Reduction of Soot Emissions from a Direct Injection Diesel Engine using Water-in-Diesel Emulsion and Microemulsion Fuels

Authors

• Anna Lif - Chalmers University of Technology and Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry AB
• Magnus Skoglundh - Chalmers University of Technology
• Savo Gjirja - Chalmers University of Technology
• Ingemar Denbratt - Chalmers University of Technology

Topic

• Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)
• Diesel / compression ignition engines
• Diesel fuels
• Emissions
• Particulate matter (PM)

Citation

Also In

References

1. Lif, A. Holmberg, K. “Water-in-diesel emulsions and related systems” Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 2006
2. Ladommatos, N. Abdelhalim, S. Zhao, H. “The effects of exhaust gas recirculation on diesel combustion and emissions” International Journal of Engine Research 2000 1 107 126
3. Dryer, F.L. “Water addition to practical combustion systems - concepts and applications” Proceedings of the 16th symposium on Combustion MIT Aug 15-20 Pittsburgh, PA The Combustion Institute 1976 279
4. Brown, K.F. Chadderton, J. Daly, D.T. Langer, D.A. Duncan, D. “Opportunity for Diesel Emission Reductions Using Advanced Catalysts and Water Blend Fuel” SAE paper 2000-01-0182
5. Barnaud, F. Schmelzle, P. Schulz, P. “AQUAZOLETM: An Original Emulsified Water-Diesel Fuel for Heavy-Duty Applications” SAE paper 2000-01-1861
6. Hountalas, D.T. Mavropoulos, G.C. Zannis, T.C. Mamalis, S.D. “Use of Water Emulsion and Intake Water Injection as NOx Reduction Techniques for Heavy Duty Diesel Engines” SAE paper 2006-01-1414
7. Matheaus, A.C. Ryan, T.W. Daly, D. Langer, D.A. Musculus, M.P.B. “Effects of PuriNOx Water-Diesel Fuel Emulsions on Emissions and Fuel Economy in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine” SAE paper 2002-01-2891
8. Langer, D.A. Petek, N.K. Schiferl, E.A. “Maximizing the Effectiveness of Water Blended Fuel in Reducing Emissions by Varying Injection Timing or Using After-Treatment Device” SAE paper 2001-01-0513
9. Schmelzle, P. Chandes, K. “The Challenge Facing AQUAZOLE: Compatibility With New Engine and DPF Technologies” SAE paper 2004-01-1885
10. Samec, N. Kegl, B. Dibble, R.W. “Numerical and experimental study of water/oil emulsified fuel combustion in a diesel engine” Fuel 81 2002 2035 2044
11. Hall, D. Thorne, C. Goodier, S. “An Investigation Into the Effect of a Diesel/Water Emulsion on the Size and Number Distribution of the Particulate Emissions from a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine” SAE paper 2003-01-3168
12. Matthews, R. Hall, M. Anthony, J. Ullmann, T. Lewis, D. “The Texas Diesel Fuels Project, Part 2: Comparisons of Fuel Consumption and Emissions for a Fuel/Water Emulsion and Conventional Diesel Fuels” SAE paper 2004-01-0087
13. Barnes, A. Duncan, D. Marshall, J. Psaila, A. Chadderton, J. Eastlake, A. “Evaluation of Water-blend Fuels in a City Bus and an Assessment of Performance with Emission Control Devices” SAE paper 2000-01-1915
14. Janakiraman, G. Johnson, J.H. Bagley, S.T. Warner, J.R. Huynh, C.T. Khan, A. Leddy, D.G. “Oxidation Catalytic Converter and Emulsified Fuel Effects on Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Emissions” SAE paper 2002-01-1277
15. Bertola, A. Li, R. Boulouchos, K. “Influence of Water-Diesel Fuel Emulsions and EGR on Combustion and Exhaust Emissions of Heavy Duty DI-Diesel Engines equipped with Common-Rail Injection System” SAE Paper 2003-01-3146
16. Nazha, M.A.A. Rajakaruna, H. Wagstaff, S.A. “The Use of Emulsion, Water Induction and EGR for Controlling Diesel Engine Emissions” SAE Paper 2001-01-1941
17. Musculus, M.P.B. Dec, J.E. Tree, D.R. Daly, D. Langer, D.A. Ryan, T.W. Matheaus, A.C. “Effects of Water-Fuel Emulsions on Spray and Combustion Processes in a Heavy-Duty DI Diesel Engine” SAE paper 2002-01-2892
18. Zeldovich, Y.B. “Oxidation of nitrogen in combustion and explosion” Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya A 51 1946 217 220
19. Kadota, T. Yamasaki, H. “Recent advances in the combustion of water fuel emulsion” Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 28 2002 385 404
20. Song, K.H. Lee, Y. Litzinger, T.A. “Effects of Emulsified Fuels on Soot Evolution in an Optically-accessible DI Diesel Engine” SAE paper 2000-01-2794
21. Abu-Zaid, M. “Performance of single cylinder, direct injection Diesel engine using water fuel emulsions” Energy Conversion and Management 45 2004 697 705
22. Lin, C.-Y. Wang, K.-H. “Effects of a Combustion Improver on Diesel Engine Performance and Emission Characteristics When Using Three-Phase Emulsions as an Alternative Fuel” Energy & Fuels 18 2004 477 484
23. Mello, J.P. Mellor, A.M. “NO x Emissions from Direct Injection Diesel Engines with Water/Steam Dilution” SAE paper 1999-01-0836
24. Brusca, S. Lanzafame, R. “Evaluation of the Effects of Water Injection in a Single Cylinder CFR Cetane Engine” SAE Paper 2001-01-2012
25. Kegl, B. Pehan, S. “Reduction of Diesel Engine Emissions by Water Injection” SAE Paper 2001-01-3259
26. Gonzales D, M.A. Rivas, H. Gutierrez, X Leon, A. “Performance and Emissions Using Water in Diesel Fuel Microemulsion” SAE Paper 2001-01-3525
27. Christian, V.R. Knopf, F. Jaschek, A. Schindler, W. “Eine neue Messmethodik der Bosch-Zahl mit erhöhter Empfindlichkeit” MTZ Motortechnische Zeitschrift 54 1993 16 22
28. Gustavsson, J. Golovitchev, V.I. “Spray Combustion Simulation Based on Detailed Chemistry Approach for Diesel Fuel Surrogate Model” SAE paper 2003-01-1848
29. Lutz, A.E. Kee, R.J. Miller, J.A. “Senkin: a Fortran program for predicting homogenous gas phase chemical kinetics with sensitivity analysis” Sanda National Laboratories 1994
30. Alriksson, M. Rente, T. Denbratt, I. “Low Soot, Low NO x in a Heavy Duty Diesel Engine Using High Levels of EGR” SAE Paper 2005-01-3836
31. Alriksson, M. Denbratt, I. “Low Temperature Combustion in a Heavy Duty Diesel Engine Using High Levels of EGR” SAE paper 2006-01-0075

Cited By