This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Physical Properties of Bio-Diesel and Implications for Use of Bio-Diesel in Diesel Engines
Technical Paper
2007-01-4030
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Event:
SAE 2007 Commercial Vehicle Engineering Congress & Exhibition
Powertrain & Fluid Systems Conference and Exhibition
Language:
English
Abstract
In this study we identify components of a typical biodiesel fuel and estimate both their individual and mixed thermo-physical and transport properties. We then use the estimated mixture properties in computational simulations to gauge the extent to which combustion is modified when biodiesel is substituted for conventional diesel fuel. Our simulation studies included both conventional diesel combustion (DI) and premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI). Preliminary results indicate that biodiesel ignition is significantly delayed due to slower liquid evaporation, with the effects being more pronounced for DI than PCCI. The lower vapor pressure and higher liquid heat capacity of biodiesel are two key contributors to this slower rate of evaporation. Other physical properties are more similar between the two fuels, and their impacts are not clearly evident in the present study. Future studies of diesel combustion sensitivity to both physical and chemical properties of biodiesel are suggested.
Recommended Content
Authors
Citation
Chakravarthy, K., McFarlane, J., Daw, S., Ra, Y. et al., "Physical Properties of Bio-Diesel and Implications for Use of Bio-Diesel in Diesel Engines," SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-4030, 2007, https://doi.org/10.4271/2007-01-4030.Also In
References
- Tat, M. E. Van Gerpen, J. H. 2003 Fuel Property Effects on Biodiesel 2003 ASAE Annual International Meeting Las Vegas, Nevada July 27-30
- Akasaka, Y. Suzuki, T. Sakurai, Y. 1997 Exhaust Emissions of a DI Diesel Engine Fueled with Blends of Biodiesel and Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel SAE Technical paper 972998
- Senatore, A. Cardone, M. Rocco, V. Prati, M. V. 2000 A Comparative Analysis of Combustion Process in D.I. Diesel Engine Fueled with Biodiesel and Diesel Fuel SAE technical paper 2000-01-0691
- McCormick, R. L. Alvarez, J. R. Graboski, M. S. Tyson, K. S. Vertin, K. 2002 Fuel Additive and Blending Approaches to Reducing NOx Emissions from Biodiesel SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-1658
- Szybist, J. P. Boehman, A. L. 2003 Behavior of a Diesel Injection System with Biodiesel Fuel SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-1039
- Tat, M. E. Van Gerpen, J. H. Wang, P. S. 2004 Fuel Property Effects on Injection Timing, Ignition Timing and Oxides of Nitrogen Emissions from Biodiesel-Fueled Engines 2004 ASAE/CSAE Annual International Meeting Ottowa, Ontario, Canada August 1-4
- Cheng, A.S. Upatnieks, A. Mueller, C.J. 2006 Investigation of the impact of biodiesel fuelling on NOx emissions using an optical direct injection diesel engine Int. J. Engine. Research 7 297 318
- Szybist, J. P. Boehman, A. L. Taylor, J. D. McCormick, R. L. 2005 Evaluation of formulation strategies to eliminate the biodiesel NOx effect Fuel Processing Technology 86 1109 1126
- Szybist, J. Simmons, J. Druckenmiller, M. Al-Qurashi, K. O. Boehman, A. L. Scaroni, A. 2003 Potential Methods for Nox Reduction From Biodiesel SAE Technical paper 2003-01-3205
- Marchese, A. J. Vaughn, T. L. Hammill, M. Harris, M. 2006 Ignition Delay of Bio-Ester Fuel Droplets SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-3302
- Knothe, G. Dunn, R.O. Bagby, M.O. 2003 Biodiesel: The Use of Vegetable Oils and Their Derivatives as Alternative Diesel Oil Fuels Chemical Research, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Peoria, IL 61604
- Kok, M.V. 2002 Thermal analysis applications in fossil-fuel science - Literature survey Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 68 3 1061 1077
- Kok, M.V. Pamir, M.R. 2000 Comparative pyrolysis and combustion kinetics of oil shales Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 55 2 185 194
- Fitzwater, J. 2005 Biodiesel Cold Blending Study National Biodiesel Board and the Cold Flow Blending Consortium Nov. 2005
- Allan, C.A.W. Watts, K.C. 2000 Comparative analysis of the atomization characteristics of fifteen biodiesel fuel types Transactions of the ASAE 43 2 207 211
- Krishna, C.R. Macdonald, R. 2005 Biofuel blend properties and future work at BNL OilHeat Visions, NORA/Brookhaven Technology Symposium August 25 2004
- Fisher, E.M. Pitz, W.J. Curran, H.J. Westbrook, C.K. 2000 Detailed chemical kinetics mechanisms for the combustion of oxygenated fuels Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 28 1579 1586
