This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Experimental characterization of outlet flow for different diesel nozzle geometries
Technical Paper
2005-01-2120
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Three diesel injector nozzles with different geometries have been characterized under cavitating and non-cavitating conditions using injection rate measurements and momentum flux measurements. Apart from the expected choking of the mass flow, also an important increase in velocity at the exit of the nozzles orifice is observed, when cavitation appears.
The analysis of the results using three original characteristic parameters of the flow at the exit of the nozzle orifice enables us to resume the global information of a specific nozzle in terms of mass flow rate, momentum flux, flow velocity and density at the exit for the whole range of the engine's injection pressures and backpressures. Each nozzle is defined by only three characteristic constants. This has the undeniable practical aspect for comparing different nozzles. Furthermore by analyzing the results using our empirical model we are able to give a direct explanation for the influence of the average flow density at the exit of the orifice, explaining the increase in exit velocity and mass flow ‘collapse’ when cavitation appears.
The developed semi empirical model therefore is a useful tool for comparing nozzles, for 3-D modeling purposes and also for explaining differences in spray behavior and combustion.
Recommended Content
Authors
- José M. Desantes - CMT-Motores Térmicos. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain
- Jean Arrègle - CMT-Motores Térmicos. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain
- J. Javier López - CMT-Motores Térmicos. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain
- Sjoerd Hermens - CMT-Motores Térmicos. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain
Citation
Desantes, J., Arrègle, J., López, J., and Hermens, S., "Experimental characterization of outlet flow for different diesel nozzle geometries," SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-2120, 2005, https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-2120.Also In
References
- Bergwerk, W. ̈Flow Pattern in Diesel Nozzle Spay Holes̈ Proceedings of the Institute of Mechanical Engineers 173 655 660 1959
- Kent, J.C. Brown, G.M. ̈Nozzle exit flow characteristics for square edge and rounded inlet geometries̈ Combust. Sci.Technol. 30 121 132 1983
- Payri, F. Bermúdez V. Payri R. Salvador FJ. ̈The Influence of Cavitation on the Internal Flow and The Spray Characteristics in Diesel Injection Nozzles̈ Fuel 83 419 431 2004
- Hiroyasu, H. ̈The Structure of Fuel Sprays and the Combustion Process in Diesel Engines Proceedings of the 1998 Fall Technical Conference of the ASME I C E Division 31 1 1998
- Kampmann S. Dittus B Mattes P Kirner M ̈The influence of hydro grinding at VCO nozzles on the mixture preparation in a DI diesel enginë SAE Paper 960867 1996
- Pierpont, D.A. Reitz, R.D ̈Effects on injection pressure and nozzle geometry on D.I. Diesel emissions and performancë SAE paper 950604 1995
- Su, T.F. Farell, P.V. Nagarajan, R.T. ̈Nozzle effects on High Pressure Diesel Injection̈ SAE Paper 950083 1995
- Soteriou, C. Smith, M. Andrews, R. ̈Direct Injection Diesel Sprays and the Effects of Cavitation and Hydraulic Flip on Atomization̈ SAE Paper No. 950080 1995
- Chaves, H. Knapp, M. Kubitzek, A ̈Experimental study of cavitation in the nozzle hole of diesel injectors using transparent nozzles̈ SAE Paper 950290 1995
- He, L. Ruiz, F. ̈Effect of Cavitation on Flow and Turbulence in Plain Orifices for High Speed Atomization Atomization and Sprays 5 569 584 1995
- Badock, C. Wirth, R. Tropea, C. ̈The Influence of Hydro Grinding on Cavitation Inside a Diesel Injection Nozzle on Primary Break-up Under Unsteady Pressure Conditions̈ Annual Conference on Liquid Atomization & Spray Systems Toulouse, France 1999
- Ganippa, L.C. Andersson S. Chomiak, J. ̈Combustion Characteristics of Diesel Sprays from Equivalent Nozzles with Sharp and Rounded Inlet Geometries̈ Combust. Sci. and Tech. 175 1015 1032 2003
- Dodge, L.G. Ryan T.W. III, Ryan, M.C. ̈Effects of Different Injector Hole Shapes on Diesel Sprays̈ SAE Paper 920623 1992
- Macian, V. Payri, R. Margot, X. Salvador, F.J. ̈A CFD Analysis of the Influence of Diesel Nozzle Geometry on the Inception of Cavitation̈ Atomization and Sprays 13 579 604 2003
- Ohrn T.R. Senser D.W. Lefebvre, A.H ̈Geometrical Effects on Discharge Coefficients for Plain-orifice Atomizers̈ Atomization and Sprays 1 2 137 153 1991
- Payri, R. García, J.M Salvador, F.J. Gimeno, J. ̈Using Spray Momentum Flux Measurements to Understand the Influence of Diesel Nozzle Geometry on Spray Characteristics̈ Fuel 84 551 561 2004
- Siebers, D.L. ̈Scaling Liquid-Phase Fuel Penetration in Diesel Sprays Based on Mixing-Limited Vaporization̈ SAE Paper 1999-01-0528
- Marcer, R. Le Cottier, P. Chaves, H. Argueyrolles, B. Habchi, C. Barbeau, B. ̈A Validated Numerical Simulation of Diesel Injector Flow Using a VOF Method̈ SAE Paper 2000-01-2932 2000
- Stumpp G. Ricco M. ̈Common rail, an attractive fuel injection system for passenger car DI diesel engines SAE Paper 960870 1996
- Bosch W. The Fuel Rate Indicator: A New Instrument for Display of the Characteristic of Individual Injection SAE Paper 660749 1966
- Gonzales Macias, U. 1998
- Nurick, W. H. ̈Orifice Cavitation and its Effect on Spray Mixing̈ Journal of fluids engineering 98 681 687 1976
- Schmidt, D.P. Corradini M.L. ̈Analytical Prediction of the Exit flow of Cavitating Orifices̈ Atomization and Sprays 7 6 1997
- Lichtarowicz, A.K Duggins R.K Markland E. ̈Discharge Coefficients for Incompressible non-cavitating Flow Through Long Orifices J Mech Engng Sci 1965 7 2 210 9
- Naber, J.D. Siebers, D.L. ̈Effects of Gas Density and Vaporization on Penetration and Diespersion of Diesel Sprays̈ SAE Paper 960034