This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Comparison of Diesel Combustion CFD Models and Evaluation of the Effects of Model Constants
Technical Paper
2012-01-0134
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
This paper describes numerical simulations that compare the performance of two combustion CFD models against experimental data, and evaluates the effects of combustion and spray model constants on the predicted combustion and emissions under various operating conditions. The combustion models include a Characteristic Time Combustion (CTC) model and CHEMKIN with reduced chemistry models integrated in the KIVA-3Vr2 CFD code. The diesel spray process was modeled using an updated version of the KH-RT spray model that features a gas jet submodel to help reduce numerical grid dependencies, and the effects of both the spray and combustion model constants on combustion and emissions were evaluated. In addition, the performance of two soot models was compared, namely a two-step soot model, and a more detailed model that considers soot formation from PAH precursors. Experimental data from four different diesel engines under different operating conditions were used to establish and validate the computation cases. The results show that the simpler KIVA-CTC combustion model can provide acceptable results over a wide range of operating conditions and with much higher computation efficiency than the KIVA-CHEMKIN model. However, the soot predictions are not as good, and more model constant tuning is required. The investigation reveals which model constants are more important than others during the model calibration processes, and guidelines are provided to simplify the model calibration process. Based on the results, general ranges of the relevant model constants are presented and a procedure is recommended to help calibrate models against experimental data.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Wang, H., Reitz, R., and Yao, M., "Comparison of Diesel Combustion CFD Models and Evaluation of the Effects of Model Constants," SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-0134, 2012, https://doi.org/10.4271/2012-01-0134.Also In
References
- Kong, S.C. Reitz, R.D. Multidimensional Modeling of Diesel Ignition and Combustion Using a Multistep Kinetics Model Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power-Transactions of the ASME 1993 115 4 781 789
- Xin, J. Montgomery, D. Han, Z. Reitz, R.D. Multidimensional Modeling of Combustion for a Six Mode Emissions Test Cycle on a Di Diesel Engine Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power-Transactions of the ASME 1997 119 3 683 691
- Kong, S. C. Han, Z. Reitz, R. D. “The Development and Application of a Diesel Ignition and Combustion Model for Multidimensional Engine Simulation,” SAE Technical Paper 950278 1995 10.4271/950278
- Han, Z. Uludogan, A. Hampson, G. Reitz, R. D. “Mechanism of Soot and NOx Emission Reduction Using Multiple-Injection in a Diesel Engine,” SAE Technical Paper 960633 1996 10.4271/960633
- Shi, Y. Reitz, R.D. Optimization Study of the Effects of Bowl Geometry, Spray Targeting, and Swirl Ratio for a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Operated at Low and High Load International Journal of Engine Research 2008 9 4 325 346
- Ge, H. Shi, Y. Reitz, R. D. Willems, W. “Engine Development Using Multi-Dimensional CFD and Computer Optimization,” SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-0360 2010 10.4271/2010-01-0360
- Kong, S. C. Marriott, C. Reitz, R. D. Christensen, M. “Modeling and Experiments of HCCI Engine Combustion Using Detailed Chemical Kinetics with Multidimensional CFD,” SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-1026 2001 10.4281/2001-01-1026
- Patel, A. Kong, S. C. Reitz, R. D. “Development and Validation of a Reduced Reaction Mechanism for HCCI Engine Simulations,” SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-0558 2004 10.4271/2004-01-0558
