Currently The European Union has been considered the best example in pedestrian protection. Since the 70s, the European Parliament together with research institutes and the automotive industry have been studying and developing methods to improve adjusted road structure, have also conducted studies on biomechanics applied to the subject, medical structure and required modifications in the vehicles.
Although it has been considered the best example, during 2004 in Europe (IRTAD)[1] about 39250 fatalities occurred in traffic situation. About 6900 (17,6%) of these were pedestrians and 2650 (6,7%) were bicyclists.
During 2004 in Japan (IRTAD) about 8500 fatalities occurred in traffic. About 2600 (30,7%) of these were pedestrians and 1150 (13,5%) were bicyclists.
The injury frequency of the pedestrian body segments has been investigated since the 60s and the head and the lower extremities have been found the most frequently injured. Head injuries are average 60% (ITARDA)[2] of the cause of death in pedestrian accidents.