This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Effects of Engine Oil Formulation Variables on Exhaust Emissions in Taxi Fleet Service
Technical Paper
2002-01-2680
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
This content contains downloadable datasets
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The relationship between engine oil formulations and catalyst performance was investigated by comparatively testing five engine oils. In addition to one baseline production oil with a calcium plus magnesium detergent system, the remaining four oils were specifically formulated with different additive combinations including: one worst case with no detergent and production level zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDTP), one with calcium-only detergent and two best cases with zero phosphorus.
Emissions performance, phosphorus loss from the engine oil, phosphorus-capture on the catalyst and engine wear were evaluated after accumulating 100,000 miles of taxi service in twenty vehicles. The intent of this comparative study was to identify relative trends. The study found that contamination of catalysts by phosphorus adversely affects emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides and, for the observed levels of captured phosphorus, emissions degradation correlates directionally with the amount found on the close-coupled catalysts. The vehicles operating with an experimental oil containing ZDTP but without detergent resulted in the largest deterioration of emission system performance and the greatest amount of phosphorus captured onto the catalyst. Phosphorus transport by selective volatilization of phosphorus components from the oil was found to be a significant factor. There was no evidence that abnormal or excessive wear or corrosion occurred based on used oil wear metal data.
Recommended Content
Authors
- Milton D. Johnson - Ford Motor Company
- Robert W. McCabe - Ford Motor Company
- Carolyn P. Hubbard - Ford Motor Company
- Michael J. Riley - Ford Motor Company
- Charles W. Kirby - Delphi
- Douglas J. Ball - Delphi
- Glenn Tripp - Delphi
- Thomas F. McDonnell - Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc.
- William Y. Lam - Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc.
Topic
Citation
Johnson, M., McCabe, R., Hubbard, C., Riley, M. et al., "Effects of Engine Oil Formulation Variables on Exhaust Emissions in Taxi Fleet Service," SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-2680, 2002, https://doi.org/10.4271/2002-01-2680.Data Sets - Support Documents
| Title | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Unnamed Dataset 1 |
Also In
References
- Culley S.A. McDonnell T.F. “The Impact of Passenger Car Motor Oil Phosphorus Levels on Engine Durability, Oil Degradation, and Exhaust Emissions in a Field Trial” SAE Technical Paper 952344 1995
- Darr S.T. Choksi R.A. Hubbard C.P. Johnson M.D. McCabe R.W. “Effects of Oil-Derived Contaminants on Emissions from TWC-Equipped Vehicles” SAE Technical Paper 2000-01-1881 2000
- Culley S.A. McDonnell T.F. Ball D.J. Kirby C.W. Hawes S.W. “The Impact of Passenger Car Motor Oil Phosphorus Levels on Automotive Emissions Control Systems” SAE Technical Paper 961898 1998
- Culley S.A. McDonnell T.F. Walters D.K. Ball D.J. Kirby C.W. Hawes S.W. “The Effect of Passenger Car Motor Oil Phosphorus Levels on Engine Durability, Oil Degradation, and Emissions Control Systems” CEC Paper CEC97-EL22 1997
- Ball D.J. Kirby C.W. “A Survey of Automotive Catalyst Technologies Using Rapid Aging Test Schedules Which Incorporated Engine Oil Derived Poisons” SAE Technical Paper 973050 1997
- Lafayatis D.S. Petrow R. Bennett C. “The Effects of Oil-Derived Poisons on Three-Way Catalyst Performance” SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-1093 2002
- Korcek S.K. Johnson M.D. Jensen R.K. Stow C. Bennett J. “Emissions Driven Engine Oil Reformulation” Proceeding of the 14 th European Automotive Symposium “Engine, fuels and lubricants: a view for the future” Nice, France Sept. 2001
- Ueda Fumio et al. “Engine Oil Additive Effects on Deactivation of Monolithic Three-Way Catalysts and Oxygen Sensors” SAE Technical Paper 940746 1994
- Chamberlin W. Zalar F. “Balancing Crankcase Lubricant Performance with Catalyst Life” SAE Technical Paper 841407 1984
- Unpublished Ford data
- Willermet P.A. Dailey D.P. Carter R.O. III Schmitz P.J. Zhu W. “Mechanism of formation of Antiwear Films from Zinc dialkyldithiophosphates” Tribology International 28 3 177 1995
- Selby T.W. “Development and significance of the Phosphorus Emission Index of Engine Oils” Proceedings of the 13 th International Colloquium Tribology - Lubricants Materials and Lubrication Esslingen, Germany 2002