This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of a Direct Injection Dual Fuel Diesel-Natural Gas Engine
Technical Paper
2002-01-0868
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The compression ignition engine of the dual fuel type has been employed in a wide range of applications to utilize various gaseous fuel resources while minimizing soot and oxides of nitrogen emissions without excessive increase in cost from that of conventional direct injection diesel engines. The use of natural gas as a supplement for liquid diesel fuel could be a solution towards the efforts of an economical and clean burning operation. The high auto-ignition temperature of natural gas is a serious advantage since the compression ratio of most conventional diesel engines can be maintained. In the present work a comparison between experimental and theoretical results is presented under dual fuel operation. For the theoretical investigation a computer simulation model has been developed which simulates the gaseous fuel combustion processes in dual fuel engines. The combustion model is a two-zone one, taking into account details of diesel fuel spray formation and mixing with the surrounding gas, which is a mixture of air and natural gas. The combustion rate of natural gas depends on the entrainment rate of surrounding gas into the fuel jet and on the velocity of the flame front, which is formed around the area of the burning zone and spreads inside the combustion chamber. A soot model has been used to estimate the formation of soot while the Zeldovich mechanism has been used to determine the concentration of oxides of nitrogen. To validate the predictive ability of the model, experiments were conducted on a single cylinder DI diesel test engine, which had been modified to operate under dual fuel conditions using natural gas. The engine is located at the author's laboratory and experiments have been taken at various operating conditions. Under dual fuel operation, liquid fuel is replaced by gaseous one at various percentages, to maintain the power output of the engine the same as for normal diesel operation at the specific operating conditions. In this case the amount of gaseous fuel represents the supplement. The experimental results are found to be in good agreement with the theoretical ones, obtained from the computer simulation program. It is revealed a serious effect of dual combustion on the heat release rate mechanism compared to standard diesel operation. Furthermore both experiment and simulation reveal that dual fuel operation has a positive effect on nitric oxide and soot emissions compared to normal diesel operation. This effect is promoted when increasing the percentage of gaseous fuel. The last reveal that the developed model is capable to predict at least qualitatively the effect of dual fuel operation on the combustion and pollutants formation mechanism.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Hountalas, D. and Papagiannakis, R., "Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of a Direct Injection Dual Fuel Diesel-Natural Gas Engine," SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-0868, 2002, https://doi.org/10.4271/2002-01-0868.Also In
References
- Bahr, O. Karim, G. A. Liu, B. “An examination of the flame spread limits in a dual fuel engine” Appl. Therm. Engng. 19 1071 1080 1999
- Karim, G. A. Khan, M. O. “Examination of effective rates of combustion heat release in a dual-fuel engine” J.S.M.E. 10 1 1968
- Agarwal, A. Assanis, D. N. “Multidimensional modeling of natural gas ignition under compression ignition conditions using detailed chemistry” SAE Paper, No 980136 1998
- Pirouzpanah, V. Kashani, B. O. “Prediction of major pollutants emission in direct-injection dual-fuel diesel and natural-gas engines” SAE Paper, No 990841 1999
- Karim, G. A. “A Review of Combustion Processes in the Dual Fuel Engine - The Gas Diesel Engine” Prog. Energy Combustion Sci. 6 277 285 1980
- Liu, Z. Karim, G. A. “Simulation of Combustion Processes in Gas-Fuelled Diesel Engines” Proc. Inst. Mech. Engrs. 211 159 169 1977
- Karim, G. A. Zhigang, L. “A Predictive Model for Knock in Dual Fuel Engines” SAE Paper, No 921550 1992
- Hountalas, D. T. Papagiannakis, R. G. “Development of a Simulation Model for Direct Injection Dual Fuel Diesel - Natural Gas Engines” SAE Paper, No 001286 2000
- Whitenhouse, N. D. Sareen, B. K. “Prediction of heat release in quiescent chamber Diesel Engine allowing for fuel/air mixing” SAE Paper, No 740084 1974
- Kouremenos, D. A. Racopoulos, C. D. Hountalas, D. T. “A computer simulation of combustion process in Diesel Engines with no-swirl for the purpose of heat release and nitric oxide prediction” Proc. Int. of the A.M.S.E. 3.3 207 218 1986
- Annand, W. J. D. “Heat transfer in the cylinders of reciprocating internal combustion engines” Proc. Inst. Mech. Engrs. 177 973 990 1963
- Kouremenos, D. A. Racopoulos, C. D. Hountalas, D. T. “Multi zone combustion modeling for the prediction of pollutants emissions and performance of DI Diesel engines” SAE Paper, No 970635 1977
- Kouremenos, D. A. Racopoulos, C. D. Hountalas, D. T. “Computer simulation with experimental validation of the exhaust nitric oxide and soot emissions in divided chamber Diesel engines” Trans. of the ASME San Francisco California 10-1 15 28 1989
- Ramos, J. I. Internal Combustion Engine Modeling Hemisphere New York 1989
- Heywood, J. B. Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals McGraw-Hill New York 1988
- Benson, R. S. Whitehouse, N. D. Internal Combustion Engines Pergamon Oxford 1979
- Hiroyasu, H. Kadota, T. Arai, M. “Development and use of a spray combustion modeling to predict diesel engine efficiency and pollutant emissions” Bulletin of the J.S.M.E. 26 569 576 1983
- Racopoulos, C. D. Hountalas, D. T. Tzanos, E. I. Taklis, G. N. “A fast algorithm for calculating the composition of diesel combustion products using an eleven species chemical equilibrium scheme” Advances in Engng Software 19 109 119 1994
- Vickland, C. W. Strange, F. M. Bell, R. A. Starkman, E. S. “A consideration of the high temperature thermodynamics of internal combustion engines” SAE Trans. 70 785 793 1962 Glauert, M.B. “The wall jetS” J.Fluid Mech. 1 625 643 1956
- Bazari, Z. “A DI Diesel combustion and emission predictive capability for use in cycle simulation” SAE Paper, No 920462 1992
- Glauert, M. B. “The wall jet” J. Fluid Mech. 625 643 1956
- Kadota, T. Hiroyasu, H. Oya, H. “Spontaneous ignition delay of a fuel droplet in high pressure and high temperature gaseous environments” Bulletin of the J.S.M.E. 19 130 1976
- Lavoie, G. A. Heywood, J. B. Keck, J. C. “Experimental and theoretical study of nitric oxide formation in internal combustion engines” Combust. Sci. and Technol. 1 313 326 1970
- Hountalas, D. T Kouremenos, A. D. “Development and application of a fully automatic troubleshooting method for large marine diesel engines” Appl. Therm. Engng. 19 299 324 1999