DGI - Direct Gasoline Injection Status of Development for Spark-Ignited Engines

The first part of the paper gives an overview of the results obtained with European GDI-powered vehicles launched on the market. Thereafter, a discussion of in-vehicle limitations due to the exhaust gas after-treatment system requirements is given.

The paper continues with a description of the current development status of European lean stratified direct injection system layouts. A detailed presentation is made of the mixture preparation system key components, basic control algorithms and the necessary new high-level experimental and analytical development tools. Particularly the topic of the multi-purpose use of 3-D numerical simulation is addressed both in the development and the engine control strategy calibration phases. The development of a small 1.6 liter lean stratified engine project is taken as example to demonstrate the dual application capability of the 3D simulation tool.

The paper concludes with a discussion of the extension of the European GDI-approach for SI-engines to markets with different fuel properties as well as an overview of the significant time-saving, which can be obtained in the final engine calibration phase, by the use of parallel processor based numerical simulation.