- Duran, A. Carmona, M. Monteagudo, J.M. 2004 Modeling soot and SOF emissions from a diesel engine Chemosphere 56 3 209 225
- Yuan, W. Hansen, A.C. Zhang, Q. 2003 Predicting the physical properties of biodiesel for combustion modeling Transactions of the ASAE 46 6 1487 1493
- Reid, R.C. Prausnitz, J.M. Sherwood, T.K. 1987 Properties of Gases and Liquids 4th New York, N.Y. McGraw-Hill
- Yamane, K. Ueta, A. Shimamoto, Y. 2001 Influence of physical and chemical properties of biodiesel fuel on injection, combustion, and exhaust emission characteristics in a DI-CI engine Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Diagnostics and Modeling of Combustion in Internal Combustion Engines, COMODIA 2001 July 1-4 2001 Nagoya
- Allan, C.A.W. Watts, K.C. Ackman, R.G. Pegg, M.J. 1999 Fuel 78 1319
- Schumacher, L. Chellappa, A. Wetherell, W. Russell, M.D. 1995 The physical and chemical characterization of biodiesel low sulfur diesel fuel blends National Biodiesel Board, U. Missouri Dec. 20 1995
- Tamim, J. Hallett, W.L.H. 1995 A continuous thermodynamics model for multicomponent droplet vaporization Chem. Eng. Science 50 2933 2942
- Herb, S.F. Magidman, P. Reimansc, R.W. 1967 Observations on response factors for thermal conductivity detectors in GLC analysis of fatty acid methyl esters J. Am. Oil Chemists Soc. 44 1 32
- Tseng, C.C. Viskanta, R. 2005 Effect of radiation absorption on fuel droplet evaporation Combustion Science and Technology 177 8 1511 1542
- Huber, M.L. Perkins, R.A. 2005 Thermal conductivity correlations for minor constituent fluids in natural gas: n-octane, n-nonane, and n-decane Fluid Phase Equilibria 227 47 55
- Ha, Z. Ring, Z. Liu, S. 2005 Energy and Fuel 19 152 163
- Hirshfelder, J.O. Curtiss C.F. Bird, R.B. 1954 Molecular Theory of Gases and Liquids John Wiley & Sons New York, NY 1954
- Chung, T.-H. Ajlan, M. Lee, L.L. Starling, K.E. 1988 Generalized multiparameter correlation for nonpolar and polar fluid transport properties Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 27 671 679
- Chung, T.H. Lee, L.L. Starling, K.E. 1984 Applications of kinetic gas theory and multiparameter correlation for prediction of dilute gas viscosity and thermal conductivity Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundam. 23 8 13
- Zhu, G.S. Aggarwal, S.K. 2000 Transient supercritical droplet evaluation with emphasis on the effects of equation of state Int. J. Heat and Mass Transfer 43 1157 1171
- Araújo, M.E. Meireles, M.A.A. 2000 Improving phase equilibrium calculation with the Peng-Robinson EOS for fats and oils related compounds/supercritical CO2 systems Fluid Phase Equilibria 169 49 64
- Yaw, C. L. CRC Handbook of Chemicals and Physics Chemical Properties Handbook McGraw-Hill Publishing Company 1999
- Tat, M.E. van Gerpen, J.H. 2000 The specific gravity of biodiesel and its blends with diesel fuel The Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 77 2 115 119
- van Bommel, M.J. Oonk, H.A.J. van Miltenberg, J.C. 2004 Heat capacity measurements of 13 methyl esters of n-carboxylic acids from methyl octanoate to methyl eicosanoate between 5K and 350K J. Chem. Eng. Data 49 1036 1042
- Malhotra, R. Woolf, L.A. 1996 PVT property measurements for the liquids ethyl propionate and ethyl butyrate from (278 to 338 K) and (0.1 to 380 MPa) J. Chem. Eng. Data 41 1371 1374
- Skelland, A.H.P. 1985 Diffusional Mass Transfer Krieger Publishing Company Malabar FL
- Takahashi, S. 1974 Preparation of a generalized chart for the diffusion coefficients of gases at high pressures J. Chem. Engng Japan 7 6 417 420
- Amsden, A. A. 1997 KIVA-3V: A block-structured KIVA program for engines with vertical or canted valves Los Alamos National Laboratory report LA-13313-MS
- Reitz R.D. Diwakar, R. 1987 Structure of High Pressure Sprays SAE Technical Paper 870598
- Ricart, L. M. Xin, J. Bower, G. R. Reitz, R. D. 1997 In-cylinder Measurement and Modeling of Liquid Fuel Spray Penetration in a Heavy Duty Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 971591
- Beale, J. C. Reitz, R. D. 1999 Modeling Spray Atomization with the K-H/R-T Hybrid Model Atomization and Sprays 9 623 650
- Ra, Y. Reitz, R. D. The Application of Multi-component Droplet Vaporization Model to Gasoline Direct Injection Engines Int. J. of Engine Research 4 3 193 218 2003
- Han, Z. Reitz, R. D. 1995 Turbulence Modeling of Internal Combustion Engines using RNG k-e models Combust. Sci. and Tech. 106 267 280
- Patel, A. Kong, S. C. Reitz, R. D. 2004 Development and Validation of a Reduced Reaction Mechanism for HCCI Engine Simulations SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-0558
- Kong, S.-C. Sun, Y. Reitz, R. D. 2007 Modeling Diesel Spray Flame Lift-off, Sooting Tendency and NOx Emissions Using Detailed Chemistry with Phenomenological Soot Model ASME Journal of Gas turbines and Power 129 245 251