This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Standardized Equation for Hydrogen Gas Densities for Fuel Consumption Applications1
Technical Paper
2006-01-0434
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
We have established an equation for the density of hydrogen gas that agrees with the current standard to within 0.01 % from 220 to 400 K with pressures up to 45 MPa. The equation is a truncated virial-type equation based on pressure and temperature dependent terms. The density uncertainty for this equation is the same as the current standard and is estimated as 0.2 % (combined uncertainty with a coverage factor of 2). Comparisons are presented with experimental data and with the full 32-term equation of state.
Recommended Content
Authors
Citation
Lemmon, E., Huber, M., Friend, D., and Paulina, C., "Standardized Equation for Hydrogen Gas Densities for Fuel Consumption Applications1," SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-0434, 2006, https://doi.org/10.4271/2006-01-0434.Also In
References
- Lemmon, E.W. Peskin A.P. McLinden M.O. Friend D.G. NIST Thermodynamic and transport properties of pure fluids (NIST 12) National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD 2000
- Younglove, B.A. Thermophysical properties of fluids. I. Argon, ethylene, parahydrogen, nitrogen, nitrogen trifluoride, and oxygen J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Suppl. 11 1 1 356 1982
- Roder, H.M. McCarty R.D. A modified Benedict-Webb-Rubin equation of state for parahydrogen - II Natl. Bur. Stand., Interagency Rep. 75-814 1975
- Linstrom, P.J. Mallard W.G. NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69 http://webbook.nist.gov National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD 2003
- McCarty, R.D. Hord J. Roder H.M. Selected properties of hydrogen (engineering design data) NBS Monograph 168, Natl. Bur. Stand. 1981
- Lemmon, E.W. Jacobsen R.T A new functional form and new fitting techniques for equations of state with application to pentafluoroethane (HFC-125) J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 34 1 69 108 2005
- Loss, R.D. Atomic weights of the elements Pure Appl. Chem. 75 8 1107 1122 2003
- CODATA Internationally recommended values of the Fundamental Physical Constants http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants 2002
- Mohr, P.J. Taylor B.N. CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants: 1998 Rev. Mod. Phys. 72 2 351 495 2000
- Bartlett, E.P. Cupples H.L. Tremearne T.H. Compressibility isotherms of hydrogen, nitrogen and a 3:1 mixture of these gases at temperatures between 0 and 400°, and at pressures to 1000 Atmospheres J. Am. Chem. Soc. 50 1275 1288 1928
- Bartlett, E.P. Hetherington H.C. Kvalnes H.M. Tremearne T.H. The compressibility isotherms of hydrogen, nitrogen and a 3:1 mixture of these gases at temperatures of -70, -50, -25 and 20° and at pressures to 1000 atmospheres J. Am. Chem. Soc. 52 1363 1373 1930
- Jaeschke, M. Humphreys A.E.R. The GERG databank of high accuracy compressibility factor measurements Verlag des Vereins Deutscher Ingenieurs Dusseldorf, Germany 1990
- Michels, A. Goudeket M. Compressibilities of hydrogen between 0°C and 150°C up to 3000 atmospheres Physica A 8 347 352 1941
- Michels, A. De Graaff W. Wassenaar T. Levelt J.M.H. Louwerse P. Compressibility isotherms of hydrogen and deuterium at temperatures between -175 °C and +150 °C (at densities up to 960 Amagat) Physica (Amsterdam) 25 25 42 1959
- Scott, G.A. The isotherms of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and their mixtures Proc. R. Soc. London 125 330 44 1929
- Townend, D.T.A. Bhatt. L.A. Isotherms of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and their mixtures Proc. R. Soc. London 134 502 512 1931
- Verschoyle, T.T.H. Isotherms of hydrogen, of nitrogen, and of hydrogen-nitrogen mixtures, at 0 and 20 °C, up to a pressure of 200 atmospheres Proc. R. Soc. London 111 552 76 1926
- Wiebe, R. Gaddy V.L. The compressibilities of hydrogen and of four mixtures of hydrogen and nitrogen at 0, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 300° and to 1000 atmospheres J. Am. Chem. Soc. 60 2300 2303 1938
- Veenstra, M. Ding Y. Report to the working group of the SAE Fuel Cell Standards Committee Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) 2003 Ding Y. Kulik E. Bradley J. Kochis T. Thomas F. Markel T. Sun E. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicle fuel economy measurements and calculation SAE 2004 World Congress & Exhibition, 01-1339 2004
- Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Recommended practice for measuring the fuel consumption and range of fuel cell powered electric vehicles using compressed gaseous hydrogen 2005
- National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST Calibration services users guide “Mechanical/Flow Measurements” http://ts.nist.gov/ts/htdocs/230/233/calibrations> 2005 Wright J.D. Mattingly G.E. NIST Measurement Services: NIST Calibration services for gas flow meters: Piston prover and bell prover gas flow facilities 1998
- Paulina, C. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicle fuel economy testing at the U.S. EPA National Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Laboratory Society of Automotive Engineers, Powertrain & Fluid Systems Conference and Exhibition, 01-2900 2004