This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Octane Appetite Studies in Direct Injection Spark Ignition (DISI) Engines
Technical Paper
2005-01-0244
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The anti-knock or octane quality of a fuel depends on the fuel composition as well as on the engine design and operating conditions. The true octane quality of practical fuels is defined by the Octane Index, OI = (1-K)RON + KMON where K is a constant for a given operating condition and depends only on the pressure and temperature variation in the engine (it is not a property of the fuel). RON and MON are the Research and Motor Octane numbers respectively, of the fuel. OI is the octane number of the primary reference fuel (PRF) with the same knocking behaviour at the given condition. In this work a wide range of fuels of different RON and MON were tested in prototype direct injection spark ignition (DISI) engines with compression ratios of 11 and 12.5 at different speeds up to 6000 RPM. Knock Limited Spark Advance (KLSA) was used to characterize the anti-knock quality of the fuel. Experiments were also done using two cars with DISI engines equipped with knock sensor systems. The anti-knock quality of a fuel in the car is inferred from the power/acceleration performance, which changes in response to knock. RON is dominant for fuel anti-knock quality at all engine speeds. Moreover, for low and moderate engine speeds, frequently used on the road, for a given RON, lower MON results in better fuel anti-knock quality.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Kalghatgi, G., Nakata, K., and Mogi, K., "Octane Appetite Studies in Direct Injection Spark Ignition (DISI) Engines," SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-0244, 2005, https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-0244.Also In
References
- Heywood, J.B. “Internal combustion engine fundamentals” McGraw Hill Book Co. 1988
- Kalghatgi, G.T. Golombok, M. Snowdon, P. “Fuel effects on knock, heat release and ‘CARS’ temperatures in a spark ignition engine” Combust. Sci. Tech. 110-111 209 228 1995
- Bradley, D. Kalghatgi, G.T. Golombok, M. “Fuel blend and mixture strength effects on autoignition heat release rates and knock intensity in S.I. engines” SAE 962105 SAE Transactions-Journal of Fuels and Lubricants 105 1996
- McNally, M.J. Callison, J.C. Evans, B. Graham, J.P. Swaynos, D.V. Uihlein, J.P. Wusz, T. “The effect of gasoline octane quality on vehicle acceleration performance - A CRC study” SAE 912304 1991
- Coordinating Research Council Inc. “Vehicle performance effect of octane on knock sensor equipped vehicles” CRC Report No. 597 1995
- Whelan, D.E. Schmidt, G.K. Hischier, M.E. “An acceleration based method to determine the octane number requirement of knock sensor vehicles” SAE 982721 1998
- Sugawara, Y. Akasaka, Y. Kagami, M. “Effects of gasoline properties on acceleration performance of commercial vehicles.” SAE 971725 1997
- Kalghatgi, G.T. “Fuel anti-knock - Part II. Vehicle studies- how relevant is Motor Octane Number (MON) for modern engines?” SAE 2001-01-3585 2001 SAE Transactions - Journal of Fuels and Lubricants 110
- Ingamells, J.C. Jones, E.R. “Developing road octane correlations from octane requirement surveys” SAE 810492 1981
- Bell, A.G. “The relationship between octane quality and octane requirement” SAE 750935 1975
- Millo, F Ferraro, C.V. Rocco, M “The effect of unleaded gasoline formulation on antiknock performance” SAE 941862 1994 SAE SP-1054
- Arrigoni, V. Cornetti, G.M. Spallanzani, G. Calvi, F. Tontodonati, A. “High speed knock in S.I. engines” SAE 741056 1974
- Kalghatgi, G.T. “Fuel anti-knock quality - Part I, Engine Studies” SAE 2001-01-3584 2001 SAE Transactions - Journal of Fuels and Lubricants 110
- Kalghatgi, G.T. “Auto-ignition quality of practical fuels and implications for fuel requirements of future SI and HCCI engines” SAE 2005-01-0239 2005
- Akihama, K. Taki, M. Takasu, S. Ueda, T. Iwashita, Y. Farrell, J.T. Weissman, W. “Fuel octane and composition effects on efficiency and emissions in a high compression ratio SIDI engine” SAE 2004-01-1950 2004
- Burluka, A.A. Liu, K. Sheppard, C.G.W. Smallbone, A.J. Woolley, R. “The influence of simulated residual and NO concentrations on knock onset of PRFs and gasolines” SAE 2004-01-2998 2004
- Leppard, W.R. “The chemical origin of fuel octane sensitivity” SAE 902137 1990
- Bradley, D. Morley, C. Walmsley, H. “Relevance of Research and Motor Octane numbers to the prediction of engine autoignition” SAE 2004-01-1970
- Hirst, S. L. Kirsch, L. J. “The Application of a Hydrocarbon Autoignition Model in Simulating Knock and Other Engine Combustion Phenomena,” Combustion Modeling in Reciprocating Engines Mattavi J. N. Amann C. A. Plenum Publishing New York 1980
- Risberg, P. Kalghatgi, G. Ångström H-E “Auto-ignition quality of gasoline-like fuels in HCCI engines” SAE 2003-01-3215 2003
- Kalghatgi, G.T. Head, R.A. “The available and required autoignition quality of gasoline-like fuels in HCCI engines at high temperatures” SAE 2004-01-1969 2004
- Takei, Y. Okada, M Fujimoto, Y “Fuel property requirement for advanced technology engine” SAE 2000-01-2019 2000
- Yamazaki, S. Kubo, S. Yaegashi, T. Tanaka, T Otsubo, K Fanick, E.R. “Effects of the gasoline composition and emission control systems on exhaust HC emissions” SAE 922182 1992
- Fieweger, K. Blumenthal, R. Adomeit, G. “Self-igntion of S.I. engine model fuels: a shock tube investigation at high pressure,” Combust. Flame 109 599 619 1997