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Advancements in Exhaust Flow Measurement Technology
Technical Paper
2003-01-0780
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
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English
Abstract
With the recent acceptance of the Bag Mini-Diluter (BMD) for low-level exhaust emissions measurement, there is an increased interest in exhaust flow measurement technology throughout the industry. Accurate tailpipe exhaust flow measurements can be considered the most “difficult” aspect of Bag Mini-Diluter systems due to the heat, water content, and transient behavior of the samples.
Acceptance by the EPA and ARB of the Bag Mini-Diluter sampling system was based on the design and performance of the Flow Technologies E-Flow system with UGF-5 ultrasonic electronics. A number of noteworthy advancements have been made to this exhaust meter since the Agency's acceptance, and there appears to be a number of new technologies entering the market. At this time, ultrasonic flow measurement is the most prevalent and robust technology, however, other alternatives are worthy of consideration.
The primary focus of this paper is to update the industry as to performance capabilities of current certification systems and to describe the requirements and desired features for future products. We will outline the general guidelines for exhaust flow meter performance in terms of accuracy, repeatability, and response characteristics. The tools needed to verify meter performance are described and data are presented for various exhaust flow meter designs. We will address the impact of the performance criteria on FTP and HwFET test results, and finally, we will recommend the performance improvements needed by industry to enhance the value of today's products.
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Guenther, M., Vaillancourt, M., and Polster, M., "Advancements in Exhaust Flow Measurement Technology," SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-0780, 2003, https://doi.org/10.4271/2003-01-0780.Also In
References
- California Air Resources Board “California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2003 and Subsequent Model Zero-Emission Vehicles, and 2001 and Subsequent Model Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes” May 30 2001
- Wright J.D. Espina P.I. “Flowmeter Calibration Facility For Heated Gas Mixtures” 1997 NCSL Workshop & Symposium
- Environmental Research Consortium Technical Report “The Bag Mini-Diluter Alternative to CVS Sampling” May 1 2001
- U. S. Environmental Protection Agency “Use of Bag Mini-Diluter Sampling Systems in Lieu of Constant Volume Sampling for Mass Emissions Testing” December 6 2001
- California Air Resources Board “Use of Bag Mini-Diluter Sampling Systems in Lieu of Constant Volume Sampling for Mass Emissions Testing” May 14 2002
- Guenther M. Sherman M. T. Vaillancourt M. Carpenter D. Rooney R. Porter S. “Advanced Emissions Test Site for Confident PZEV Emissions” SAE 2002-01-0046