This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
PEMS Light Duty Vehicles Application: Experiences in downtown Milan
Technical Paper
2007-24-0113
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PEMS) are becoming an important regulatory tool to monitor the in-use compliance of large sources like heavy-duty vehicles (HDV) or non-road mobile machinery (NRMM). Legislative research programmes in Europe, United States and Japan are introducing PEMS in the regulations. The application of PEMS to light-duty vehicles (LDVs) is not part of or driven by official legislative requirements. However, as the vehicle-engine operation points in the laboratory test cycles are limited, emissions and fuel consumption under real world driving conditions can differ significantly from those measured under controlled laboratory conditions. The present paper discusses the application of PEMS to real-world emission measurements of passenger cars, under the light of the existing instruments and test protocols already developed for heavy-duty vehicles.
Data are reported for a measurement campaign carried out in downtown Milan. In the first phase, three light duty diesel vehicles, running on their duty cycles (most often in a urban and congested area), were equipped with smart data loggers to retrieve engine and vehicle activity parameters from the engine Electronic Control Unit (ECU) in order to monitor their driving conditions in the city of Milan. Data collected were used to identify “typical” operating patterns to be reproduced in the laboratory on the chassis dynamometer. The emissions results obtained on these ‘real-world’ cycles were compared to the ones obtained on the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC), to provide a first insight on the variability of emissions induced by the real-world conditions. In the second phase, a 2 litre Diesel vehicle was equipped with a commercial PEMS to measure exhaust emissions under real-world conditions. These results were compared to reference laboratory data under both a standard NEDC and a “typical” urban cycle using the Constant Volume Sampling (CVS) technique.
Recommended Content
| Technical Paper | Refinement of the Legislative Test Cell Conditions Based on Local Real World Ambient Condition |
| Technical Paper | Evaporative Emissions Under Real Time Conditions |
Authors
- L. Rubino - European Commission - DG Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability - Transport and Air Quality Unit
- P. Bonnel - European Commission - DG Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability - Transport and Air Quality Unit
- R. Hummel - European Commission - DG Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability - Transport and Air Quality Unit
- A. Krasenbrink - European Commission - DG Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability - Transport and Air Quality Unit
- U. Manfredi - European Commission - DG Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability - Transport and Air Quality Unit
- G. De Santi - European Commission - DG Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability - Transport and Air Quality Unit
- M. Perotti
- G. Bomba
Citation
Rubino, L., Bonnel, P., Hummel, R., Krasenbrink, A. et al., "PEMS Light Duty Vehicles Application: Experiences in downtown Milan," SAE Technical Paper 2007-24-0113, 2007, https://doi.org/10.4271/2007-24-0113.Also In
References
- Commission Directive 2005/78/EC “implementing Directive 2005/55/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council relating to the measures to be taken against the emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants from compression-ignition engines for use in vehicles, and the emission of gaseous pollutants from positive ignition engines fuelled with natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas for use in vehicles and amending Annexes I, II, III, IV and VI thereto”
- Commission Directive 2006/51/EC “implementing Directive 2005/55/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council relating to the measures to be taken against the emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants from compression-ignition engines for use in vehicles, and the emission of gaseous pollutants from positive ignition engines fuelled with natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas for use in vehicles and amending Annexes I, II, III, IV and VI
- Directive 2004/26/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive 97/68/EC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to measures against the emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants from internal combustion engines to be installed in non-road mobile machinery
- EPA Final Rule Part 1065 Test Procedures - Subpart J “Field Testing” - 40 CFR Part 1065, Subpart J
- European Project on Portable Emissions Measurement Systems: “EU-PEMS” Project: Status and Activity Report 2004-2005, January 2006, EUR Report EUR 22143 EN
- European Project On Portable Emissions Measurement Systems: “EU-PEMS” Project - Guide for the preparation and the execution on heavy-duty vehicles, version 2, EUR Report EUR 22280 EN
- Andre' M. Pronello, C. 1997 Relative influence of acceleration and speed on emissions under actual driving conditions International Journal of Engine Design 18 340 353
- Kageson P. 1998 Cycle-Beating and the EU Test Cycle for Cars European Federation for Transport and Environment Brussels
- Van de Weijer, C. 1997 Heavy Duty Emissions factors: development of representative driving cycles and prediction of emissions in real life TNO Delft
- Pelkmans, L. Debal P. 2006 Comparison of on-road emissions with emissions measured on chassis dynamometer test cycles Transportation Research D 11 233 241
- Andre' Michel 1996 Driving Cycles Development: Characterization of the Methods SAE Technical paper SAE 961112
- Watson, H.C. 1995 Effects of a wide range of driving cycles on the emissions from vehicles SAE Inc. Global Emissions Experiences: Processes, Measurements and Substrates, SP-1094 Warrendale, USA 119 132
- Joumard, R. Andre', M. Vidon, R. Tassel, P. Pruvost, C. 2000 Influence of driving cycles on unit emissions from passenger cars Atmospheric Environment 34 4621 4628
- Andre', M. 2001 Driving cycles derived from real world in-vehicle measurements for passenger cars and light duty vehicles: principles, database and main results - particular case of the Artemis driving cycles Deliverable for Artemis -WP300 for the European Commission Brussels
- Pelkmans, L Leaners, G. Debal, P. Hood, T. Hauser, G. Delgado, M.R. 2002 Comparison of fuel consumption and emissions of modern light duty vehicles in the EU-cycle versus real world driving Proceedings of Eleventh International Symposium Transport and Air Pollution 1 63 70
- Andre', M Joumard, R. Vidon, R. Tassel P. Perret, P. 2006 Real-world European driving cycles for measuring pollutant emissions from high and low-powered cars” Atmospheric Environment 40 5944 5953
- Andre', M. 2004 “The Artemis European driving cycles for measuring car pollutant emissions” Science of the Total Environment 334-335 73 84
- Wolf J. Guensler R. Frank L. Ogle J. 2000 “The use of electronic travel diaries and vehicle instrumentation packages in the Year 2000 Atlanta Regional Household Travel Survey” 9 th Intern. Assoc. of Travel Behaviour Research Conf. Queensland, Australia July 2-7 13
- On Vehicle Diesel Emission Analyzer - Semtech D User's manual - Document 9510-064, Revision 3.4 http://www.sensors-inc.com/
- Horiba MEXA-7000 Instruction Manual June 2001 http://www.emd.horiba.com/engmeas/mexa7000/#PAPERS
- ISO Standard 16183 - Heavy duty engines - Measurement of gaseous emissions from raw exhaust gas and of particulate emissions using partial flow dilution systems under transient test conditions