of magnitude lower compared to conventional injectors. Afterwards, the porous injector was placed in an optically accessible engine, allowing the analysis of the spray development and combustion process. The main conclusion is that the spray penetration depth is relatively low. Finally, droplet size and velocities are presented using Phase Doppler Anemometry (PDA) and from these measurements it became clear that the droplets of the PFAMEN nozzle are larger compared to conventional injectors. This is believed to be caused by the low exit velocities.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Reijnders, J., Boot, M., de Goey, P., Bosi, M. et al., "Spray Analysis of the PFAMEN Injector," SAE Technical Paper 2013-24-0036, 2013, https://doi.org/10.4271/2013-24-0036.Also In
References
- Pickett , L.M. , Siebers , D.L. Orifice Diameter Effects on Diesel Fuel Jet Flame Structure Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 127 1 187 Feb 09 2005 10.1115/1.1760525
- Dodge , L. , Simescu , S. , Neely , G. , Maymar , M. et al. Effect of Small Holes and High Injection Pressures on Diesel Engine Combustion SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-0494 2002 10.4271/2002-01-0494
- Baik , S. , Blanchard , J. , and Corradini , M. Development of Micro-Diesel Injector Nozzles via MEMS Technology and Effects on Spray Characteristics SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-0528 2001 10.4271/2001-01-0528
- Gao , J. , Matsumoto , Y. , Namba , M. , and Nishida , K. Group-Hole Nozzle Effects on Mixture Formation and In-cylinder Combustion Processes in Direct-Injection Diesel Engines SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-4050 2007 10.4271/2007-01-4050
- Bergstrand , P. and Denbratt , I. The Effects of Multirow Nozzles on Diesel Combustion SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-0701 2003 10.4271/2003-01-0701
- Reijnders , J. , Boot , M. , Luijten , C. , de Goey , L. et al. Porous Fuel Air Mixing Enhancing Nozzle (PFAMEN) SAE Int. J. Engines 2 2 400 410 2010 10.4271/2009-24-0028
- Maes , N. , Reijnders , J. , Boot , M. , Luijten , C. et al. Spray and Failure Analysis of Porous Injection Nozzles SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-1654 2012 10.4271/2012-01-1654
- Vallen , R.G.M. Development of analysis tools for analyzing reacting and non-reacting fuel sprays in the EHPC Master thesis 2012 Eindhoven University of Technology
- Ubertini S. , Mariani F. , Postrioti L. Experimental Validation of Spray Breakup and Fuel Evaporation Models in High Pressure Ambient Conditions Thermo- and Fluid Dynamic Processes in Diesel Engines 2 Whitelaw J.H. et. al Springer 3-540-202187-4 61 85 2004
- Postrioti , L. and Ubertini , S. An Integrated Experimental-Numerical Study of HSDI Diesel Injection System and Spray Dynamics SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-1389 2006 10.4271/2006-01-1389
- Postrioti , L. , Mariani , F. , Battistoni , M. , and Mariani , A. Experimental and Numerical Evaluation of Diesel Spray Momentum Flux SAE Int. J. Engines 2 2 287 299 2010 10.4271/2009-01-2772
- Postrioti , L. , Bosi , M. , Mariani , A. , and Ungaro , C. Momentum Flux Spatial Distribution and PDA Analysis of a GDI Spray SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-0459 2012 10.4271/2012-01-0459
- Kennaird , D. , Crua , C. , Lacoste , J. , Heikal , M. et al. In- Cylinder Penetration and Break-Up of Diesel Sprays Using a Common-Rail Injection System SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-1626 2002 10.4271/2002-01-1626