This content is not included in your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Influence of Ethanol Blend Addition on Compression Ignition Engine Performance and Emissions Operated with Diesel and Jatropha Methyl Ester
Technical Paper
2009-01-1808
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The world is looking for an alternate fuel to replace the existing petroleum based products due to the depletion of natural resources and it has been projected for future unavailability and fluctuation of oil price in an international market. The EU directive targets 20% of all fuel should be from bio-fuels by 2020. There is a need to improve performance and emission levels in Compression Ignition (CI) or Spark Ignition (SI) engines to comply with stricter automotive norms and regulations due to the global warming issues. This research work is influenced by these factors and is expected to motivate the governing bodies to implement directives with higher bio fuel blends.
In this context, a four stroke, single cylinder naturally aspirated (NA) direct injection (DI) diesel engine with 8 BHP @ 1500 rpm coupled with water cooled eddy current dynamometer was used for the experiments. The performance and emission tests were carried on Compression Ignition Engine using blends (B20, B40, B60, B80 and B100) of Jatropha Methyl Esters (JME) and diesel. Also 5% of Ethanol was injected into the intake manifold by port injection method with the assistance of a mechanical fuel injection pump. It is premixed with intake air and can be considered as homogeneous charge combustion. This ethanol injection assisted in getting an improved combustion process in diesel and JME blends as well.
The engine performance was increased to about 3-5% by addition of 5% ethanol in CI engine fuel with diesel and Jatropha Methyl Ester blends. Also a reduction of emissions like Carbon monoxide (CO), Total Hydrocarbon (THC), and Smoke were achieved about 51%, 40% and 43% respectively. However NOx emission was 47% increased in nature at high engine load. These results were compared with the neat diesel fuel and it may be due to presence of oxygen contents in its fuel molecular structure and also it was observed from combustion of fuel in an engine.
Authors
Topic
Citation
Kannan, D., Nabi, M., and Hustad, J., "Influence of Ethanol Blend Addition on Compression Ignition Engine Performance and Emissions Operated with Diesel and Jatropha Methyl Ester," SAE Technical Paper 2009-01-1808, 2009, https://doi.org/10.4271/2009-01-1808.Also In
References
- DermibasA., “Biodiesel production from vegetable oils via catalytic and non-catalytic supercritical methanol transesterification methods”, Journal of Progress in energy and combustion science, Volume 31, 466-487. Elsevier Science, 2005.
- Directive 2003/30/EC of The European Parliament and of the Council of 8 May 2003, “The promotion of the use of biofuels or other renewable fuels for transport”, Official Journal of the European Union, http://ec.europa.eu/energy/res/legislation/doc/biofuels/en_final.pdf.
- HunkeA. L. and BarsicN. J., “Performance and emission characteristics of a naturally aspirated diesel engine with vegetable oils (Part-2)”, SAE Paper No. 810955, 1981.
- VellguthGerhard, “Performance of vegetable oils and their monoesters as fuel for diesel engines”, SAE Paper No. 831358, 1983.
- PetersonC.L., “Vegetable Oil as a Diesel Fuel: Status and Research Properties”, Transaction of the ASME 1986 29 (5), 1413-22.
- ZiejewskiM., GoettlerH., PraltG.V., “Comparative Analysis of the Long Term Performance of a Diesel Engine on Vegetable Oil Based Alternative Fuels”, SAE Paper No. 860301, 1986.
- HammerleninN., KorteV., RicheterH, SchroderG, “Performance Exhaust Emissions And Durability of Modern Diesel Engine Running on Rape Seed Oil”, SAE Paper No. 910848, 1991.
- BlackburnJH, PinchinR, NobreJit, Crichton BAL curseHW, , “Performance of Lubricating Oils in Vegetable Oil Ester Fueled Diesel Engines”, SAE Paper No. 831355, 1983.
- Nurun NabiMd., Einar HustadJohan and KannanDhandapani, “Production of Biodiesel from non edible Vegetable Oil and Its Effect on Diesel Emissions”, Proceedings of the 4th BSME-ASME International Conference on Thermal Engineering, Paper No. 94, 27-29 December, 2008, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
- National Biodiesel Board, USA, “Biodiesel Production”, http://www.biodiesel.org/
- ChoudhuryS., BoseP. K., “Jatropha derived Biodiesel-its suitability as CI engine fuel”, SAE Paper No. 2004-28-0088, 2004.
