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Research on Emissions and Engine Lube Oil Deterioration of Diesel Engines with BioFuels (RME)
Journal Article
2011-01-1302
ISSN: 1946-3952, e-ISSN: 1946-3960
Sector:
Topic:
Citation:
Stepien, Z., Urzedowska, W., Oleksiak, S., and Czerwinski, J., "Research on Emissions and Engine Lube Oil Deterioration of Diesel Engines with BioFuels (RME)," SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 4(1):125-138, 2011, https://doi.org/10.4271/2011-01-1302.
Language:
English
Abstract:
In the diesel sector the fatty acid methyl esters (FAME's) -
in Europe mostly RME (rapeseed methyl ester) and in US mostly SME
(soja oil methyl ester) - are used as a various share, % volume
blends with the diesel fuel (B5, B7, B10, B20, Bxx). The present
joint project focuses on RME being the most important
representative of the biofuels of 1st generation in Europe. The
influences of RME blend fuels on emissions and on lube oil
deterioration are emphasized.
Emissions were investigated on a modern engine with exhaust gas
aftertreatment devices like SCR and (DPF+ SCR). Beside the legally
limited exhaust emission components some non-legislated like NO₂,
N₂O, NH₃ and nanoparticles were measured at stationary and dynamic
engine operation.
The most important findings are: - the increased percentage of
RME w/o aftertreatment causes an increase of NOx by
higher engine load and reduction of CO & HC; at transient
operation (ETC) these tendencies are less pronounced and only B100
shows an increase of NOx, - with SCR alone there are no
differences of NOx and of NOx reduction rate
(KNOX) with increasing RME portion; there is lowering of CO &
HC, - with DPF+SCR KNOX-values are slightly higher, than with SCR
alone, due to the production of NO₂ in the catalytic DPF (upstream
of SCR), - there is excellent count filtration efficiency of DPF,
up to 99.9%; with SCR alone there is usually a small reduction of
nanoparticles concentrations (in the range of 10-20%, similar like
a usual oxidation catalyst).
The paper describes as well significant problems related to the
influences of biofuels on engine lube oils deterioration
demonstrated by monitoring the engine lube oil aging during its
operation in heavy-duty (HD) and modern high speed direct injection
(HSDI) light-duty (LD) engine through the bench tests.
Subject to the long run durability engine tests were both:
mineral and synthetic engine lube oils with different improved
additives packages and viscosity ranges and with different
RME-blending ratios in fuel.
The research methodology used: standard analysis as well as
in-house-developed innovative methods, extensive analysis of engine
lubricants oxidation stability - thin lubricant film oxidation
tests and bulk lubricant oxidation tests.
It can be stated that: - the presence of bio-components in the
fuel has significant impact on multidirectional hastening of engine
lube oil destruction processes, - kind of base lube oil, lube oil
additives components and RME-portion, as well as engine design and
its operating conditions are very essential factors influencing the
engine lube oil performance, - the processes taking place in an
engine lubricant, influence adversely the limited possibilities of
bio-components evaporation from engine lube oil and contribute to
initiation of accelerated, deeper engine lube oil oxidation and
degradation.