- Ra, Y. Reitz, R.D. A Reduced Chemical Kinetic Model for IC Engine Combustion Simulations with Primary Reference Fuels Combustion and Flame 2008 155 4 713 738
- Brakora, J. L. Ra, Y. Reitz, R. D. “Combustion Model for Biodiesel-Fueled Engine Simulations Using Realistic Chemistry and Physical Properties,” SAE Int. J. Engines 4 1 931 947 2011 10.4271/2011-01-0831
- Singh, S. Reitz, R. D. Musculus, M. “Comparison of the Characteristic Time (CTC), Representative Interactive Flamelet (RIF), and Direct Integration with Detailed Chemistry Combustion Models against Optical Diagnostic Data for Multi-Mode Combustion in a Heavy-Duty DI Diesel Engine,” SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-0055 2006 10.4271/2006-01-0055
- Singh, S. Reitz, R.D. Musculus, M.P.B. Lachaux, T. Validation of Engine Combustion Models against Detailed in-Cylinder Optical Diagnostics Data for a Heavy-Duty Compression-Ignition Engine International Journal of Engine Research 2007 8 1 97 126
- Hiroyasu, H. Kadota, T. Arai, M. Development and Use of a Spray Combustion Modeling to Predict Diesel Engine Efficiency and Pollutant Emissions: Part 1 Combustion Modeling Bulletin of JSME 1983 26 569 575
- Nagle, J. Strickland-Constable, R.F. Oxidation of Carbon between 1000-2000 C Proceeding of the Fifth Carbon Conference 1962 1 154
- Reitz, R.D. Kong, S.C. Sun, Y. Modeling Diesel Spray Flame Liftoff, Sooting Tendency, and NOx Emissions Using Detailed Chemistry with Phenomenological Soot Model Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power-Transactions of the ASME 2007 129 1 245 251
- Fusco, A. Knox-Kelecy, A. Foster, D.E. Application of a Phenomenological Soot Model to Diesel Engine Combustion International Symposium COMODIA 1994 571 576
- Kazakov, A. Foster, D. E. “Modeling of Soot Formation During DI Diesel Combustion Using a Multi-Step Phenomenological Model,” SAE Technical Paper 982463 1998 10.4271/982463
- Appel, J. Bockhorn, H. Frenklach, M. Kinetic Modeling of Soot Formation with Detailed Chemistry and Physics: Laminar Premixed Flames of C-2 Hydrocarbons Combustion and Flame 2000 121 1-2 122 136
- Frenklach, M. Reaction Mechanism of Soot Formation in Flames Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 2002 4 11 2028 2037
- Tao, F. Golovitchev, V.I. Chomiak, J. A Phenomenological Model for the Prediction of Soot Formation in Diesel Spray Combustion Combustion and Flame 2004 136 3 270 282
- Vishwanathan, G. Reitz, R.D. Modeling Soot Formation Using Reduced Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Chemistry in n-Heptane Lifted Flames with Application to Low Temperature Combustion Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power-Transactions of the ASME 2009 131 3 032801-1 7
- Chen, W.M. Shuai, S.J. Wang, J.X. A Soot Formation Embedded Reduced Reaction Mechanism for Diesel Surrogate Fuel Fuel 2009 88 10 1927 1936
- Vishwanathan, G. Reitz, R.D. Development of a Practical Soot Modeling Approach and Its Application to Low-Temperature Diesel Combustion Combustion Science and Technology 2010 182 8 1050 1082
- Hardy, W.L. An Experimental Investigation of Advanced Diesel Combustion Strategies for Emissions Reductions in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine at High Speed and Medium Load Master's thesis University of Wisconsin-Madison WI, USA 2005
- Swor, T. Experimental Investigation of Adaptive Injection Strategies through Low and High Pressure Split Injections Master's thesis University of Wisconsin-Madison WI, USA 2009
- Cantrell, B.A. Validation of Advanced Combustion Models Applied to Multiple Injections in Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines Master's thesis University of Wisconsin-Madison WI, USA 2010
- Yao, M.F. Wang, H. et al. Experimental Study of N-Butanol Additive and Multi-Injection on HD Diesel Engine Performance and Emissions Fuel 2010 89 9 2191 2201
- Mingfa, Y. Hu, W. Zunqing, Z. Yan, Y. “Experimental Study of Multiple Injections and Coupling Effects of Multi-Injection and EGR in a HD Diesel Engine,” SAE Technical Paper 2009-01-2807 2009 10.4271/2009-01-2807