- International Energy Agency report “Biofuels for Transport”, Chapter 6, 2004.
- PischingerG H, SiekmannR W, FalconA M and FernandesF R (1982). Methylesters of Plant Oils as Diesel Fuels, either straight or in blends. Vegetable Oil Fuels proceedings of the Int. Conference on Plant and vegetable oils and fuels. ASAE 4-82, Fargo, ND, USA, 1982.
- GeyerS M, JacobusM J, and LestzS S (1983). Single-cylinder Diesel engine study of raw and transesterified vegetable oils. Vegetable oil as Diesel fuel, Seminar III, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research service, Northern Agricultural Energy Centre, Peoria, ILL., USA, pp157-162, October 19-20, 1983.
- MittelbachM, TritthartP and JunekH (1985). Diesel fuel derived from vegetable oils, II, Emission tests using rape oil ester. Energy in Agriculture No. 4, pp207-215, 1985.
- SchönbornAlessandro, LadommatosNicos, AllanRobert, WilliamsJohn and JohnRogerson., “Effect of the Molecular Structure of Individual Fatty Acid Alcohol Esters (Biodiesel) on the Formation of NOx and Particulate Matter in the Diesel Combustion Process”, SAE Paper No. 2008-01-1578, 2008.
- Bang-QuanHe, Jian-XinWang, Shi-JinShuai and Xiao-GuangYan, “Homogeneous Charge Combustion and Emissions of Ethanol Ignited by Pilot Diesel on Diesel Engines”, SAE Paper No. 2004-01-0094, 2004.
- De-gangLi, HuangZhen, Lu“Xingcai, ZhangWu-gao, YangJian-guang, “Physico-chemical properties of ethanol-diesel blend fuel and its effect on performance and emissions of diesel engines”, Renewable Energy 30 (2005), pp. 967-976, Elsevier publication.
- SchuetzleD, HanW, SrithammavongP, AkarapanjavitN, NorbeckJM, CorkwellK., “The evaluation of diesel/ethanol blends for diesel vehicles in Thailand: performance and emissions studies”, Proceedings of the 14th international symposium on alcohol (ISAF), Phuket, Thailand; November 2002.
- JamilGhojel, DamonHonnery, “Heat release model for the combustion of diesel oil emulsions in DI diesel engines”, Journal of Applied Thermal Engineering, Volume 25, (2005) 2072-2085, Elsevier publication.
- LeaheyD. M., JonesB. C., GilliganJ. W., BrownL. P., HamiltonL. J., GutteridgeC. E., CowartJ. S. and CatonP. A., “Combustion of Biodiesel-and Ethanol-Diesel Mixtures with Intake Injection”, SAE Paper No. 2007-01-4011, 2007.
- ToshioShudo, AtsushiFujibe, MotoharuKazahaya, YuzoAoyagi, HajimeIshii, YuichiGoto and AkiraNoda, “The Cold Flow Performance and the Combustion Characteristics with Ethanol Blended Biodiesel Fuel”, SAE Paper No 2005-01-3707, 2005.
- RakopoulosC. D., AntonopoulosK. A., RakopoulosD. C., “Experimental heat release analysis and emissions of a HSDI diesel engine fueled with ethanol-diesel fuel blends”, Journal of Energy 32 (2007), p-1791-1808.
- ChenH., WongJ., ShuaiS., ChenW., “Study of oxygenated biomass fuel blends on a diesel engine”. Fuel 87 (2007), 3462-3468.
- MiyamotoN., OgawaH., NabiM. N., ObataK. and ArimaT., “Smokeless, low NOx, high thermal efficiency, and low noise diesel combustion with oxygenated agents as main fuel”, SAE Paper No.980506 (1998).
- ChenHu, WangJian-Xin, ShuaiShi-Jin, AnXin-Liang and ChenWen-Miao, “Effects of Ethanol in Ester-Ethanol-Diesel Blended Fuels on Spray Behavior and PM Emission”, SAE Paper No 2006-01-0236, 2006.