This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Foamability of Thermoplastic Vulcanizates (TPVs) with Various Physical Blowing Agents (PBAs)
Technical Paper
2006-01-0972
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Thermoplastic Vulcanizate (TPV) is a special class of Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPEs) made of a rubber/plastic polymer mixture in which the rubber phase is highly vulcanized. It is prepared by melt mixing a thermoplastic with an elastomer and by in-situ crosslinking of the rubber phase. Currently, TPV is replacing EPDM rubber dramatically because of the impressive advantages for automotive sealing applications. Some of the advantages of TPV compared to that of EPDM rubber are good gloss, recyclability, improved colorability, shorter cycle time and design flexibility. The development of TPV foaming technology is to fulfill the requirement of achieving lower cost, lighter weight and better fuel economy. Foaming of TPV has not been investigated extensively. The complete dissolution of the blowing agent in the molten polymer is the most critical step in TPV foaming processing, and this strongly depends on the solubility of the blowing agent, the saturation pressure, the degree of mixing, and residence time. In our study, we attempted to understand the foaming behaviour of commercial TPVs in general, with various blowing agents. The effect of blowing agent type and concentration on the expansion behaviour, the cell-number density and the foam structure under the different processing conditions are examined. These experimental results will be used to determine optimized TPV formulations to ensure good foamability, while retaining the properties of TPV.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Kim, S., Park, C., and Sain, M., "Foamability of Thermoplastic Vulcanizates (TPVs) with Various Physical Blowing Agents (PBAs)," SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-0972, 2006, https://doi.org/10.4271/2006-01-0972.Also In
References
- Walker B. M. Rader C. P. “Handbook of Thermoplastic Elastomers” Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. New York 1988
- Legge N. R. Holden G. Schroeder H. E. “Thermoplastic Elastomer: A Comprehensive Review” Hanser, Munich 1987
- Abdou-Sabet S. Patel R. P. Rubber Chem. Technol. 64 769 1991
- Gessler A. M. Haslett W. H. (to Esso Research and Engineering Co.) U.S. Patent 3,037,954 1962
- Gottler W. K. Richwine J. R. Wille F. J. Rubber Chem. Technol . 55 1448 1992
- Blizard K. Anderson J. Schröder A. “Microcellular Foaming of TPV Materials in Automotive Weather Seal Applications” Trexel Inc. Tech. Paper 2003
- Anderson J. R. Blizard K. Chen G. L. Okamoto K. T. U.S. Patent 0,038,018 2004
- Goodyear C. U.S. Patent 3,663 1844
- Sain M. Hudec I. Beniska J. Rosner P. Rubber Chem. Technol . 61 747 1988
- Sain M. Beniska J. Rosner P. J. Polym. Mat. 6 9 1989
- Hoffman W. “Vulcanization and Vulcanizing Agents” Palmerton Publishing Co. New York 1904
- Coran A. Y. Das B. Patel R. P. U.S. Patent 3,130,535 1978
- Dutta A. Cakmak M. Rubber Chem. Technol . 65 932 1992
- Brzoskowski R. Wang Y. Tulippe C. L. Dion B. Cai H. Sadeghi R. SPE, ANTEC Tech. Paper 3204 1998
- Wang Y. “New Low Density TPV Foam for Extrusion Profiles” Foamplas`98 May 19-20 Teaneck, New Jersey 161 1998
- Sahnoune A. J. Cell. Plast. 37 149 2001
- Sahnoune A. SPE, ANTEC Tech. Paper 665 2000
- Spitael P. Macosko C. W. Sahnoune A. SPE, ANTEC Tech. Paper 493 2002
- Kropp D. Michaeli W. Herrmann T. Schröder D. SPE, ANTEC Tech. Paper 43 3473 1997
- Klempner D. Frish. K. C. “Handbook of Polymeric Foams and Foam Technology” Hanser New York 1991
- Naguib H. E. Park C. B. Danzer U. Reichelt N. Polym. Eng. Sci . 42 1491 2002
- Park C. B. Behravesh A. H. Venter R. D. Polym. Eng. Sci . 38 1812 1998
- Xu X. Xu D. Park C. B. SPE, ANTEC Tech. Paper 450 2004