This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Regulated Emissions from Biodiesel Tested in Heavy-Duty Engines Meeting 2004 Emission Standards
Technical Paper
2005-01-2200
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Biodiesel produced from soybean oil, canola oil, yellow grease, and beef tallow was tested in two heavy-duty engines. The biodiesels were tested neat and as 20% by volume blends with a 15 ppm sulfur petroleum-derived diesel fuel. The test engines were a 2002 Cummins ISB and 2003 DDC Series 60. Both engines met the 2004 U.S. emission standard of 2.5 g/bhp-h NOx+HC (3.35 g/kW-h) and utilized exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). All emission tests employed the heavy-duty transient procedure as specified in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations. Reduction in PM emissions and increase in NOx emissions were observed for all biodiesels in all engines, confirming observations made in older engines. On average PM was reduced by 25% and NOx increased by 3% for the two engines tested for a variety of B20 blends. These changes are slightly larger in magnitude, but in the same range as observed in older engines. The cetane improver 2-ethyl hexyl nitrate was shown to have no measurable effect on NOx emissions from B20 in these engines, in contrast to observations reported for older engines. The effect of intake air humidity on NOx emissions from the Cummins ISB was quantified. The CFR NOx/humidity correction factor was shown to be valid for an engine equipped with EGR, operating at 1700 m above sea level, and operating on conventional or biodiesel.
Recommended Content
Authors
- Robert L. McCormick - National Renewable Energy Laboratory-U.S. Department of Energy
- Christopher J. Tennant - National Renewable Energy Laboratory-U.S. Department of Energy
- R. Robert Hayes - National Renewable Energy Laboratory-U.S. Department of Energy
- Stuart Black - National Renewable Energy Laboratory-U.S. Department of Energy
- John Ireland - National Renewable Energy Laboratory-U.S. Department of Energy
- Tom McDaniel - National Renewable Energy Laboratory-U.S. Department of Energy
- Aaron Williams - National Renewable Energy Laboratory-U.S. Department of Energy
- Mike Frailey - National Renewable Energy Laboratory-U.S. Department of Energy
- Christopher A. Sharp - Southwest Research Institute
Topic
Citation
McCormick, R., Tennant, C., Hayes, R., Black, S. et al., "Regulated Emissions from Biodiesel Tested in Heavy-Duty Engines Meeting 2004 Emission Standards," SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-2200, 2005, https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-2200.Also In
References
- Sheehan J. Camobreco V. Duffield J. Graboski M. Shapouri H. “An Overview of Biodiesel and Petroleum Diesel Life Cycles” National Renewable Energy Laboratory May 1998
- Graboski, M.S. McCormick, R.L. “Combustion of Fat and Vegetable Oil Derived Fuels in Diesel Engines” Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 24 125 1998
- United States Environmental Protection Agency 2002 “A Comprehensive Analysis of Biodiesel Impacts on Exhaust Emissions”
- McCormick, R.L. Alvarez, J.R. Graboski, M.S. Tyson, K.S. Vertin, K. “Fuel Additive and Blending Approaches to Reducing NO x Emissions from Biodiesel” SAE Technical Paper No. 2002-01-1658 2002
- Sharp, C.A. “Transient Emissions Testing of Biodiesel in a DDC 6V-92TA Engine” Final Report to National Biodiesel Board SWRI Oct. 1994
- Sharp, C.A. “Transient Emissions Testing of Biodiesel and Other Additives in a DDC Series 60 Engine” Final Report to National Biodiesel Board SWRI Dec. 1994
- Matheaus, A.C. Neely, G.D. Ryan, T.W. Sobotowski, R.A. Wall, J.C. Hobbs, C.H. Passavant, G.W. Bond, T.J. “EPA HDEWG Program-Engine Tests Results” SAE Technical Paper No. 2000-01-1858 2000
- Tat, M.E. van Gerpen, J.J. “Measurement of Biodiesel Speed of Sound and Its Impact on Injection Timing” National Renewable Energy Laboratory February 2003
- Monyem, A. van Gerpen, J.J. Canakci, M. “The Effect Of Timing And Oxidation On Emissions From Biodiesel-Fueled Engines” Trans. of the Am. Soc. of Agricultural Engineers 44 35 2001
- Sybist, J.P. Boehman, A.L. “Behavior Of A Diesel Injection System With Biodiesel Fuel” SAE Technical Paper No. 2003-01-1039 2003
- McCormick, R.L. Graboski, M.S. Alleman, T.L. Herring, A.M. “Impact of Biodiesel Source Material and Chemical Structure on Emissions of Criteria Pollutants from a Heavy-Duty Engine” Environ. Sci. Technol. 35 1742 2001