This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Impact of Ambient Temperatures on Exhaust Thermal Characteristics during Cold Start for Real World SI Car Urban Driving Tests
Technical Paper
2005-01-3896
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Thermal characteristics of SI engine exhaust during cold start and warm up period were investigated for different ambient temperatures (-2 to 32 °C). A Euro 1 emission compliance SI car was tested using a real world urban driving cycle to represent typical city driving patterns and simulate ECE15 urban driving cycle. The test car was equipped with 27 thermocouples along the engine and exhaust pipes so as to measure metal and exhaust gas temperatures along the engine, exhaust and catalyst. The characteristics of thermal properties of engine, exhaust system and catalyst were studied as a function of warm up time and ambient temperature. The temperature and time of the light-off of catalyst were investigated so as to evaluate the effect of thermal properties of the catalyst on emissions.
The results show that the coolant water reached the full warm up about 5 minutes in summer and 9 minutes in winter after a cold start. Lubricating oil reached the full warm up in 10 minutes in summer and 14 minutes in winter after a cold start. The light-off time of TWC was about 3 minutes in summer and 6 minutes in winter in terms of catalyst substrate temperatures. The determination of catalyst light off has been studied and discussed in terms of catalyst substrate temperatures and gas temperatures. The ambient temperature had little influence on engine out exhaust gas temperatures. The heat loss from the engine out to the catalyst was at highest level in the first 5∼6 minutes and after this point the heat available at the catalyst was relatively stable.
The thermal properties of the engine and exhaust system had significant influence on emissions. The results indicate that in some urban driving conditions such as short journeys in cities especially under cold weather conditions, the function of catalysts for emission reductions is very limited.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Li, H., Andrews, G., Zhu, G., Daham, B. et al., "Impact of Ambient Temperatures on Exhaust Thermal Characteristics during Cold Start for Real World SI Car Urban Driving Tests," SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-3896, 2005, https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-3896.Also In
References
- Peter Hans Cozzarini Christian Emissions and Air Quality SAE Reference book 2000
- Laurikko J. Erlandsson L. Arbrahamsson R. Exhaust in Cold Ambient Conditions: Considerations for a European Test Procedure SAE Paper 95923
- Laurikko J. Aakko P. The Effect of Ambient Temperature on the Emissions of Some Nitrogen Compounds: A Comparative Study on Low-Medium and High Mileage Three-Way Catalyst Vehicles SAE Paper 950933
- Gurney M.D. Allsup J.R. Predictability of Emissions from In-Use Vehicles at Low-Ambient Temperature and Alternate Driving Cycle Based on Standard Tests SAE Paper 890625
- Larson R.E. Vehicles Emissions Characteristics under Cold Ambient Condition SAE Paper 890021
- Taylor G.W.R. Stewart S Cold start Impact on Vehicle Energy Use SAE Paper 2001-01-0221
- Laurikko J. Nylund N. Regulated and Unregulated Emissions from Catalyst Vehicles at Low Ambient Temperature SAE Paper 930946
- Jason D.H. Checkel M.D. Quantifying Vehicle Emission Factors for Various Ambient Conditions using an On-Road, Real-Time Emissions system SAE Paper 2003-01-0301
- Andrews G.E. Harris J.R. Ounzain A. Transient Heating and Emissions of an SI Engine during the Warm-up period SAE Paper 880264
- Andrews G.E. Harris J.R. Ounzain A. SI Engine Warm-Up: Water and Lubricating Oil Temperature Influences SAE Paper 892103
- Andrews G.E. Harris J.R. Ounzain A. The Role of Cooling Water and Lubricating Oil Temperature on Transient Emissions during SI Engine Warm-up 1989
- Andrews G.E. Harris J.R. Ounzain A. Experimental Methods for Investigating the Transient Heating and Emissions of an SI Engine during the Warm-up Period 1988
- Andrews G.E. Ounzain A. Al-fawaz A.D. Ghazhikhani M. Dyke P.H. Catalyst Performance during the Warm-up period 2nd British-Italian conference in Engine
- Andrews G.E. Harris J.R. Ounzain A. The Influence of External Heat Losses on the Transient SFC and Emissions during the Warm-up period of an SI Engine 1990
- Piotr B. Jerzy M. Cold Start Emissions Investigation at Different Temperature Conditions SAE Paper 980401
- Andrews G.E. Ahmad F.M. The Composition of Spark Ignition Engine Steady State Particulate Emissions SAE Paper 1999-01-1143
- Andrews G.E. Li Hu Hall J. Rahman A.A. Mawson P. The Influence of an Oil Recycler on Emissions with Oil Age for a Refuse Truck in Service testing SAE Paper 2001-01-0623
- Andrews G.E. Li Hu Hall J. Rahman A.A. Mawson P. Impacts of an on Line Bypass Oil Recycler on Emissions with Oil Age for a Bus in Service testing SAE Paper 2001-01-3677
- Zhu G.G. Engine and Exhaust System Warm-up, Emissions and Catalyst Temperature Control Dept. of Fuel and Energy, The University of Leeds 1999
- Wylie J.A. Spark Ignition Engine Emissions during Cold Start under Real World Driving Conditions The University of Leeds 2001
- Automotive Test Drive Cycles for Emission Measurement and Real-World Emission levels - A Review Journal of Automobile Engineering 216 D7 Institution of Mechanical Engineers London
- Ohyama Y. Mixture Formation during Cold Starting and Warm-up in Spark Ignition Engines SAE Paper 960065
- Bielaczyc P. Merkisz J. Euro III/Euro IV Emissions - A Study of Cold Start and Warm Up Phases with a SI Engine SAE Paper 1999-01-1073
- Bielaczyc P. Merkisz J. Exhaust Emission from Passenger Cars during Engine Cold Start and Warm-up SAE Paper 970740
- Bielaczyc P. Merkisz J. Pielecha J. Exhaust Emissions from Diesel Engine during Cold Start in Ambient Temperature Conditions 2000 FISITA World Automotive Congress∼Automotive Innovation for the New Millennium Seoul, Korea 2000
- Spark Ignition Engine Emissions Short course Leeds University 2003
- Website of Vehicle Certification Agency UK http://www.vcacarfueldata.org.uk/
- Blair G.P. The Basic Design of Two-Stroke Engines SAE 1990
- Ferguson C.R. Internal Combustion Engines-applied thermosciences 1985 0-471-88129-5
- Andrews G.E. Zhu Grant Li Hu Simpson A. Wylie J.A. Bell M.C. Tate J The Effect of Ambient Temperature on Cold Start Urban Traffic Emissions for a Real World SI Car SAE Paper 2004-01-2903