- Amsden, A. Kiva-3v, Release 2, Improvements to Kiva-3v. LA-UR-99-915 1999
- Han, Z. Reitz, R.D. Turbulence Modeling of Internal Combustion Engines Using RNG k-epsilon Models Combustion Science and Technology 1995 106 4-6 267 295
- Abani, N. Munnannur, A. Reitz, R.D. Reduction of Numerical Parameter Dependencies in Diesel Spray Models Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power-Transactions of the ASME 2008 130 3
- Ra, Y. Kong, S.-C. Reitz, R. D. Rutland, C. J. Han, Z. “Multidimensional Modeling of Transient Gas Jet Injection Using Coarse Computational Grids,” SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-0208 2005 10.4271/2005-01-0208
- Park, S.W. Reitz, R.D. A gas jet superposition model for CFD modeling of group-hole nozzle sprays International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow 2009 30 6 1193 1201
- Reitz, R. D. Munnannur, A. Comprehensive Collision Model for Multidimensional Engine Spray Computations Atomization and Sprays 2009 19 7 597 619
- Yoshikawa, T. Reitz, R.D. Validation of a grid independent spray model and fuel chemistry mechanism for low Temperature diesel combustion International Journal of Spray and Combustion Dynamics 2009 1 3 283 316
- Abani, N.A. Reitz, R.D. Modeling sub-grid scale mixing of vapor in diesel sprays using jet theory Atomization and Sprays 2010 20 71 83
- Patterson, M. A. Reitz, R. D. “Modeling the Effects of Fuel Spray Characteristics on Diesel Engine Combustion and Emission,” SAE Technical Paper 980131 1998 10.4271/980131
- Tao, F. Chomiak, J. “Numerical Investigation of Reaction Zone Structure and Flame Liftoff of DI Diesel Sprays with Complex Chemistry,” SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-1114 2002 10.4271/2002-01-1114
- Kong, S. Reitz, R.D. Application of detailed chemistry and CFD for predicting direct injection HCCI engine combustion and emissions Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 2002 29 1 663 669
- Kong, S.C. Reitz, R.D. Use of Detailed Chemical Kinetics to Study HCCI Engine Combustion With Consideration of Turbulent Mixing Effects Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 2002 124 3 702 707
- Kokjohn, S.L. Reitz, R.D. Investigation of the Roles of Flame Propagation, Turbulent Mixing, and Volumetric Heat Release in Conventional and Low Temperature Diesel Combustion Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power-Transactions of the ASME 2011 133 10 10.1115/1.4002948
- Reitz, R.D. Modeling Atomization Processes in High-Pressure Vaporizing Sprays Atomisation and Spray Technology 1987 3 4 309 337
- Beale, J.C. Reitz, R.D. Modeling Spray Atomization with the Kelvin-Helmholtz/Rayleigh-Taylor Hybrid Model Atomization and Sprays 1999 9 6 623 650
- Heywood, J.B. Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals 1988 New York McGraw-Hill
- Smith, G.P. Golden, D.M. Frenklach, M. Moriarty, N.W. Eiteneer, B. Goldenberg, M. Bowman, C.T. Hanson, R.K. Song, S. Gardiner, W.C. Jr. Lissianski, Vitali V. Qin, Z. http://www.me.berkeley.edu/gri_Mech 2005
- Sun, Y. Diesel Combustion Optimization and Emissions Reduction Using Adaptive Injection Strategies (AIS) with Improved Numerical Models Ph.D thesis University of Wisconsin-Madison WI, USA 2007
- Xi, J. Zhong, B.J. Reduced Kinetic Mechanism of N-Heptane Oxidation in Modeling Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Formation in Diesel Combustion Chemical Engineering & Technology 2006 29 12 1461 1468
- Yi, Y. Hessel, R. Zhu, G. Reitz, R. “The Influence of Physical Input Parameter Uncertainties on Multidimensional Model Predictions of Diesel Engine Performance and Emissions,” SAE Technical Paper 2000-01-1178 2000 10.4271/2000-01-1178
- Shi, Y. Ge, H.-W. Reitz, R.D. “Computational Optimization of Internal Combustion Engines,” 978-0-85729-618-4 Springer 2011 http://www.springer.com/engineering/mechanical+eng/book/978-0-85729-618-4