In order to reduce the cost of exhaust aftertreatment development, OEMs are increasingly relying on simulation of catalysts, traps and associated control systems. In this regards, for example, considerable progresses have been made on modeling diesel particulate filters. The work described in this paper was sought to provide a valid diesel particulate filter (DPF) model for coupling with engine/vehicle models under the same toolbox.
A comprehensive two-level modeling approach, including a lumped parameter model and a detailed 1-D 3-layer-kinetics model, has been proposed for modeling wall-flow diesel particulate filters. Both are capable of modeling virtually all aspects of filter performance in terms of deep-bed filtration, particulate matter loading and filter regeneration. Model validation has been carried out rigorously against a variety of experiments consisting of filtration and regeneration data from both catalyzed and uncatalyzed filters, as well as the heat-up performance inside a SiC-based filter. Agreements between model predictions and experimental measurements are generally very well.
The proposed approach has been fully implemented into GT-Power - a comprehensive engine analysis code. With the current platform environment, a particulate filter can be simulated as a stand-alone device or as a sub-model component placed in a system model with control applications. To illustrate such applications, a protocol model/control of engine/vehicle/afterterment is also presented.